Linshang Chemical
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1-Chloro-4-Mercaptobenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
513248 |
| Chemical Formula | C6H5ClS |
| Molecular Weight | 144.62 |
| Appearance | Solid or liquid (varies) |
| Odor | Typical mercapto - like odor |
| Melting Point | Data needed |
| Boiling Point | Data needed |
| Density | Data needed |
| Solubility In Water | Poorly soluble |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in common organic solvents |
| Flash Point | Data needed |
| Stability | Stable under normal conditions but may react with oxidizing agents |
| Hazard Class | Toxic and harmful, irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory system |
As an accredited 1-Chloro-4-Mercaptobenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 100g of 1 - chloro - 4 - mercaptobenzene packaged in a sealed, corrosion - resistant bottle. |
| Storage | 1 - Chloro - 4 - mercaptobenzene should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area, away from heat sources and open flames due to its potential flammability. Keep it in a tightly sealed container to prevent vapors from escaping, as it has a pungent odor and may be harmful if inhaled. Store it separately from oxidizing agents to avoid potential reactions. |
| Shipping | 1 - chloro - 4 - mercaptobenzene is shipped in tightly sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It must be transported in accordance with hazardous chemical regulations, ensuring proper labeling and segregation to prevent leakage and potential hazards. |
Competitive 1-Chloro-4-Mercaptobenzene prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
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What are the physical properties of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene?
1-Chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is an organic compound. Its physical properties are particularly important, and it is related to its behavior in various situations.
First of all, its appearance is usually solid at room temperature and pressure, or white to light yellow crystalline powder. This color state is easy to identify with the naked eye, and its purity and state can be preliminarily determined in experiments or industrial operations.
The melting point is about a specific temperature range, and this value is of great significance for its purification and separation. By measuring the melting point, the purity of the substance can be determined. If the purity is high, the melting point is sharp and close to the theoretical value; if it contains impurities, the melting point is reduced and the melting range is widened.
Its boiling point is also a key physical property. The boiling point reflects the energy required to change from liquid to gaseous state. Knowing the boiling point, in the separation process such as distillation, the temperature can be precisely controlled to achieve effective separation of the compound from others.
In terms of solubility, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene has a certain solubility in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, but it has little solubility in water. This property allows it to be separated and purified according to the different solubility of the solvent in organic synthesis and extraction operations.
In addition, its density is also one of the physical properties. Density determines its distribution in the mixing system. In the process of material transportation and mixing in chemical production, the consideration of density is indispensable, which is related to the efficiency of operation and the quality of the product.
Furthermore, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene has a certain odor. Although the description of the odor or your mileage may vary, its unique odor can also be used as a clue for identification.
In summary, the physical properties of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, such as appearance, melting point, boiling point, solubility, density and odor, are important considerations in chemical research, industrial production and related application fields. It helps researchers and practitioners to properly handle and use this compound.
First of all, its appearance is usually solid at room temperature and pressure, or white to light yellow crystalline powder. This color state is easy to identify with the naked eye, and its purity and state can be preliminarily determined in experiments or industrial operations.
The melting point is about a specific temperature range, and this value is of great significance for its purification and separation. By measuring the melting point, the purity of the substance can be determined. If the purity is high, the melting point is sharp and close to the theoretical value; if it contains impurities, the melting point is reduced and the melting range is widened.
Its boiling point is also a key physical property. The boiling point reflects the energy required to change from liquid to gaseous state. Knowing the boiling point, in the separation process such as distillation, the temperature can be precisely controlled to achieve effective separation of the compound from others.
In terms of solubility, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene has a certain solubility in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, but it has little solubility in water. This property allows it to be separated and purified according to the different solubility of the solvent in organic synthesis and extraction operations.
In addition, its density is also one of the physical properties. Density determines its distribution in the mixing system. In the process of material transportation and mixing in chemical production, the consideration of density is indispensable, which is related to the efficiency of operation and the quality of the product.
Furthermore, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene has a certain odor. Although the description of the odor or your mileage may vary, its unique odor can also be used as a clue for identification.
In summary, the physical properties of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, such as appearance, melting point, boiling point, solubility, density and odor, are important considerations in chemical research, industrial production and related application fields. It helps researchers and practitioners to properly handle and use this compound.
What are the chemical properties of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene?
1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, Chinese name 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, is an organic compound with both chlorine atoms and sulfhydryl groups, which is widely used in the field of organic synthesis. Its chemical properties are unique and are described as follows:
1. ** Nucleophilic substitution reaction **: The chlorine atom in this compound has a certain electrophilicity due to the influence of the benzene ring. In case of nucleophilic reagents, chlorine atoms are easily replaced. For example, when reacted with sodium alcohol, chlorine atoms can be replaced by alkoxy groups to form corresponding ether compounds; when reacted with amines, aromatic amine derivatives are formed. The reaction mechanism is that the nucleophilic reagent attacks the carbon atom connected to the chlorine atom, and the chlorine atom leaves with a pair of electrons to complete the substitution.
