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1-Chloro-3-Ethynylbenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
740132 |
| Chemical Formula | C8H5Cl |
| Molecular Weight | 136.58 g/mol |
| Appearance | Liquid (expected, based on similar compounds) |
| Solubility In Water | Insoluble (due to non - polar nature of aromatic and ethynyl groups) |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in common organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, dichloromethane |
| Odor | Aromatic odor (characteristic of benzene derivatives) |
As an accredited 1-Chloro-3-Ethynylbenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 100g of 1 - chloro - 3 - ethynylbenzene packaged in a sealed, labeled bottle. |
| Storage | 1 - Chloro - 3 - ethynylbenzene should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area away from sources of ignition. Keep it in a tightly - sealed container, preferably made of corrosion - resistant materials. Store it separately from oxidizing agents and incompatible substances to prevent reactions. Avoid exposure to direct sunlight and high temperatures to maintain its stability. |
| Shipping | 1 - Chloro - 3 - ethynylbenzene, a potentially hazardous chemical, must be shipped in accordance with strict regulations. It should be in well - sealed, appropriate containers, clearly labeled, and transported by carriers approved for handling such chemicals. |
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What are the main uses of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene?
1-Chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is a substance that has attracted much attention in the field of organic compounds. It has a wide range of uses and plays a key role in many fields.
Bear the brunt. In the field of organic synthesis, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is an important intermediate. With its unique molecular structure, chlorine atoms and acetylene groups have high reactivity. For example, in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, chlorine atoms can react with various organometallic reagents to achieve carbon-carbon bonding. This property allows chemists to use it to synthesize more complex and diverse organic molecules, such as new drug molecular skeletons, or organic materials with special photoelectric properties. By cleverly designing reaction paths and using their reactions with different reagents, target compounds can be precisely constructed, which greatly enriches the strategies and means of organic synthesis.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene also has outstanding performance. Due to the presence of ethynyl groups, it can participate in the construction of polymer materials through polymerization reactions. The resulting polymer materials may have unique physical and chemical properties, such as excellent electrical conductivity, thermal stability or mechanical properties. For example, in the preparation of conductive polymer materials, the introduction of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene into the polymer backbone may be able to adjust the electronic structure of the material, thereby improving its electrical conductivity, providing a new possible path for the development of new conductive materials.
In addition, in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has also emerged. Its special structure can be integrated into drug molecules as pharmacophore or connecting fragments. Some studies have shown that compounds containing similar structures may exhibit high affinity and biological activity to specific biological targets. This provides new ideas for drug developers. When designing new drug molecules, consider introducing 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene structural units, which may be able to develop innovative drugs with better efficacy and fewer side effects.
In summary, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene occupies a pivotal position in many important fields such as organic synthesis, materials science, and medicinal chemistry due to its unique structure. It provides a key material basis and research direction for scientific research and technological innovation in various fields.
Bear the brunt. In the field of organic synthesis, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is an important intermediate. With its unique molecular structure, chlorine atoms and acetylene groups have high reactivity. For example, in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, chlorine atoms can react with various organometallic reagents to achieve carbon-carbon bonding. This property allows chemists to use it to synthesize more complex and diverse organic molecules, such as new drug molecular skeletons, or organic materials with special photoelectric properties. By cleverly designing reaction paths and using their reactions with different reagents, target compounds can be precisely constructed, which greatly enriches the strategies and means of organic synthesis.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene also has outstanding performance. Due to the presence of ethynyl groups, it can participate in the construction of polymer materials through polymerization reactions. The resulting polymer materials may have unique physical and chemical properties, such as excellent electrical conductivity, thermal stability or mechanical properties. For example, in the preparation of conductive polymer materials, the introduction of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene into the polymer backbone may be able to adjust the electronic structure of the material, thereby improving its electrical conductivity, providing a new possible path for the development of new conductive materials.
In addition, in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has also emerged. Its special structure can be integrated into drug molecules as pharmacophore or connecting fragments. Some studies have shown that compounds containing similar structures may exhibit high affinity and biological activity to specific biological targets. This provides new ideas for drug developers. When designing new drug molecules, consider introducing 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene structural units, which may be able to develop innovative drugs with better efficacy and fewer side effects.
In summary, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene occupies a pivotal position in many important fields such as organic synthesis, materials science, and medicinal chemistry due to its unique structure. It provides a key material basis and research direction for scientific research and technological innovation in various fields.
