Linshang Chemical
PRODUCTS
1-Chloro-2-Hydroxybenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
405513 |
| Chemical Formula | C6H5ClO |
| Molar Mass | 128.555 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless to light yellow liquid |
| Boiling Point | 214 - 216 °C |
| Melting Point | 8 - 10 °C |
| Density | 1.37 g/cm³ |
| Solubility In Water | Slightly soluble |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in ethanol, ether, etc. |
| Odor | Pungent |
| Flash Point | 97 °C |
As an accredited 1-Chloro-2-Hydroxybenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 1 - chloro - 2 - hydroxybenzene: Packed in 5 - kg containers for secure storage and transport. |
| Storage | 1 - Chloro - 2 - hydroxybenzene should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area, away from direct sunlight. Keep it in a tightly sealed container to prevent evaporation and contact with moisture or air. Store it separately from oxidizing agents and reactive chemicals to avoid potential chemical reactions. This storage approach helps maintain its stability and safety. |
| Shipping | 1 - Chloro - 2 - hydroxybenzene should be shipped in tightly sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It must be transported in accordance with hazardous chemical regulations, ensuring proper labeling and handling to prevent leakage and environmental or safety risks. |
Competitive 1-Chloro-2-Hydroxybenzene prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
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What are the main uses of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene?
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, also known as o-chlorophenol, is widely used. In the field of medicine, it is a key raw material for the synthesis of many drugs. Due to the chemical structure of o-chlorophenol, it can participate in the construction of many drug molecules and help drugs obtain specific pharmacological activities. For example, in the preparation of some antibacterial drugs, o-chlorophenol is used as a starting material. After a series of delicate chemical reactions, it can be converted into an active ingredient with antibacterial effect, contributing to human resistance to the invasion of pathogens.
In the pesticide industry, o-chlorophenol also plays an important role. It can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of pesticides. The preparation of pesticides requires precise chemical synthesis. O-chlorophenol can react ingeniously with other compounds by virtue of its own chemical properties to generate highly efficient and low-toxic pesticide products. Such pesticides can effectively control crop diseases and insect pests, ensure the thriving growth of crops, and then ensure a bumper grain harvest and maintain the stable development of agriculture.
Furthermore, in the dye industry, o-chlorophenol also plays an indispensable role. It can be used to synthesize a variety of dyes with bright color and good stability. The special structure of o-chlorophenol gives the dye good dyeing properties during the dye synthesis process, such as color fastness and leveling. The dyes synthesized with it are widely used in textile, printing and dyeing and other industries, adding brilliant colors to people's lives.
In addition, in the field of polymer materials such as rubber and plastics, o-chlorophenol can be used as an auxiliary agent. It can improve the properties of polymer materials, such as enhancing the anti-aging properties of rubber and improving the processing properties of plastics. In this way, the service life of rubber and plastic products can be extended and their application range can be broadened. In short, 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene has important uses in many industrial fields and is of great significance to promote the development of various industries.
In the pesticide industry, o-chlorophenol also plays an important role. It can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of pesticides. The preparation of pesticides requires precise chemical synthesis. O-chlorophenol can react ingeniously with other compounds by virtue of its own chemical properties to generate highly efficient and low-toxic pesticide products. Such pesticides can effectively control crop diseases and insect pests, ensure the thriving growth of crops, and then ensure a bumper grain harvest and maintain the stable development of agriculture.
Furthermore, in the dye industry, o-chlorophenol also plays an indispensable role. It can be used to synthesize a variety of dyes with bright color and good stability. The special structure of o-chlorophenol gives the dye good dyeing properties during the dye synthesis process, such as color fastness and leveling. The dyes synthesized with it are widely used in textile, printing and dyeing and other industries, adding brilliant colors to people's lives.
In addition, in the field of polymer materials such as rubber and plastics, o-chlorophenol can be used as an auxiliary agent. It can improve the properties of polymer materials, such as enhancing the anti-aging properties of rubber and improving the processing properties of plastics. In this way, the service life of rubber and plastic products can be extended and their application range can be broadened. In short, 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene has important uses in many industrial fields and is of great significance to promote the development of various industries.
