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1,3-Dichloro-4-Iodobenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
407981 |
| Chemical Formula | C6H3Cl2I |
| Molar Mass | 289.899 g/mol |
| Appearance | Solid (likely white to off - white) |
| Physical State At Room Temperature | Solid |
| Solubility In Water | Insoluble (organic halide, non - polar nature) |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in common organic solvents like dichloromethane, chloroform |
| Odor | May have a characteristic halogenated - aromatic odor |
| Vapor Pressure | Low (due to being a solid at room temperature) |
As an accredited 1,3-Dichloro-4-Iodobenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 100g of 1,3 - dichloro - 4 - iodobenzene packaged in a sealed glass bottle. |
| Storage | 1,3 - Dichloro - 4 - iodobenzene should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area, away from heat sources and ignition sources. It should be stored in a tightly closed container to prevent leakage. Since it is a chemical, keep it separated from incompatible substances like oxidizing agents. Store in a location accessible only to trained personnel. |
| Shipping | 1,3 - Dichloro - 4 - iodobenzene is shipped in tightly sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It's transported under controlled conditions to prevent exposure, with strict adherence to hazardous chemical shipping regulations to ensure safety during transit. |
Competitive 1,3-Dichloro-4-Iodobenzene prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
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What are the physical properties of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene?
1% 2C3, which is one and three; dioxygen, which is carbon dioxide; 4, which is the number four; arsenic, a highly toxic substance, chemically called arsenic trioxide. The physical properties of arsenic are as follows:
Arsenic is a white crystalline powder under normal conditions, like frost and snow, hence the name. Its texture is delicate and feels like powder. Looking at it, pure arsenic is white and crystal clear in color, and has no variegated impurities. In terms of smell, arsenic has no significant odor. If there is no chemical means to identify it, it is difficult to detect it by smell.
In terms of its density, it is heavier than the common powder. When placed in the hand, it can feel a little heavy. Arsenic is stable at room temperature and pressure. When it encounters hot topics or specific chemical reaction conditions, its properties are variable. Its melting point is 320.2 ° C. When the temperature reaches this point, arsenic melts from a solid state to a liquid state. The boiling point is 457.2 ° C. At this high temperature, liquid arsenic turns into a gaseous state.
Arsenic has little solubility in water, little solubility in cold water, and slightly increased solubility in hot water. And it is insoluble in common organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc. Although arsenic is a highly toxic substance, knowing its physical properties is of great significance in chemical research, poison identification, and related fields.
Arsenic is a white crystalline powder under normal conditions, like frost and snow, hence the name. Its texture is delicate and feels like powder. Looking at it, pure arsenic is white and crystal clear in color, and has no variegated impurities. In terms of smell, arsenic has no significant odor. If there is no chemical means to identify it, it is difficult to detect it by smell.
In terms of its density, it is heavier than the common powder. When placed in the hand, it can feel a little heavy. Arsenic is stable at room temperature and pressure. When it encounters hot topics or specific chemical reaction conditions, its properties are variable. Its melting point is 320.2 ° C. When the temperature reaches this point, arsenic melts from a solid state to a liquid state. The boiling point is 457.2 ° C. At this high temperature, liquid arsenic turns into a gaseous state.
Arsenic has little solubility in water, little solubility in cold water, and slightly increased solubility in hot water. And it is insoluble in common organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc. Although arsenic is a highly toxic substance, knowing its physical properties is of great significance in chemical research, poison identification, and related fields.
What are the chemical properties of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene
The chemical properties of 1% 2C3-dioxide-4-thiophene are as follows:
thiophene, which is a sulfur-containing five-element thiophene compound. The thiophene system is aromatic. This is because in its molecule, the sulfur atoms are mixed with sp ² to form a thiophene domain, and there is a thiophene system on the orphan system, so that the whole system conforms to shock (4n + 2, n = 1), so it is aromatic.