What are the physical properties of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene?
1-Chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is an organic compound. Its physical properties are briefly described below.
First of all, its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is colorless to light yellow liquid, clear and transparent, and its flowing state can be seen, like the water of a stream, although it does not have a magnificent posture, it has its own agile state.
Secondary and boiling point, the boiling point of this substance is quite high, due to the intermolecular force. The presence of chlorine atoms and ethylene groups in the molecule enhances the interaction between molecules. To make it boil, it needs to supply more energy to break free from the bonds between molecules and rise into a gaseous state.
Melting point is also one of its important physical properties. Its melting point is within a certain range. At this temperature, the substance gradually changes from liquid to solid, and the molecular arrangement tends to be orderly from disorder, just like a soldier in an orderly array.
Furthermore, the solubility cannot be ignored. 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has good solubility in organic solvents, such as common ethanol, ether, etc. The interaction between the molecules of the organic solvent and the molecules of the compound allows it to be evenly dispersed, just like a fish swimming in water and blending seamlessly. However, in water, due to the large difference between the polarity of the molecule and the water molecule, the solubility is not good, and the two seem to be distinct and difficult to miscible.
In terms of density, its density is larger than that of water. Placing it in one place with water shows that it sinks to the bottom of the water, such as a stone entering water, solid and stable. This is due to the molecular composition and structure, which makes its unit volume mass larger.
In addition, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has a certain volatility. In a normal temperature environment, its molecules are constantly moving, and some molecules escape from the liquid surface and are distributed in the surrounding space. However, its volatility is slightly slower than that of some low-boiling volatile substances.
In summary, the physical properties of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene are determined by their molecular structure, and each property is related to each other, which is of great significance in chemical research and practical applications.
First of all, its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is colorless to light yellow liquid, clear and transparent, and its flowing state can be seen, like the water of a stream, although it does not have a magnificent posture, it has its own agile state.
Secondary and boiling point, the boiling point of this substance is quite high, due to the intermolecular force. The presence of chlorine atoms and ethylene groups in the molecule enhances the interaction between molecules. To make it boil, it needs to supply more energy to break free from the bonds between molecules and rise into a gaseous state.
Melting point is also one of its important physical properties. Its melting point is within a certain range. At this temperature, the substance gradually changes from liquid to solid, and the molecular arrangement tends to be orderly from disorder, just like a soldier in an orderly array.
Furthermore, the solubility cannot be ignored. 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has good solubility in organic solvents, such as common ethanol, ether, etc. The interaction between the molecules of the organic solvent and the molecules of the compound allows it to be evenly dispersed, just like a fish swimming in water and blending seamlessly. However, in water, due to the large difference between the polarity of the molecule and the water molecule, the solubility is not good, and the two seem to be distinct and difficult to miscible.
In terms of density, its density is larger than that of water. Placing it in one place with water shows that it sinks to the bottom of the water, such as a stone entering water, solid and stable. This is due to the molecular composition and structure, which makes its unit volume mass larger.
In addition, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has a certain volatility. In a normal temperature environment, its molecules are constantly moving, and some molecules escape from the liquid surface and are distributed in the surrounding space. However, its volatility is slightly slower than that of some low-boiling volatile substances.
In summary, the physical properties of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene are determined by their molecular structure, and each property is related to each other, which is of great significance in chemical research and practical applications.
What are the chemical properties of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene?
1-Chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is an organic compound with unique chemical properties.
First, the reactivity of halogen atom chlorine. Chlorine atoms are highly active and can participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. In case of nucleophilic reagents, such as sodium alcohol, amines, etc., chlorine atoms are easily replaced by nucleophilic groups. Due to the connection of chlorine atoms to the benzene ring and the role of electron clouds in the benzene ring, the carbon-chlorine bond has a certain polarity, and the carbon is partially positive and vulnerable to attack by nucleophilic reagents. For example, when reacting with sodium ethanol, the chlorine atom can be substituted with ethoxy to generate corresponding ether compounds.
Second, the reactivity of ethynyl groups. The ethynyl group is unsaturated and can undergo an addition reaction. It can be added with hydrogen, halogen, hydrogen halide, etc. In the presence of an appropriate catalyst, when added with hydrogen, the olefin product is obtained first, and the saturated hydrocarbon can be obtained by continuing the reaction. Addition to halogen can form dihalogenated or tetrahalogenated products, depending on the amount of halogen. Addition to hydrogen halide follows the Markov rule, and hydrogen atoms are added to unsaturated carbon atoms containing more hydrogen.