What are the physical properties of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene?
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, also known as o-chlorophenol, has many physical properties. Looking at its shape, at room temperature, it is a colorless to yellow-brown liquid, like a smart water, but it has a unique state. Smell its smell, it has a strong and pungent smell, like a spicy music note jumping in the air, straight into the nasal cavity, which is impressive.
As for its melting point, the melting point is 9.5 ° C, which is like a delicate boundary. When the temperature crosses this line, solid o-chlorophenol gradually converts into a liquid state. The boiling point is 174.5 ° C. At high temperature, liquid o-chlorophenol will transform into a gaseous state, realizing the transformation of the physical state.
Solubility is also one of its important physical properties. O-chlorophenol is slightly soluble in water, and it is like a shy guest in water, only willing to give a little blend. However, in organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers, it is like a duck in water, easily soluble, showing good solubility.
In terms of density, it is about 1.263 (20/4 ° C), which is slightly heavier than common water. In experimental operations, this characteristic also needs to be paid attention to. In addition, the physical constants such as vapor pressure and refractive index of o-chlorophenol also have a profound impact on its application in various fields, providing an important reference for scientific research and industrial practice.
As for its melting point, the melting point is 9.5 ° C, which is like a delicate boundary. When the temperature crosses this line, solid o-chlorophenol gradually converts into a liquid state. The boiling point is 174.5 ° C. At high temperature, liquid o-chlorophenol will transform into a gaseous state, realizing the transformation of the physical state.
Solubility is also one of its important physical properties. O-chlorophenol is slightly soluble in water, and it is like a shy guest in water, only willing to give a little blend. However, in organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers, it is like a duck in water, easily soluble, showing good solubility.
In terms of density, it is about 1.263 (20/4 ° C), which is slightly heavier than common water. In experimental operations, this characteristic also needs to be paid attention to. In addition, the physical constants such as vapor pressure and refractive index of o-chlorophenol also have a profound impact on its application in various fields, providing an important reference for scientific research and industrial practice.
Is 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene chemically stable?
1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is o-chlorophenol, and its chemical properties are relatively active and not very stable.
In the o-chlorophenol molecule, the chlorine atom and the hydroxyl group are directly connected to the benzene ring. The hydroxyl group acts as the donator group, which will increase the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, especially in the ortho and para-position of the hydroxyl group, making the benzene ring more prone to electrophilic substitution. For example, under appropriate conditions, it can react with bromine water, and the bromine atom will preferentially replace the hydrogen atom of the ortho and para-position of the hydroxyl group to form the corresponding brominated product.
Although the chlorine atom is an electron-withdrawing group, because of its lone pair of electrons, there is a p-π conjugation effect with the benzene ring, which also affects the reactivity of the benzene ring and the stability of the substance to a certain extent. From the overall structure, the interaction between this conjugation and the induction effect makes the molecule in a relatively active state.
Furthermore, the hydrogen atom in the hydroxyl group has a certain acidity, which is due to the large electronegativity of the oxygen atom, which enhances the polarity of the O-H bond, and the hydrogen atom is more likely to leave in the form of protons, thus participating in acid-base related chemical reactions, further indicating that its chemical properties are not stable.
O-chlorophenol due to the electronic effect of the substituents on the phenyl ring, coupled with the acidity of the hydroxy hydrogen, makes its chemical properties more active and poor stability. It is necessary to pay attention to various reactions that may occur when storing and using it.
In the o-chlorophenol molecule, the chlorine atom and the hydroxyl group are directly connected to the benzene ring. The hydroxyl group acts as the donator group, which will increase the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, especially in the ortho and para-position of the hydroxyl group, making the benzene ring more prone to electrophilic substitution. For example, under appropriate conditions, it can react with bromine water, and the bromine atom will preferentially replace the hydrogen atom of the ortho and para-position of the hydroxyl group to form the corresponding brominated product.