In terms of anti-substitution of thiophene, thiophene exhibits phase activity. Due to its high density of thiophene, benzene is more susceptible to substitution. For example, thiophenol can be reversed under high temperature and low temperature, and mainly produces α-substituted compounds. For example, thiophene bromide can be rapidly reversed under room pressure by catalysis to generate 2-bromothiophene. In nitrification, thiophene needs to be used in combination with nitrification, such as acetyl nitrate, which is easy to cause cracking. This is because thiophene has high activity, and strong nitrification can make it reverse.
thiophene can also produce some addition inverses. Under specific catalytic and inverse conditions, diesenes-arbende inverses can be produced, and this inverse can be used to modify the existing compounds.
In addition, the resistance of thiophene oxide is poor. Oxidation can cause thiophene to rupture or sulfur atoms to be oxidized to form thiophene or thiophene compounds. For example, thiophene oxidized with thiophene oxide or the like can be oxidized to form thiophene or thiophene.
Therefore, the chemical properties of 1% 2C3-dioxide-4-thiophene, its aromaticity, thiophene substitution activity, addition and thiophene oxidation, etc., make it an important place in the field of synthesis and chemical research.
thiophene, which is a sulfur-containing five-element thiophene compound. The thiophene system is aromatic. This is because in its molecule, the sulfur atoms are mixed with sp ² to form a thiophene domain, and there is a thiophene system on the orphan system, so that the whole system conforms to shock (4n + 2, n = 1), so it is aromatic.
In terms of anti-substitution of thiophene, thiophene exhibits phase activity. Due to its high density of thiophene, benzene is more susceptible to substitution. For example, thiophenol can be reversed under high temperature and low temperature, and mainly produces α-substituted compounds. For example, thiophene bromide can be rapidly reversed under room pressure by catalysis to generate 2-bromothiophene. In nitrification, thiophene needs to be used in combination with nitrification, such as acetyl nitrate, which is easy to cause cracking. This is because thiophene has high activity, and strong nitrification can make it reverse.
thiophene can also produce some addition inverses. Under specific catalytic and inverse conditions, diesenes-arbende inverses can be produced, and this inverse can be used to modify the existing compounds.
In addition, the resistance of thiophene oxide is poor. Oxidation can cause thiophene to rupture or sulfur atoms to be oxidized to form thiophene or thiophene compounds. For example, thiophene oxidized with thiophene oxide or the like can be oxidized to form thiophene or thiophene.
Therefore, the chemical properties of 1% 2C3-dioxide-4-thiophene, its aromaticity, thiophene substitution activity, addition and thiophene oxidation, etc., make it an important place in the field of synthesis and chemical research.
What are the main uses of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene?
1% 2C3 refers to saltpeter and sulfur, both of which are commonly used in ancient Chinese alchemy and played a key role in the invention of gunpowder. Gunpowder is one of the four great inventions of ancient China, and saltpeter and sulfur are important components of gunpowder.
Dialum usually refers to a variety of alum substances, which were often used in the fields of alchemy, medicine, dyeing, metallurgy and other fields in ancient times. For example, in alchemy, alum participated in the process of refining alchemy, and the ancients believed that it had a magical effect. In medicine, some alum can be used as medicine to treat diseases such as sores and scabies. In the dyeing industry, it can be used as a mordant to assist in the attachment of dyes to fabrics. In metallurgy, it has a certain role in ore treatment or metal surface treatment.
4 is charcoal First, it is an important fuel, used for living heating, cooking, etc., to provide basic heat for the lives of the ancients. Second, in the field of metallurgy, it is a key reducing agent for smelting metals, which can reduce metal oxides in metal ores to metal elementals and promote the development of metal smelting technology. Third, in gunpowder, charcoal, as one of the components, is mixed with saltpeter and sulfur in a specific ratio. After ignition, it triggers a violent combustion reaction and releases huge energy.