Third, the reactivity of benzene rings. Although benzene rings are aromatic and relatively stable, electrophilic substitution reactions can still occur. Since both chlorine atoms and ethynyl groups are electron-withdrawing groups, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is reduced, and the reactivity is slightly lower than that of benzene. In common electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitrification, sulfonation, halogenation, etc., the substituents mainly enter the interposition between the chlorine atom and the ethylene group. Due to the synergistic positioning effect of the two, the density of the interposition electron cloud is relatively high.
Fourth, the acidity of the ethylene group. Ethynyl hydrogen has a certain acidity and can react with strong bases such as sodium amide to form corresponding metal alkynides. Because the ethynyl carbon atom is a sp hybrid, the electronegativity is large, and it attracts the electron cloud of the hydrogen atom strongly, making the hydrogen atom easy to leave in the form of protons.
1-chloro-3-ethynylphenyl chloride atom, ethynyl group and benzene ring coexist, which is rich in chemical properties and has a wide range of uses in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used as a synthetic intermediate for a variety of organic compounds.
First, the reactivity of halogen atom chlorine. Chlorine atoms are highly active and can participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. In case of nucleophilic reagents, such as sodium alcohol, amines, etc., chlorine atoms are easily replaced by nucleophilic groups. Due to the connection of chlorine atoms to the benzene ring and the role of electron clouds in the benzene ring, the carbon-chlorine bond has a certain polarity, and the carbon is partially positive and vulnerable to attack by nucleophilic reagents. For example, when reacting with sodium ethanol, the chlorine atom can be substituted with ethoxy to generate corresponding ether compounds.
Second, the reactivity of ethynyl groups. The ethynyl group is unsaturated and can undergo an addition reaction. It can be added with hydrogen, halogen, hydrogen halide, etc. In the presence of an appropriate catalyst, when added with hydrogen, the olefin product is obtained first, and the saturated hydrocarbon can be obtained by continuing the reaction. Addition to halogen can form dihalogenated or tetrahalogenated products, depending on the amount of halogen. Addition to hydrogen halide follows the Markov rule, and hydrogen atoms are added to unsaturated carbon atoms containing more hydrogen.
Third, the reactivity of benzene rings. Although benzene rings are aromatic and relatively stable, electrophilic substitution reactions can still occur. Since both chlorine atoms and ethynyl groups are electron-withdrawing groups, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is reduced, and the reactivity is slightly lower than that of benzene. In common electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitrification, sulfonation, halogenation, etc., the substituents mainly enter the interposition between the chlorine atom and the ethylene group. Due to the synergistic positioning effect of the two, the density of the interposition electron cloud is relatively high.
Fourth, the acidity of the ethylene group. Ethynyl hydrogen has a certain acidity and can react with strong bases such as sodium amide to form corresponding metal alkynides. Because the ethynyl carbon atom is a sp hybrid, the electronegativity is large, and it attracts the electron cloud of the hydrogen atom strongly, making the hydrogen atom easy to leave in the form of protons.
1-chloro-3-ethynylphenyl chloride atom, ethynyl group and benzene ring coexist, which is rich in chemical properties and has a wide range of uses in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used as a synthetic intermediate for a variety of organic compounds.
What are 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene synthesis methods?
The synthesis methods of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene are various, and the details are as follows.
First, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde can be started from 3-chlorobenzaldehyde. First, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde is reacted with Phosphorus Ylide reagent to obtain 3-chlorobenzene. This reaction condition is mild and the yield is quite high. Then, 3-chlorobenzene is brominated to obtain 1,2-dibromo-3-chlorobenzene. Then treated with a strong base, such as potassium tert-butyl alcohol, after elimination, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene can be obtained.
Second, 3-chloroaniline is used as raw material. First, the amino group is converted into a diazonium salt through a diazotization reaction. Then it reacts with an ethynyl copper reagent. This is a Sandmeier reaction variant, which can be directly introduced into the ethynyl group to obtain 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene. This path step is simple, but the diazotization reaction needs to be handled carefully, due to the poor stability of the diazonium salt.
Third, 3-chlorobromobenzene is started. Under the catalysis of palladium, a Stille coupling reaction occurs with ethynyl tributyltin. This reaction has good selectivity and can efficiently synthesize the target product. However, tin reagents are more toxic and not very friendly to the environment, so post-treatment needs to be cautious.