Although the chlorine atom is an electron-withdrawing group, because of its lone pair of electrons, there is a p-π conjugation effect with the benzene ring, which also affects the reactivity of the benzene ring and the stability of the substance to a certain extent. From the overall structure, the interaction between this conjugation and the induction effect makes the molecule in a relatively active state.
Furthermore, the hydrogen atom in the hydroxyl group has a certain acidity, which is due to the large electronegativity of the oxygen atom, which enhances the polarity of the O-H bond, and the hydrogen atom is more likely to leave in the form of protons, thus participating in acid-base related chemical reactions, further indicating that its chemical properties are not stable.
O-chlorophenol due to the electronic effect of the substituents on the phenyl ring, coupled with the acidity of the hydroxy hydrogen, makes its chemical properties more active and poor stability. It is necessary to pay attention to various reactions that may occur when storing and using it.
What are 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene synthesis methods?
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, also known as o-chlorophenol, is prepared by many methods, and the following are common ones.
First, it starts with o-chloroaniline and is obtained by diazotization and hydrolysis. Take o-chloroaniline first, make it interact with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid, and carry out a diazotization reaction at low temperature to obtain o-chloro diazobenzene hydrochloride. This diazosalt is extremely unstable, so it needs to be immediately co-heated with hot dilute sulfuric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid to hydrolyze it, and the diazoyl group is then replaced by a hydroxyl group to obtain 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. The reaction steps in this way are clear, but the diazotization reaction needs to be strictly controlled at temperature to prevent the decomposition of diazonium salts and cause accidents.
Second, sodium o-chlorophenol is used as raw material and can be obtained by acidification. React phenol with sodium hydroxide to form a solution of sodium phenol, and then pass chlorine gas to obtain a mixture of sodium o-chlorophenol and sodium p-chlorophenol through chlorination reaction. Taking advantage of the difference in solubility between the two, pure sodium o-chlorophenol is separated and purified, and then acidified with dilute sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, and sodium o-chlorophenol is converted into 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. The raw materials in this way are common and the operation is relatively simple. However, when separating sodium o-chlorophenol and sodium p-chlorophenol, exquisite skills are required to ensure
Third, o-dichlorobenzene is used as the starting material and is hydrolyzed. Under high temperature and pressure and the presence of a catalyst, o-dichlorobenzene and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution are heated together, and the monochlorine atom is replaced by a hydroxyl group to generate 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. The reaction conditions are harsh and specific equipment is required to withstand high temperature and pressure, but its atomic utilization rate is quite high and it is more friendly to the environment.
All these methods have advantages and disadvantages. In actual preparation, the appropriate method needs to be carefully selected according to factors such as raw material availability, cost, and product requirements.
First, it starts with o-chloroaniline and is obtained by diazotization and hydrolysis. Take o-chloroaniline first, make it interact with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid, and carry out a diazotization reaction at low temperature to obtain o-chloro diazobenzene hydrochloride. This diazosalt is extremely unstable, so it needs to be immediately co-heated with hot dilute sulfuric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid to hydrolyze it, and the diazoyl group is then replaced by a hydroxyl group to obtain 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. The reaction steps in this way are clear, but the diazotization reaction needs to be strictly controlled at temperature to prevent the decomposition of diazonium salts and cause accidents.
Second, sodium o-chlorophenol is used as raw material and can be obtained by acidification. React phenol with sodium hydroxide to form a solution of sodium phenol, and then pass chlorine gas to obtain a mixture of sodium o-chlorophenol and sodium p-chlorophenol through chlorination reaction. Taking advantage of the difference in solubility between the two, pure sodium o-chlorophenol is separated and purified, and then acidified with dilute sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, and sodium o-chlorophenol is converted into 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. The raw materials in this way are common and the operation is relatively simple. However, when separating sodium o-chlorophenol and sodium p-chlorophenol, exquisite skills are required to ensure
Third, o-dichlorobenzene is used as the starting material and is hydrolyzed. Under high temperature and pressure and the presence of a catalyst, o-dichlorobenzene and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution are heated together, and the monochlorine atom is replaced by a hydroxyl group to generate 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. The reaction conditions are harsh and specific equipment is required to withstand high temperature and pressure, but its atomic utilization rate is quite high and it is more friendly to the environment.