Main uses of alum: In ancient alchemy, saltpeter and alum were often used together. The ancients hoped to make elixir of immortality through complex refining processes. Although it was unsuccessful, they accumulated chemical knowledge and experience. In the field of medicine, saltpeter and some alum can be used as medicine, such as saltpeter has the functions of diarrhea and diuretic, and some alum can be used externally to converge and dry. In addition, in the military, saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal are made into gunpowder, which changes the way of war and affects the process of world history. In industrial production, alum is also used in papermaking, tanning, and other industries. For example, alum can be used as a sizing agent for papermaking, making paper difficult to ink.
Dialum usually refers to a variety of alum substances, which were often used in the fields of alchemy, medicine, dyeing, metallurgy and other fields in ancient times. For example, in alchemy, alum participated in the process of refining alchemy, and the ancients believed that it had a magical effect. In medicine, some alum can be used as medicine to treat diseases such as sores and scabies. In the dyeing industry, it can be used as a mordant to assist in the attachment of dyes to fabrics. In metallurgy, it has a certain role in ore treatment or metal surface treatment.
4 is charcoal First, it is an important fuel, used for living heating, cooking, etc., to provide basic heat for the lives of the ancients. Second, in the field of metallurgy, it is a key reducing agent for smelting metals, which can reduce metal oxides in metal ores to metal elementals and promote the development of metal smelting technology. Third, in gunpowder, charcoal, as one of the components, is mixed with saltpeter and sulfur in a specific ratio. After ignition, it triggers a violent combustion reaction and releases huge energy.
Main uses of alum: In ancient alchemy, saltpeter and alum were often used together. The ancients hoped to make elixir of immortality through complex refining processes. Although it was unsuccessful, they accumulated chemical knowledge and experience. In the field of medicine, saltpeter and some alum can be used as medicine, such as saltpeter has the functions of diarrhea and diuretic, and some alum can be used externally to converge and dry. In addition, in the military, saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal are made into gunpowder, which changes the way of war and affects the process of world history. In industrial production, alum is also used in papermaking, tanning, and other industries. For example, alum can be used as a sizing agent for papermaking, making paper difficult to ink.
What are the synthesis methods of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene?
If you want to make one% mercury dioxane, there are three methods, which are detailed as follows:
First, start with mercury and sulfur, both of which are pure. Take an appropriate amount of mercury first, put it in a clean porcelain dish, gently heat it up, and the mercury will gradually soften. Take the sulfur next time, grind it to a very fine level, slowly pour it into the mercury, and stir quickly with a glass rod. The two blend, and the color gradually changes. Continue to heat, and stir until the two are completely combined and form a uniform quality. After entering a special container, add an appropriate amount of dioxygen, seal it, and refine it for a long time on a low fire, during which the heat must be stable, not too strong or too slow. After a long time, when you open the container and look at it, you can see that one% mercury dioxetrasulfide is formed, which is like coagulated fat and has a yellowish color.
Second, use mercury salts and sulfur-containing compounds as raw materials. Choose pure mercury salts, such as mercury nitrate, and dissolve in water to form a clear solution. Take sulfur-containing compounds, such as sodium sulfide, which are also soluble in water. Slowly drop the sodium sulfide solution into the mercury nitrate solution, stirring while dripping, and a black precipitate is formed in an instant, which is the initial shape of mercury sulfide. Let stand for a while, pour out the supernatant, wash the precipitate repeatedly with water, and remove its impurities. Then move the washed precipitate into the reactor, inject an appropriate amount of dioxy, and seal Heating at a suitable temperature, after several hours, the precipitation gradually changes, and one% mercury dioxane is gradually formed, the color turns light yellow, and the texture is fine.