Fourth, 3-chlorophenylboronic acid and ethynyl halide are synthesized by Suzuki-Miyapu reaction in the presence of alkali and palladium catalysts. This reaction condition is relatively mild, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the environment is more friendly. It is a potential synthesis method.
The above methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, it is necessary to consider the availability of raw materials, reaction conditions, cost and environmental protection and make a prudent choice.
First, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde can be started from 3-chlorobenzaldehyde. First, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde is reacted with Phosphorus Ylide reagent to obtain 3-chlorobenzene. This reaction condition is mild and the yield is quite high. Then, 3-chlorobenzene is brominated to obtain 1,2-dibromo-3-chlorobenzene. Then treated with a strong base, such as potassium tert-butyl alcohol, after elimination, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene can be obtained.
Second, 3-chloroaniline is used as raw material. First, the amino group is converted into a diazonium salt through a diazotization reaction. Then it reacts with an ethynyl copper reagent. This is a Sandmeier reaction variant, which can be directly introduced into the ethynyl group to obtain 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene. This path step is simple, but the diazotization reaction needs to be handled carefully, due to the poor stability of the diazonium salt.
Third, 3-chlorobromobenzene is started. Under the catalysis of palladium, a Stille coupling reaction occurs with ethynyl tributyltin. This reaction has good selectivity and can efficiently synthesize the target product. However, tin reagents are more toxic and not very friendly to the environment, so post-treatment needs to be cautious.
Fourth, 3-chlorophenylboronic acid and ethynyl halide are synthesized by Suzuki-Miyapu reaction in the presence of alkali and palladium catalysts. This reaction condition is relatively mild, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the environment is more friendly. It is a potential synthesis method.
The above methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, it is necessary to consider the availability of raw materials, reaction conditions, cost and environmental protection and make a prudent choice.
1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene What are the precautions during storage and transportation?
For 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, be sure to pay attention to many matters during storage and transportation.
It is a chemical substance and poses certain hazards. When storing, choose a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Because the substance is sensitive to heat, open flames and oxidants, it should be kept away from heat and fire sources, and should not be co-stored with oxidants to prevent violent chemical reactions from triggering the risk of explosion.
The container for storage is also crucial, and it must be well sealed to prevent leakage. The container used should be corrosion resistant, because 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene may react with some materials, damage the container, and then cause leakage.
When transporting, the appropriate means of transportation and packaging must be selected in accordance with relevant regulations. The packaging must be tight and stable, marked with clear warning labels, so that transporters can know its dangerous characteristics. During transportation, bumps and collisions should be avoided to prevent material leakage due to package damage.
In addition, regardless of storage or transportation, relevant operators should be professionally trained and familiar with the characteristics, hazards and emergency response methods of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene. In case of leakage and other emergencies, correct measures can be taken quickly to reduce the damage. Such as evacuating surrounding personnel, isolating fire sources, and choosing appropriate methods according to leakage conditions.
In this way, in the storage and transportation of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, strictly observe all precautions to ensure safety.
It is a chemical substance and poses certain hazards. When storing, choose a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Because the substance is sensitive to heat, open flames and oxidants, it should be kept away from heat and fire sources, and should not be co-stored with oxidants to prevent violent chemical reactions from triggering the risk of explosion.
The container for storage is also crucial, and it must be well sealed to prevent leakage. The container used should be corrosion resistant, because 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene may react with some materials, damage the container, and then cause leakage.
When transporting, the appropriate means of transportation and packaging must be selected in accordance with relevant regulations. The packaging must be tight and stable, marked with clear warning labels, so that transporters can know its dangerous characteristics. During transportation, bumps and collisions should be avoided to prevent material leakage due to package damage.
In addition, regardless of storage or transportation, relevant operators should be professionally trained and familiar with the characteristics, hazards and emergency response methods of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene. In case of leakage and other emergencies, correct measures can be taken quickly to reduce the damage. Such as evacuating surrounding personnel, isolating fire sources, and choosing appropriate methods according to leakage conditions.
In this way, in the storage and transportation of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, strictly observe all precautions to ensure safety.
What are the chemical properties of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene?