All these methods have advantages and disadvantages. In actual preparation, the appropriate method needs to be carefully selected according to factors such as raw material availability, cost, and product requirements.
1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene need to pay attention to when storing and transporting
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is also an organic compound. During its storage and transportation, many matters must not be ignored.
First word storage. This substance should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse. The cover is dangerous due to heat, and if it is exposed to high temperature, or chemical changes occur, it may even cause safety. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within an appropriate range and should not be too high. And it must be kept away from fire and heat sources. Open flames and hot topics can cause it to change.
Furthermore, it should be stored separately from oxidizing agents, acids, bases, etc., and must not be mixed. Because of its active chemical properties, it encounters with their substances, or reacts violently, causing the disaster of explosion and combustion. When storing, make sure that the container is well sealed to prevent leakage. If there is leakage, it will not only damage the substance itself, but also pollute the environment and harm the surrounding objects.
As for transportation, caution is also required. Before transportation, it is necessary to carefully check whether the packaging is complete and sealed. If the packaging is damaged, it is easy to leak during transportation. When transporting, the vehicles selected should also be careful to ensure that the vehicles are well ventilated and have no residues that are easy to react with. Transportation personnel should also be familiar with its characteristics and emergency treatment methods. If there is an emergency on the way, they can properly deal with it. During transportation, it is necessary to avoid sun exposure, rain exposure and high temperature. In this way, the safety of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene during storage and transportation can be guaranteed, and accidents can be avoided.
First word storage. This substance should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse. The cover is dangerous due to heat, and if it is exposed to high temperature, or chemical changes occur, it may even cause safety. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within an appropriate range and should not be too high. And it must be kept away from fire and heat sources. Open flames and hot topics can cause it to change.
Furthermore, it should be stored separately from oxidizing agents, acids, bases, etc., and must not be mixed. Because of its active chemical properties, it encounters with their substances, or reacts violently, causing the disaster of explosion and combustion. When storing, make sure that the container is well sealed to prevent leakage. If there is leakage, it will not only damage the substance itself, but also pollute the environment and harm the surrounding objects.
As for transportation, caution is also required. Before transportation, it is necessary to carefully check whether the packaging is complete and sealed. If the packaging is damaged, it is easy to leak during transportation. When transporting, the vehicles selected should also be careful to ensure that the vehicles are well ventilated and have no residues that are easy to react with. Transportation personnel should also be familiar with its characteristics and emergency treatment methods. If there is an emergency on the way, they can properly deal with it. During transportation, it is necessary to avoid sun exposure, rain exposure and high temperature. In this way, the safety of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene during storage and transportation can be guaranteed, and accidents can be avoided.
What is the Chinese name of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene?
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, which can be called "monochloro-o-hydroxybenzene" in classical Chinese books like Tiangong Kaiwu. The ancient chemical nomenclature is not as accurate as today's system, but it can be speculated according to its structural characteristics and traditional naming habits.
"1-chloro" refers to a chlorine atom occupying one place on the benzene ring. "2-hydroxy", the hydroxyl group is in two positions. In the ancient sense, the chlorine atom is a substituent formed by halogen elements, which can be expressed as "halogenated"; the hydroxyl group, which contains hydroxyl groups, also has corresponding names in traditional chemical cognition.
The structure of this compound is based on the benzene ring, and the chlorine and hydroxyl groups occupy the ortho-position. Although the ancients did not have modern accurate structural knowledge, they may have expressed it in simple words according to their functional groups and relative positions. For example, "benzenes with ortho-halogenated and hydroxyl groups" are named by the ancients because of the characteristics and relative relationship of constant heavy functional groups. Although there is no exact ancient name correspondence, it can be deduced logically, or it can be close to the ancients' ideographic habit.
"1-chloro" refers to a chlorine atom occupying one place on the benzene ring. "2-hydroxy", the hydroxyl group is in two positions. In the ancient sense, the chlorine atom is a substituent formed by halogen elements, which can be expressed as "halogenated"; the hydroxyl group, which contains hydroxyl groups, also has corresponding names in traditional chemical cognition.