Third, start with mercury ore. The mercury ore is first crushed and ground to a fine powder. Into the furnace, calcined at high temperature, so that the mercury is volatilized from the ore, condensed and collected. The collected mercury is combined with sulfur according to the first method to form mercury sulfide. The next step is the same as the second method, that is, it reacts with dioxygen under specific conditions to finally obtain one% mercury dioxane. Although this method is easy to obtain raw materials, there are many impurities in mercury ore, and the preliminary treatment is complicated. It needs to be purified many times to obtain a pure product.
First, start with mercury and sulfur, both of which are pure. Take an appropriate amount of mercury first, put it in a clean porcelain dish, gently heat it up, and the mercury will gradually soften. Take the sulfur next time, grind it to a very fine level, slowly pour it into the mercury, and stir quickly with a glass rod. The two blend, and the color gradually changes. Continue to heat, and stir until the two are completely combined and form a uniform quality. After entering a special container, add an appropriate amount of dioxygen, seal it, and refine it for a long time on a low fire, during which the heat must be stable, not too strong or too slow. After a long time, when you open the container and look at it, you can see that one% mercury dioxetrasulfide is formed, which is like coagulated fat and has a yellowish color.
Second, use mercury salts and sulfur-containing compounds as raw materials. Choose pure mercury salts, such as mercury nitrate, and dissolve in water to form a clear solution. Take sulfur-containing compounds, such as sodium sulfide, which are also soluble in water. Slowly drop the sodium sulfide solution into the mercury nitrate solution, stirring while dripping, and a black precipitate is formed in an instant, which is the initial shape of mercury sulfide. Let stand for a while, pour out the supernatant, wash the precipitate repeatedly with water, and remove its impurities. Then move the washed precipitate into the reactor, inject an appropriate amount of dioxy, and seal Heating at a suitable temperature, after several hours, the precipitation gradually changes, and one% mercury dioxane is gradually formed, the color turns light yellow, and the texture is fine.
Third, start with mercury ore. The mercury ore is first crushed and ground to a fine powder. Into the furnace, calcined at high temperature, so that the mercury is volatilized from the ore, condensed and collected. The collected mercury is combined with sulfur according to the first method to form mercury sulfide. The next step is the same as the second method, that is, it reacts with dioxygen under specific conditions to finally obtain one% mercury dioxane. Although this method is easy to obtain raw materials, there are many impurities in mercury ore, and the preliminary treatment is complicated. It needs to be purified many times to obtain a pure product.
What are the precautions for the storage and transportation of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene?
Mercury is a very toxic thing. During storage and transportation, many precautions must be taken.
First, when storing, it needs to be stored in a sturdy and airtight container. Mercury is volatile. If the container is not tight, mercury gas will escape and pervade the surroundings. If people inhale it, it will harm the body and damage the internal organs and meridians. Therefore, a well-made and well-sealed device must be selected to keep mercury safe.
Second, the place where it is placed should be a cool and dry place, and it should be kept away from fire and heat sources. Mercury evaporates rapidly when heated. If the fire is close to heat, the mercury gas will dissipate suddenly, and the disaster will be imminent. And the place should be well ventilated, so that in case of leakage of mercury gas, it can quickly disperse outside, so as not to accumulate and cause harm.
Third, during transportation, it is important to maintain stability. Mercury flows easily and spills, so it is necessary to ensure that the transportation equipment is smooth and free from vibration and collision. And the escort should be familiar with the characteristics and hazards of mercury and prepare emergency measures. If there is a leak, it should be properly disposed of immediately, so as not to cause it to disperse and cause disaster.
Fourth, whether it is stored or transported, the logo must be clear. Express words such as "toxic" and "volatile" make everyone aware of its danger and treat it with caution, so as not to accidentally touch or smell it, resulting in a disaster.
In short, the storage and transportation of mercury is related to the well-being of everyone and the well-being of the environment. Every detail must be treated with rigor. If there is a slight oversight, it will cause endless consequences.
First, when storing, it needs to be stored in a sturdy and airtight container. Mercury is volatile. If the container is not tight, mercury gas will escape and pervade the surroundings. If people inhale it, it will harm the body and damage the internal organs and meridians. Therefore, a well-made and well-sealed device must be selected to keep mercury safe.