1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, or 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, is an organic compound with interesting chemical properties, as detailed below:
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction
In 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, the chlorine atom is attached to the benzene ring, and the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is reduced due to the electron-absorbing effect of the chlorine atom. However, the electron cloud density of the adjacent and para-position is relatively higher than that of the meta-position. At this time, the chlorine atom on the benzene ring can be used as a leaving group to undergo nucleophilic substitution with the nucleophilic reagent. For example, when encountering an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, the hydroxyl group ($OH ^ - $) acts as a nucleophilic reagent, which can attack the carbon atom attached to the chlorine atom, and the chlorine atom leaves, thereby generating 1-hydroxy-3-ethynylbenzene. The reaction mechanism is that the nucleophilic reagent provides electron pairs to form new bonds with the carbon atom in the substrate that lacks electrons, and the leaving group leaves with a pair of electrons. This reaction condition is mild, and heating is often required to speed up the reaction rate. The polarity of the solvent has a great influence on the reaction. Polar solvents help stabilize the reaction intermediate and promote the reaction.
Electrophilic Substitution Reaction
Although the electron cloud density of the benzene ring decreases due to the chlorine atom, the benzene ring itself is still aromatic and can undergo electrophilic substitution reaction. Because the chlorine atom is an ortho-and para-localization group, the electrophilic reagent is more inclined to attack the ortho-and para-position of the benzene ring. When reacting with bromine catalyzed by iron bromide, the bromine positive ion acts as an electrophilic reagent, mainly attacking the neighboring and para-position of the chlorine atom on the benzene ring, generating a mixture of 1-chloro-2-bromo-3-ethynylbenzene and 1-chloro-4-bromo-3- In this reaction, the role of catalyst iron bromide is to polarize bromine molecules, making it easier to produce bromine positive ions. The reaction conditions require an anhydrous environment, because water will react with electrophilic reagents, hindering the progress of electrophilic substitution reactions.
Reaction of alkynyl groups
The alkynyl group contained in 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has unique chemical properties. First, the alkynyl group can undergo an addition reaction. For example, under the action of Lindela catalyst with hydrogen, a partial hydrogenation reaction can occur to generate 1-chloro-3-vinylbenzene. This reaction is cis-addition, with hydrogen atoms added to the same side of the alkynyl group. For another example, when adding with hydrogen chloride, following the Markov rule, hydrogen atoms are added to carbon atoms containing more hydrogen to form 1-chloro-3- (1-chlorovinyl) benzene. Second, the alkynyl group can react with certain metal ions. For example, when reacting with ammonia solution of silver nitrate, the hydrogen atoms on the alkynyl group can be replaced by silver ions to form an alkynyl-silver precipitation. This reaction can be used to identify whether there is alkynyl hydrogen in the molecule.
1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has rich chemical properties and is widely used in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used as an important intermediate for the preparation of a variety of complex organic compounds.
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction
In 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, the chlorine atom is attached to the benzene ring, and the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is reduced due to the electron-absorbing effect of the chlorine atom. However, the electron cloud density of the adjacent and para-position is relatively higher than that of the meta-position. At this time, the chlorine atom on the benzene ring can be used as a leaving group to undergo nucleophilic substitution with the nucleophilic reagent. For example, when encountering an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, the hydroxyl group ($OH ^ - $) acts as a nucleophilic reagent, which can attack the carbon atom attached to the chlorine atom, and the chlorine atom leaves, thereby generating 1-hydroxy-3-ethynylbenzene. The reaction mechanism is that the nucleophilic reagent provides electron pairs to form new bonds with the carbon atom in the substrate that lacks electrons, and the leaving group leaves with a pair of electrons. This reaction condition is mild, and heating is often required to speed up the reaction rate. The polarity of the solvent has a great influence on the reaction. Polar solvents help stabilize the reaction intermediate and promote the reaction.
Electrophilic Substitution Reaction
Although the electron cloud density of the benzene ring decreases due to the chlorine atom, the benzene ring itself is still aromatic and can undergo electrophilic substitution reaction. Because the chlorine atom is an ortho-and para-localization group, the electrophilic reagent is more inclined to attack the ortho-and para-position of the benzene ring. When reacting with bromine catalyzed by iron bromide, the bromine positive ion acts as an electrophilic reagent, mainly attacking the neighboring and para-position of the chlorine atom on the benzene ring, generating a mixture of 1-chloro-2-bromo-3-ethynylbenzene and 1-chloro-4-bromo-3- In this reaction, the role of catalyst iron bromide is to polarize bromine molecules, making it easier to produce bromine positive ions. The reaction conditions require an anhydrous environment, because water will react with electrophilic reagents, hindering the progress of electrophilic substitution reactions.