The structure of this compound is based on the benzene ring, and the chlorine and hydroxyl groups occupy the ortho-position. Although the ancients did not have modern accurate structural knowledge, they may have expressed it in simple words according to their functional groups and relative positions. For example, "benzenes with ortho-halogenated and hydroxyl groups" are named by the ancients because of the characteristics and relative relationship of constant heavy functional groups. Although there is no exact ancient name correspondence, it can be deduced logically, or it can be close to the ancients' ideographic habit.
What are the main uses of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene?
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, also known as o-chlorophenol, has a wide range of uses.
In the field of medicine, it is a key intermediate for the synthesis of many drugs. For example, in the preparation of some antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, o-chlorophenol can participate in specific reaction steps, and through a series of chemical transformations, it can build a drug active structure to escort human health.
In terms of pesticides, it can be used as an important raw material for the synthesis of a variety of high-efficiency pesticides. It can be used to synthesize pesticide products with insecticidal, bactericidal, herbicide and other effects to help agricultural production, resist pest attacks, improve crop yield and quality, and protect the field harvest.
In the dye industry, o-chlorophenol also plays an important role. It can be used as a starting material for the synthesis of specific dyes. Through complex chemical reactions, dyes with rich colors and excellent properties are generated, providing colorful colors for textile, printing and dyeing and other industries, making fabrics appear colorful.
In the field of rubber additives, it can be used to make certain rubber antioxidants, accelerators, etc. These additives can improve the properties of rubber products, such as enhancing their anti-oxidation and anti-aging capabilities, prolonging the service life of rubber products, and are of great significance in the production of rubber products such as tires and hoses.
In addition, in other fine chemical fields such as fragrance synthesis, o-chlorophenol also plays a unique role, participating in the synthesis of some fragrance components with special aroma, adding a different fragrance to the fragrance industry. Overall, 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene has critical uses in many chemical-related industries, driving the development and progress of various industries.
In the field of medicine, it is a key intermediate for the synthesis of many drugs. For example, in the preparation of some antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, o-chlorophenol can participate in specific reaction steps, and through a series of chemical transformations, it can build a drug active structure to escort human health.
In terms of pesticides, it can be used as an important raw material for the synthesis of a variety of high-efficiency pesticides. It can be used to synthesize pesticide products with insecticidal, bactericidal, herbicide and other effects to help agricultural production, resist pest attacks, improve crop yield and quality, and protect the field harvest.
In the dye industry, o-chlorophenol also plays an important role. It can be used as a starting material for the synthesis of specific dyes. Through complex chemical reactions, dyes with rich colors and excellent properties are generated, providing colorful colors for textile, printing and dyeing and other industries, making fabrics appear colorful.
In the field of rubber additives, it can be used to make certain rubber antioxidants, accelerators, etc. These additives can improve the properties of rubber products, such as enhancing their anti-oxidation and anti-aging capabilities, prolonging the service life of rubber products, and are of great significance in the production of rubber products such as tires and hoses.
In addition, in other fine chemical fields such as fragrance synthesis, o-chlorophenol also plays a unique role, participating in the synthesis of some fragrance components with special aroma, adding a different fragrance to the fragrance industry. Overall, 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene has critical uses in many chemical-related industries, driving the development and progress of various industries.
What are the physical properties of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene?
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, also known as o-chlorophenol, is an organic compound. This substance has unique physical properties and can be described one by one.
Looking at its properties, under room temperature and pressure, 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is colorless to light yellow liquid, and may be a crystalline solid, accompanied by the pungent odor unique to phenolic substances.
When it comes to the melting point, its melting point is about 7 ° C, and the boiling point is 174-175 ° C. This melting and boiling point characteristic makes the substance mostly in liquid form at room temperature, but it is easy to crystallize and solidify when the temperature drops slightly.