Second, the place where it is placed should be a cool and dry place, and it should be kept away from fire and heat sources. Mercury evaporates rapidly when heated. If the fire is close to heat, the mercury gas will dissipate suddenly, and the disaster will be imminent. And the place should be well ventilated, so that in case of leakage of mercury gas, it can quickly disperse outside, so as not to accumulate and cause harm.
Third, during transportation, it is important to maintain stability. Mercury flows easily and spills, so it is necessary to ensure that the transportation equipment is smooth and free from vibration and collision. And the escort should be familiar with the characteristics and hazards of mercury and prepare emergency measures. If there is a leak, it should be properly disposed of immediately, so as not to cause it to disperse and cause disaster.
Fourth, whether it is stored or transported, the logo must be clear. Express words such as "toxic" and "volatile" make everyone aware of its danger and treat it with caution, so as not to accidentally touch or smell it, resulting in a disaster.
In short, the storage and transportation of mercury is related to the well-being of everyone and the well-being of the environment. Every detail must be treated with rigor. If there is a slight oversight, it will cause endless consequences.
What are the physical properties of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene?
The "two" mentioned by 1% 2C3 is a kind of toxic ore in ancient times. And "arsenite" is actually an oxide of arsenic, and the main component is arsenic trioxide.
The physical properties of the two "are rarely recorded in ancient books, but according to common sense, it is regarded as a solid form, or has a certain color and texture. Arsenite, on the other hand, is usually white, yellow or red powder, and there are also lumps, and the surface is often crystalline. Arsenite is relatively brittle in texture, and it is easy to break into small pieces or powder when tapped lightly.
In terms of density, arsenite has a high density, and it can be felt in the hand. In terms of hardness, arsenite has a low hardness, and it can be scratched lightly with fingernails, or it can leave marks. As for the second stone, although there is no exact record, it may be slightly harder than arsenite in terms of ore permeability.
Furthermore, the solubility of the two is also different. Arsenite is slightly soluble in water and slightly soluble in acid, while the solubility of the second stone in water should be even worse, or it can only be partially dissolved after a long time reaction in a specific strong acid environment.
In summary, although the data of the second stone is scarce, by comparing with the more well-known arsenite, its physical properties may be slightly understood in terms of morphology, density, hardness and solubility, which can help to explore the knowledge of ancient minerals.
The physical properties of the two "are rarely recorded in ancient books, but according to common sense, it is regarded as a solid form, or has a certain color and texture. Arsenite, on the other hand, is usually white, yellow or red powder, and there are also lumps, and the surface is often crystalline. Arsenite is relatively brittle in texture, and it is easy to break into small pieces or powder when tapped lightly.
In terms of density, arsenite has a high density, and it can be felt in the hand. In terms of hardness, arsenite has a low hardness, and it can be scratched lightly with fingernails, or it can leave marks. As for the second stone, although there is no exact record, it may be slightly harder than arsenite in terms of ore permeability.
Furthermore, the solubility of the two is also different. Arsenite is slightly soluble in water and slightly soluble in acid, while the solubility of the second stone in water should be even worse, or it can only be partially dissolved after a long time reaction in a specific strong acid environment.
In summary, although the data of the second stone is scarce, by comparing with the more well-known arsenite, its physical properties may be slightly understood in terms of morphology, density, hardness and solubility, which can help to explore the knowledge of ancient minerals.
What are the chemical properties of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene
The chemical properties of 1% 2C3 + - + dioxy + - + 4 + - + Tiff are as follows:
1% 2C3 - dioxy - 4 - Tiff, this physical property is strange and special. It has a certain stability. Under normal temperature, it is still stable and not easy to initiate violent changes. In case of specific chemical reagents, it can also develop its active state.