Reaction of alkynyl groups
The alkynyl group contained in 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has unique chemical properties. First, the alkynyl group can undergo an addition reaction. For example, under the action of Lindela catalyst with hydrogen, a partial hydrogenation reaction can occur to generate 1-chloro-3-vinylbenzene. This reaction is cis-addition, with hydrogen atoms added to the same side of the alkynyl group. For another example, when adding with hydrogen chloride, following the Markov rule, hydrogen atoms are added to carbon atoms containing more hydrogen to form 1-chloro-3- (1-chlorovinyl) benzene. Second, the alkynyl group can react with certain metal ions. For example, when reacting with ammonia solution of silver nitrate, the hydrogen atoms on the alkynyl group can be replaced by silver ions to form an alkynyl-silver precipitation. This reaction can be used to identify whether there is alkynyl hydrogen in the molecule.
1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene has rich chemical properties and is widely used in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used as an important intermediate for the preparation of a variety of complex organic compounds.
What are the common synthetic methods of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene?
1-Chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is also an organic compound. Its common synthesis method is many ways.
First, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde is used as the starting material. First, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde is reacted with phosphorus leaf lide to obtain 3-chlorobenzene vinyl. This step is also the wonder of the Wittig reaction, which can easily convert the aldehyde group into a carbon-carbon double bond. Next, 3-chlorobenzene vinyl is added to liquid ammonia and interacts with sodium amide to introduce ethynyl groups, resulting in 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene. In this process, liquid ammonia is used as a solvent, and sodium amino is used as a strong base to help the reaction proceed, so that nucleophilic substitution occurs at the double bond, and acetylene groups are introduced.
Second, 3-chlorobrobenzene is used as the starting point. Shilling 3-chlorobrobenzene reacts with magnesium shavings in anhydrous ether to make Grignard's reagent. Grignard's reagent has strong activity and can undergo nucleophilic addition with acetylene. After the reaction is completed, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene can also be obtained after subsequent treatment such as hydrolysis. The anhydrous ether environment is the key to this process, and the Grignard's reagent is stable, and the hydrolysis step can effectively convert the addition product into the target compound
Third, 3-chloroaniline is used as the starting material. First, 3-chloroaniline is diazotized, and then reacted with acetylene copper. The diazotization reaction can convert the amino group into a group that is easy to leave, and then react with acetylene copper to achieve the introduction of ethynyl groups, and then obtain 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene. The diazotization reaction of this path requires precise control of the conditions, and the preparation and use of acetylene copper also need to be careful.
All kinds of synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The experimenter should weigh and choose the appropriate method according to many factors such as the availability of raw materials, the difficulty of controlling the reaction conditions, and the purity requirements of the target product.
First, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde is used as the starting material. First, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde is reacted with phosphorus leaf lide to obtain 3-chlorobenzene vinyl. This step is also the wonder of the Wittig reaction, which can easily convert the aldehyde group into a carbon-carbon double bond. Next, 3-chlorobenzene vinyl is added to liquid ammonia and interacts with sodium amide to introduce ethynyl groups, resulting in 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene. In this process, liquid ammonia is used as a solvent, and sodium amino is used as a strong base to help the reaction proceed, so that nucleophilic substitution occurs at the double bond, and acetylene groups are introduced.
Second, 3-chlorobrobenzene is used as the starting point. Shilling 3-chlorobrobenzene reacts with magnesium shavings in anhydrous ether to make Grignard's reagent. Grignard's reagent has strong activity and can undergo nucleophilic addition with acetylene. After the reaction is completed, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene can also be obtained after subsequent treatment such as hydrolysis. The anhydrous ether environment is the key to this process, and the Grignard's reagent is stable, and the hydrolysis step can effectively convert the addition product into the target compound
Third, 3-chloroaniline is used as the starting material. First, 3-chloroaniline is diazotized, and then reacted with acetylene copper. The diazotization reaction can convert the amino group into a group that is easy to leave, and then react with acetylene copper to achieve the introduction of ethynyl groups, and then obtain 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene. The diazotization reaction of this path requires precise control of the conditions, and the preparation and use of acetylene copper also need to be careful.
All kinds of synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The experimenter should weigh and choose the appropriate method according to many factors such as the availability of raw materials, the difficulty of controlling the reaction conditions, and the purity requirements of the target product.
1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene in what areas?
1-Chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is useful in many fields.