Let's talk about solubility again. 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is slightly soluble in water, but can be miscible with organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform in any ratio. This difference in solubility is due to its molecular structure. The molecule contains both hydrophilic hydroxyl groups and hydrophobic chlorine atoms and benzene rings. The coexistence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups makes it limited in solubility in water, but easily soluble in organic solvents.
As for the density, the density of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is slightly higher than that of water, about 1.265g/cm ³. When mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom of the water.
In addition, the vapor pressure of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is lower at room temperature, and the volatility is relatively small. However, when heated or in a poorly ventilated environment, its vapor can still accumulate in the air, so it is necessary to pay attention.
In summary, the physical properties of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, such as its properties, melting point, solubility, density, and vapor pressure, have an important impact on its storage, transportation, and use. When operating, it is necessary to deal with it reasonably according to its characteristics.
Looking at its properties, under room temperature and pressure, 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is colorless to light yellow liquid, and may be a crystalline solid, accompanied by the pungent odor unique to phenolic substances.
When it comes to the melting point, its melting point is about 7 ° C, and the boiling point is 174-175 ° C. This melting and boiling point characteristic makes the substance mostly in liquid form at room temperature, but it is easy to crystallize and solidify when the temperature drops slightly.
Let's talk about solubility again. 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is slightly soluble in water, but can be miscible with organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform in any ratio. This difference in solubility is due to its molecular structure. The molecule contains both hydrophilic hydroxyl groups and hydrophobic chlorine atoms and benzene rings. The coexistence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups makes it limited in solubility in water, but easily soluble in organic solvents.
As for the density, the density of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is slightly higher than that of water, about 1.265g/cm ³. When mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom of the water.
In addition, the vapor pressure of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene is lower at room temperature, and the volatility is relatively small. However, when heated or in a poorly ventilated environment, its vapor can still accumulate in the air, so it is necessary to pay attention.
In summary, the physical properties of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, such as its properties, melting point, solubility, density, and vapor pressure, have an important impact on its storage, transportation, and use. When operating, it is necessary to deal with it reasonably according to its characteristics.
What are the chemical properties of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene?
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, also known as o-chlorophenol, is an organic compound. Its chemical properties are unique, let me explain in detail for you.
First talk about the properties of its phenolic hydroxyl groups. Phenolic hydroxyl groups are weakly acidic and can react with strong bases such as sodium hydroxide to form phenolic salts and water. This is because the solitary pair electrons of the oxygen atoms in the phenolic hydroxyl group form a conjugated system with the phenolic ring, resulting in enhanced hydrogen-oxygen bond polarity, and hydrogen atoms are more likely to leave in the form of protons.
Furthermore, the properties of its phenyl ring are also critical. Phenyl rings are aromatic and prone to electrophilic substitution reactions. Due to the fact that the hydroxyl group is an ortho-and para-site locator, and the chlorine atom is also an ortho-and para-site locator, the positioning effect of the two is superimposed, which increases the density of electron clouds in the ortho-and para-site of the benzene ring, and is more susceptible to attack by electrophilic reagents. For example, it can react with bromine water to introduce bromine atoms into the ortho-and para-site of the benzene ring to form bromogenic products.
In addition, its chlorine atoms also have reactivity. Under appropriate conditions, such as alkaline environment and heating, chlorine atoms can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions and be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents such as hydroxyl groups and amino groups to form new compounds.
And because there are hydroxyl groups in its molecules, it can participate in esterification reactions. If it is combined with carboxy The chemical properties of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene are rich and diverse, and it is widely used in the field of organic synthesis. It can be converted into many useful compounds through various reactions.
First talk about the properties of its phenolic hydroxyl groups. Phenolic hydroxyl groups are weakly acidic and can react with strong bases such as sodium hydroxide to form phenolic salts and water. This is because the solitary pair electrons of the oxygen atoms in the phenolic hydroxyl group form a conjugated system with the phenolic ring, resulting in enhanced hydrogen-oxygen bond polarity, and hydrogen atoms are more likely to leave in the form of protons.