From the perspective of oxidation, in case of strong oxidants, 1% 2C3 - dioxy - 4 - Tiff can be oxidized. The power of strong oxidants, such as the attack of fire, can break the structure of its molecules, cause oxidation reactions, or cause its carbon chain to break, or cause its functional groups to mutate. Under appropriate reduction conditions, it can acquire electrons, showing the appearance of being reduced, and the molecular structure also changes accordingly, or the state of the functional group is different from the past.
When it comes to acidity and alkalinity, 1% 2C3-dioxy-4-tiff has atypical acid-base properties. However, in the acid-base environment, it may be affected by the transfer of protons or the change of electron clouds. In the case of strong acids and bases, although it is not like typical acids and bases, it may cause the rearrangement of electron clouds in the molecule, thereby changing the pathway and product of chemical reactions.
Furthermore, 1% 2C3-dioxy-4-tiff contains a specific functional group, which gives it unique reactivity. If a specific substitution reaction occurs, other atoms or groups can be substituted for atoms in a specific location in the molecule under suitable reaction conditions and reagents, thereby deriving a variety of derivatives, and their properties vary accordingly. These are all approximate chemical properties of 1% 2C3-dioxy-4-tiff. In fact, the beauty of chemistry needs to be fully demonstrated through careful experiments and investigations.
1% 2C3 - dioxy - 4 - Tiff, this physical property is strange and special. It has a certain stability. Under normal temperature, it is still stable and not easy to initiate violent changes. In case of specific chemical reagents, it can also develop its active state.
From the perspective of oxidation, in case of strong oxidants, 1% 2C3 - dioxy - 4 - Tiff can be oxidized. The power of strong oxidants, such as the attack of fire, can break the structure of its molecules, cause oxidation reactions, or cause its carbon chain to break, or cause its functional groups to mutate. Under appropriate reduction conditions, it can acquire electrons, showing the appearance of being reduced, and the molecular structure also changes accordingly, or the state of the functional group is different from the past.
When it comes to acidity and alkalinity, 1% 2C3-dioxy-4-tiff has atypical acid-base properties. However, in the acid-base environment, it may be affected by the transfer of protons or the change of electron clouds. In the case of strong acids and bases, although it is not like typical acids and bases, it may cause the rearrangement of electron clouds in the molecule, thereby changing the pathway and product of chemical reactions.
Furthermore, 1% 2C3-dioxy-4-tiff contains a specific functional group, which gives it unique reactivity. If a specific substitution reaction occurs, other atoms or groups can be substituted for atoms in a specific location in the molecule under suitable reaction conditions and reagents, thereby deriving a variety of derivatives, and their properties vary accordingly. These are all approximate chemical properties of 1% 2C3-dioxy-4-tiff. In fact, the beauty of chemistry needs to be fully demonstrated through careful experiments and investigations.
What are the main uses of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene?
What is the main use of 1% 2C3 - carbon dioxide - 4 - carbon dioxide? In "Heavenly Works", there is a reason for this.
For those who are used in ancient times, the use of the ancient. First, in the matter of dyeing, it can be dyed with dyes. Its color is bright, and it can dye cloth and other things, making it a bright color, and the color lasts for a long time, which is important to the dyer. Dyeing in ancient ways, crushed, soaked in water, take its juice, and soaked it with cloth, you can get a colored cloth, used for clothing, flags, etc.
Second, on the way to the road, it is also effective. Those who are ancient, know its nature and taste hard, can enter. It can break blood stasis and relieve pain. For chest and abdominal pain, human pain, arthralgia and other diseases, it is often treated with a combination of herbs. "Materia Medica" and other herbs also have the ability to use it.
Third, in terms of food consumption, it also has a role. It can be used as a flavor to increase the fragrance and taste of food. For cooking meat and soup, a little bit of sugar can remove the smell, make the taste more mellow, and can add the color of food.
Because of this, it has important uses in dyeing, cooking, eating, etc., and is indispensable in the lives of the ancients.