In the field of organic synthesis, this is a crucial intermediate. It can be used to construct complex organic molecular structures through various chemical reactions. Due to the unique activity of chlorine atoms and ethynyl groups, it can participate in many reactions such as nucleophilic substitution and electrophilic addition. For example, in nucleophilic substitution, chlorine atoms can be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents, and then the required functional groups can be introduced to prepare organic compounds with specific functions, such as intermediates of new drug molecules. By ingeniously designing the reaction path, complex drug frameworks can be gradually constructed with the help of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, laying the foundation for the development of new drugs.
In the field of materials science, it also has extraordinary applications. It can be integrated into the structure of polymer materials by means of polymerization reactions. In this way, polymer materials are endowed with unique properties. For example, improving the thermal stability and mechanical properties of materials. In the synthesis of high-performance polymers, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is used as one of the monomers, and the polymer formed by polymerization, or due to the rigid structure of the ethynyl group, the heat resistance of the material can be improved, so as to meet the strict requirements of high-end fields such as aerospace and electronic devices.
In the fine chemical industry, it is also widely used. It can be used to synthesize special dyes, fragrances and other fine chemicals. Due to the particularity of the structure, it can give the product unique color, smell and other characteristics. For example, when synthesizing new dyes, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene participates in the reaction, introducing specific chromophores or chromophores into the dye molecules, and then developing new dyes with high color fastness and bright color to meet the needs of high-quality dyes in textile, printing and dyeing industries.
In the field of organic synthesis, this is a crucial intermediate. It can be used to construct complex organic molecular structures through various chemical reactions. Due to the unique activity of chlorine atoms and ethynyl groups, it can participate in many reactions such as nucleophilic substitution and electrophilic addition. For example, in nucleophilic substitution, chlorine atoms can be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents, and then the required functional groups can be introduced to prepare organic compounds with specific functions, such as intermediates of new drug molecules. By ingeniously designing the reaction path, complex drug frameworks can be gradually constructed with the help of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, laying the foundation for the development of new drugs.
In the field of materials science, it also has extraordinary applications. It can be integrated into the structure of polymer materials by means of polymerization reactions. In this way, polymer materials are endowed with unique properties. For example, improving the thermal stability and mechanical properties of materials. In the synthesis of high-performance polymers, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is used as one of the monomers, and the polymer formed by polymerization, or due to the rigid structure of the ethynyl group, the heat resistance of the material can be improved, so as to meet the strict requirements of high-end fields such as aerospace and electronic devices.
In the fine chemical industry, it is also widely used. It can be used to synthesize special dyes, fragrances and other fine chemicals. Due to the particularity of the structure, it can give the product unique color, smell and other characteristics. For example, when synthesizing new dyes, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene participates in the reaction, introducing specific chromophores or chromophores into the dye molecules, and then developing new dyes with high color fastness and bright color to meet the needs of high-quality dyes in textile, printing and dyeing industries.
What are the physical properties of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene?
1-Chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is one of the organic compounds. Its physical properties are quite characteristic, let me tell you in detail.
First of all, its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is mostly colorless to light yellow liquid, and the appearance is clear and slightly shiny. This state is easy to observe and operate, and it has certain convenience in many chemical experiments and industrial applications.
and its smell, this material emits a unique aromatic smell, but this smell is not pleasant and slightly irritating. If people smell it nearby, or feel a slight discomfort in the nasal cavity and respiratory tract. When operating, it needs to be in a well-ventilated place to prevent the odor from causing adverse effects on the human body.
Furthermore, in terms of its boiling point, the boiling point of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is quite high, reaching about 207 ° C. The high boiling point means that more energy needs to be input to transform it from liquid to gaseous. This property is very critical in chemical operations such as distillation and separation, and can be separated from other substances with different boiling points.
In terms of melting point, its melting point is about -38 ° C. The relatively low melting point indicates that this substance is easy to maintain a liquid state under normal temperature, providing certain convenience for its transportation, storage and use.
The density of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene cannot be ignored. Its density is greater than that of water, about 1.19 g/cm ³. When this substance is mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom of the water. This property plays an important role in indicating the chemical reaction or separation process involving the aqueous phase.
In terms of solubility, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is insoluble in water, but soluble in many organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, benzene, etc. This solubility characteristic provides a broad space for its application in the field of organic synthesis. It can be dissolved and extracted by different organic solvents to achieve various chemical reactions and purification of substances.