Furthermore, the properties of its phenyl ring are also critical. Phenyl rings are aromatic and prone to electrophilic substitution reactions. Due to the fact that the hydroxyl group is an ortho-and para-site locator, and the chlorine atom is also an ortho-and para-site locator, the positioning effect of the two is superimposed, which increases the density of electron clouds in the ortho-and para-site of the benzene ring, and is more susceptible to attack by electrophilic reagents. For example, it can react with bromine water to introduce bromine atoms into the ortho-and para-site of the benzene ring to form bromogenic products.
In addition, its chlorine atoms also have reactivity. Under appropriate conditions, such as alkaline environment and heating, chlorine atoms can undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions and be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents such as hydroxyl groups and amino groups to form new compounds.
And because there are hydroxyl groups in its molecules, it can participate in esterification reactions. If it is combined with carboxy The chemical properties of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene are rich and diverse, and it is widely used in the field of organic synthesis. It can be converted into many useful compounds through various reactions.
What are the preparation methods of 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene?
1-Chloro-2-hydroxybenzene, also known as o-chlorophenol, is prepared in several ways.
First, it is obtained by diazotization and hydrolysis with o-chloroaniline as the starting material. First take o-chloroaniline, dissolve it in an appropriate amount of dilute acid, and cool it to a low temperature, generally about 0-5 ° C. Slowly add sodium nitrite solution, perform a diazotization reaction to obtain o-chlorobenzene diazosalt solution. Then drop this solution into a hot dilute sulfuric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid solution, heat hydrolysis, and escape nitrogen to obtain 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. This step is slightly complicated, but the product is relatively pure.
Second, phenol is used as raw material and is prepared by chlorination. The phenol is placed in a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane, cooled to a certain extent, and chlorine is introduced to control the reaction temperature and time. Because the phenol hydroxyl group is an ortho-and para-site group, chlorine is easily substituted in the ortho-site, and 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene can be obtained. However, this process is often accompanied by side reactions such as para-substitution, and the product needs to be carefully separated and purified to increase purity.
Third, with o-cresol as the starting material, it is first halogenated and then demethylated. Under appropriate conditions, o-cresol reacts with a halogenating agent to introduce chlorine atoms, and then through the demethylation step, the methyl group is removed and converted into 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. This way, the source of raw materials is relatively wide, but the reaction conditions may be more severe, and the demethylation step also needs to find an efficient method to achieve good yield and purity.
All kinds of production methods have advantages and disadvantages. In actual preparation, when considering factors such as raw material availability, cost, and product requirements, carefully weigh and choose the appropriate method.
First, it is obtained by diazotization and hydrolysis with o-chloroaniline as the starting material. First take o-chloroaniline, dissolve it in an appropriate amount of dilute acid, and cool it to a low temperature, generally about 0-5 ° C. Slowly add sodium nitrite solution, perform a diazotization reaction to obtain o-chlorobenzene diazosalt solution. Then drop this solution into a hot dilute sulfuric acid or dilute hydrochloric acid solution, heat hydrolysis, and escape nitrogen to obtain 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. This step is slightly complicated, but the product is relatively pure.
Second, phenol is used as raw material and is prepared by chlorination. The phenol is placed in a suitable solvent, such as dichloromethane, cooled to a certain extent, and chlorine is introduced to control the reaction temperature and time. Because the phenol hydroxyl group is an ortho-and para-site group, chlorine is easily substituted in the ortho-site, and 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene can be obtained. However, this process is often accompanied by side reactions such as para-substitution, and the product needs to be carefully separated and purified to increase purity.
Third, with o-cresol as the starting material, it is first halogenated and then demethylated. Under appropriate conditions, o-cresol reacts with a halogenating agent to introduce chlorine atoms, and then through the demethylation step, the methyl group is removed and converted into 1-chloro-2-hydroxybenzene. This way, the source of raw materials is relatively wide, but the reaction conditions may be more severe, and the demethylation step also needs to find an efficient method to achieve good yield and purity.
All kinds of production methods have advantages and disadvantages. In actual preparation, when considering factors such as raw material availability, cost, and product requirements, carefully weigh and choose the appropriate method.
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