For those who are used in ancient times, the use of the ancient. First, in the matter of dyeing, it can be dyed with dyes. Its color is bright, and it can dye cloth and other things, making it a bright color, and the color lasts for a long time, which is important to the dyer. Dyeing in ancient ways, crushed, soaked in water, take its juice, and soaked it with cloth, you can get a colored cloth, used for clothing, flags, etc.
Second, on the way to the road, it is also effective. Those who are ancient, know its nature and taste hard, can enter. It can break blood stasis and relieve pain. For chest and abdominal pain, human pain, arthralgia and other diseases, it is often treated with a combination of herbs. "Materia Medica" and other herbs also have the ability to use it.
Third, in terms of food consumption, it also has a role. It can be used as a flavor to increase the fragrance and taste of food. For cooking meat and soup, a little bit of sugar can remove the smell, make the taste more mellow, and can add the color of food.
Because of this, it has important uses in dyeing, cooking, eating, etc., and is indispensable in the lives of the ancients.
What are the synthesis methods of 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene?
To prepare 1,3-diene-4-alkyne compounds, there are three methods.
One is the halogenated hydrocarbon elimination method. Using suitable halogenated olefins and halogenated alkynes as raw materials, select strong bases, such as sodium alcohol and sodium amide, and in suitable solvents, such as alcohol and liquid ammonia, to eliminate. The reason is that the strong base grabs the beta-hydrogen of the halogenated hydrocarbon, and the halogen ions leave, thus forming a carbon-carbon heavy bond. For example, 1-chloro-3-bromo-1-propane and 3-bromo-1-propane are used as materials, and the alcohol solution of sodium alcohol is used as the reaction medium. The temperature is moderately controlled. After elimination, 1,3-diene-4-alkyne can be obtained. This reaction should pay attention to the proportion of raw materials, the amount of base and the reaction temperature to prevent side reactions, such as excessive elimination of multi-bond polymerization.
The second is the coupling method of alkynes. Selecting terminal alkynes, such as propane, is treated with strong bases, such as sodium amide, to form alkynyl negative ions, and then reacts with halogenated olefins, such as 3-chloro-1-propene. The alkynyl negative ions have strong nucleophilicity and can undergo nucleophilic substitution with the carbon connected to the halogen atom of halogenated olefins, thereby forming the target product. During the reaction, the polarity of the solvent and the anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions of the reaction system are very important. Anhydrous and oxygen-free can prevent the hydrolysis and oxidation of alkynyl negative ions and ensure a smooth reaction. The raw materials for this method are easy to obtain, but the reaction conditions need to be strictly controlled to increase the yield.
The third Take the appropriate alkynne isomer as the starting material and carry out the isomerization reaction under the action of a suitable catalyst. If a transition metal catalyst, such as palladium and nickel complexes, can be used under specific ligand and reaction conditions to rearrange the double bond and triple bond positions of alkynne to generate 1,3-diene-4-alkynes. This method requires high catalysts, and suitable catalysts and reaction conditions need to be screened to improve selectivity and yield, and the cost of catalysts may affect industrial applications.
One is the halogenated hydrocarbon elimination method. Using suitable halogenated olefins and halogenated alkynes as raw materials, select strong bases, such as sodium alcohol and sodium amide, and in suitable solvents, such as alcohol and liquid ammonia, to eliminate. The reason is that the strong base grabs the beta-hydrogen of the halogenated hydrocarbon, and the halogen ions leave, thus forming a carbon-carbon heavy bond. For example, 1-chloro-3-bromo-1-propane and 3-bromo-1-propane are used as materials, and the alcohol solution of sodium alcohol is used as the reaction medium. The temperature is moderately controlled. After elimination, 1,3-diene-4-alkyne can be obtained. This reaction should pay attention to the proportion of raw materials, the amount of base and the reaction temperature to prevent side reactions, such as excessive elimination of multi-bond polymerization.