In summary, the physical properties of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene are unique, and they have specific uses and significance in the fields of chemical industry and scientific research.
First of all, its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is mostly colorless to light yellow liquid, and the appearance is clear and slightly shiny. This state is easy to observe and operate, and it has certain convenience in many chemical experiments and industrial applications.
and its smell, this material emits a unique aromatic smell, but this smell is not pleasant and slightly irritating. If people smell it nearby, or feel a slight discomfort in the nasal cavity and respiratory tract. When operating, it needs to be in a well-ventilated place to prevent the odor from causing adverse effects on the human body.
Furthermore, in terms of its boiling point, the boiling point of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is quite high, reaching about 207 ° C. The high boiling point means that more energy needs to be input to transform it from liquid to gaseous. This property is very critical in chemical operations such as distillation and separation, and can be separated from other substances with different boiling points.
In terms of melting point, its melting point is about -38 ° C. The relatively low melting point indicates that this substance is easy to maintain a liquid state under normal temperature, providing certain convenience for its transportation, storage and use.
The density of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene cannot be ignored. Its density is greater than that of water, about 1.19 g/cm ³. When this substance is mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom of the water. This property plays an important role in indicating the chemical reaction or separation process involving the aqueous phase.
In terms of solubility, 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is insoluble in water, but soluble in many organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, benzene, etc. This solubility characteristic provides a broad space for its application in the field of organic synthesis. It can be dissolved and extracted by different organic solvents to achieve various chemical reactions and purification of substances.
In summary, the physical properties of 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene are unique, and they have specific uses and significance in the fields of chemical industry and scientific research.
What are 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene storage conditions?
1-Chloro-3-ethynylbenzene is an organic compound. Its storage conditions are of paramount importance, and it is related to the safety and quality of this substance.
First of all, avoid open flames and hot topics. Open flames and hot topics can easily lead to the risk of explosion of this substance. With its chemical activity, when heated, the molecule is easy to move, the energy suddenly increases, causing the reaction to go out of control, the flame stops, and the explosion occurs, endangering the surroundings.
It should be stored in a cool and ventilated place for the second time. A cool environment can slow down its chemical reaction rate and avoid deterioration due to high temperature. If the ventilation is good, it can remove the harmful gases that escape, prevent accumulation and cause explosion, and keep the air fresh and protect the well-being of the storage person.
Furthermore, this material should be stored in isolation from oxidants, acids, etc. The oxidant has strong oxidizing properties. When it encounters 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, it is easy to promote oxidation reactions, generate heat and cause danger. Acids can also react chemically with it, or generate gas, or cause decomposition, all of which increase the risk.
Packaging also needs to be careful. Suitable materials must be selected, which are strong and well sealed to prevent leakage. If it leaks, the material will be scattered outside, in contact with air and other substances, causing unexpected changes.
When handling, when loading and unloading lightly. Rough actions can damage the packaging and cause leakage. And the handler needs to wear protective gear, such as protective clothing, gloves, masks, etc., to avoid touching the body.
When storing 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, you must follow the above provisions and do it strictly to ensure safety and avoid disasters.
First of all, avoid open flames and hot topics. Open flames and hot topics can easily lead to the risk of explosion of this substance. With its chemical activity, when heated, the molecule is easy to move, the energy suddenly increases, causing the reaction to go out of control, the flame stops, and the explosion occurs, endangering the surroundings.
It should be stored in a cool and ventilated place for the second time. A cool environment can slow down its chemical reaction rate and avoid deterioration due to high temperature. If the ventilation is good, it can remove the harmful gases that escape, prevent accumulation and cause explosion, and keep the air fresh and protect the well-being of the storage person.
Furthermore, this material should be stored in isolation from oxidants, acids, etc. The oxidant has strong oxidizing properties. When it encounters 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, it is easy to promote oxidation reactions, generate heat and cause danger. Acids can also react chemically with it, or generate gas, or cause decomposition, all of which increase the risk.
Packaging also needs to be careful. Suitable materials must be selected, which are strong and well sealed to prevent leakage. If it leaks, the material will be scattered outside, in contact with air and other substances, causing unexpected changes.
When handling, when loading and unloading lightly. Rough actions can damage the packaging and cause leakage. And the handler needs to wear protective gear, such as protective clothing, gloves, masks, etc., to avoid touching the body.
When storing 1-chloro-3-ethynylbenzene, you must follow the above provisions and do it strictly to ensure safety and avoid disasters.
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