The second is the coupling method of alkynes. Selecting terminal alkynes, such as propane, is treated with strong bases, such as sodium amide, to form alkynyl negative ions, and then reacts with halogenated olefins, such as 3-chloro-1-propene. The alkynyl negative ions have strong nucleophilicity and can undergo nucleophilic substitution with the carbon connected to the halogen atom of halogenated olefins, thereby forming the target product. During the reaction, the polarity of the solvent and the anhydrous and oxygen-free conditions of the reaction system are very important. Anhydrous and oxygen-free can prevent the hydrolysis and oxidation of alkynyl negative ions and ensure a smooth reaction. The raw materials for this method are easy to obtain, but the reaction conditions need to be strictly controlled to increase the yield.
The third Take the appropriate alkynne isomer as the starting material and carry out the isomerization reaction under the action of a suitable catalyst. If a transition metal catalyst, such as palladium and nickel complexes, can be used under specific ligand and reaction conditions to rearrange the double bond and triple bond positions of alkynne to generate 1,3-diene-4-alkynes. This method requires high catalysts, and suitable catalysts and reaction conditions need to be screened to improve selectivity and yield, and the cost of catalysts may affect industrial applications.
What are the precautions for storing and transporting 1,3-dichloro-4-iodobenzene?
Mercury is a mercurial and changeable person, and many matters need to be paid attention to in the way of storage and transportation.
Before storage, you must find a closed and solid vessel. The cover mercury is easy to evaporate. If there are cracks in the vessel, the mercury gas will escape, which will not only pollute the environment, but also endanger the human body. Therefore, the tight fitting of the vessel is the first priority for storage. And the mercury is heavy, the vessel must be able to bear its weight and not leak.
Furthermore, the storage place should be cool and dry. Mercury evaporates rapidly when heated. If it is in a place of high temperature, the mercury gas will be diffused, and the disaster will be great. And it is easy to rust the vessel in a wet place, causing mercury leakage. Therefore, choose a cool and dry place to store mercury.
As for the time of transportation, the package must be carefully packed. First, use a thick material to line the outside of the container to prevent it from bumping and colliding. And the handler should be careful not to tilt the mercury container. If there is a slight carelessness on the way, the mercury will be difficult to collect, and the consequences will be endless.
In addition, mercury is toxic, and those who store and transport it must be well aware of the dangers of mercury and abide by the procedures. When handling it, it is well protected. Do not let mercury touch the body, enter the eyes, or enter through the mouth and nose. If there is any carelessness, seek medical treatment quickly.
All these things should be paid attention to during the storage and transportation of mercury. Only with caution can we keep mercury safe and avoid disasters.
Before storage, you must find a closed and solid vessel. The cover mercury is easy to evaporate. If there are cracks in the vessel, the mercury gas will escape, which will not only pollute the environment, but also endanger the human body. Therefore, the tight fitting of the vessel is the first priority for storage. And the mercury is heavy, the vessel must be able to bear its weight and not leak.
Furthermore, the storage place should be cool and dry. Mercury evaporates rapidly when heated. If it is in a place of high temperature, the mercury gas will be diffused, and the disaster will be great. And it is easy to rust the vessel in a wet place, causing mercury leakage. Therefore, choose a cool and dry place to store mercury.
As for the time of transportation, the package must be carefully packed. First, use a thick material to line the outside of the container to prevent it from bumping and colliding. And the handler should be careful not to tilt the mercury container. If there is a slight carelessness on the way, the mercury will be difficult to collect, and the consequences will be endless.
In addition, mercury is toxic, and those who store and transport it must be well aware of the dangers of mercury and abide by the procedures. When handling it, it is well protected. Do not let mercury touch the body, enter the eyes, or enter through the mouth and nose. If there is any carelessness, seek medical treatment quickly.
All these things should be paid attention to during the storage and transportation of mercury. Only with caution can we keep mercury safe and avoid disasters.
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