2. ** Reaction of sulfhydryl groups **: The sulfhydryl group (-SH) is another important functional group of this compound, which has strong nucleophilic and reductive properties. First, the sulfhydryl group can undergo nucleophilic substitution with halogenated hydrocarbons to form thioether compounds. Second, under the action of oxidants, sulfhydryl groups are easily oxidized. For example, in case of weak oxidants such as iodine, two molecules of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene sulfhydryl groups can be oxidized to disulfide bonds (-S In case of strong oxidizing agent, the thiol group can be further oxidized to the sulfonic acid group (-SOH).
3. ** Reaction of benzene ring **: The benzene ring of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is aromatic and can undergo aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction. Because both chlorine atoms and mercapto groups are ortho-para-sites, electrophilic reagents are prone to attack the ortho-sites and para-sites of the benzene ring. For example, during nitration reaction, nitro groups mainly enter the ortho-sites and para-sites of chlorine atoms or mercapto groups to form nitro-substituted derivatives.
4. ** Metal complexation reaction **: The sulfur atom in the thiol group contains lone pairs of electrons, which can be used as a ligand to complexe If it forms a stable complex with metal ions such as copper ions and mercury ions, this property is of great application value in the field of metal ion detection and separation.
5. ** Acid-base reaction **: The thiol group has a certain acidity. Under the action of strong bases, the thiol group can lose protons and form sulfur negative ions. This sulfur negative ion has stronger nucleophilicity and is more prone to reactions such as nucleophilic substitution.
1. ** Nucleophilic substitution reaction **: The chlorine atom in this compound has a certain electrophilicity due to the influence of the benzene ring. In case of nucleophilic reagents, chlorine atoms are easily replaced. For example, when reacted with sodium alcohol, chlorine atoms can be replaced by alkoxy groups to form corresponding ether compounds; when reacted with amines, aromatic amine derivatives are formed. The reaction mechanism is that the nucleophilic reagent attacks the carbon atom connected to the chlorine atom, and the chlorine atom leaves with a pair of electrons to complete the substitution.
2. ** Reaction of sulfhydryl groups **: The sulfhydryl group (-SH) is another important functional group of this compound, which has strong nucleophilic and reductive properties. First, the sulfhydryl group can undergo nucleophilic substitution with halogenated hydrocarbons to form thioether compounds. Second, under the action of oxidants, sulfhydryl groups are easily oxidized. For example, in case of weak oxidants such as iodine, two molecules of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene sulfhydryl groups can be oxidized to disulfide bonds (-S In case of strong oxidizing agent, the thiol group can be further oxidized to the sulfonic acid group (-SOH).
3. ** Reaction of benzene ring **: The benzene ring of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is aromatic and can undergo aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction. Because both chlorine atoms and mercapto groups are ortho-para-sites, electrophilic reagents are prone to attack the ortho-sites and para-sites of the benzene ring. For example, during nitration reaction, nitro groups mainly enter the ortho-sites and para-sites of chlorine atoms or mercapto groups to form nitro-substituted derivatives.
4. ** Metal complexation reaction **: The sulfur atom in the thiol group contains lone pairs of electrons, which can be used as a ligand to complexe If it forms a stable complex with metal ions such as copper ions and mercury ions, this property is of great application value in the field of metal ion detection and separation.
5. ** Acid-base reaction **: The thiol group has a certain acidity. Under the action of strong bases, the thiol group can lose protons and form sulfur negative ions. This sulfur negative ion has stronger nucleophilicity and is more prone to reactions such as nucleophilic substitution.
What are the main uses of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene?
1-Chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is an organic compound with a wide range of uses. In the field of organic synthesis, it is often used as a key intermediate. Because it has both chlorine atoms and sulfhydryl groups, it can interact with other compounds through many chemical reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution reactions, to build more complex organic molecules. In the field of medicinal chemistry, its unique chemical structure allows the design and synthesis of drug molecules with specific biological activities, such as some drugs with potential antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. In the field of materials science, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene can also play an important role. It can be used to participate in the preparation of polymer materials with special properties, and the sulfhydryl groups contained in it can coordinate with metal ions to prepare metal-organic framework materials, which show excellent properties in gas adsorption and catalysis. In addition, in the field of dye chemistry, dyes with special colors and properties can be synthesized from this raw material. Due to the existence of chlorine atoms and sulfhydryl groups, the molecular structure and electron cloud distribution of dyes can be adjusted, thereby affecting the color and dyeing properties of dyes. In summary, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene has important uses in many fields due to its unique chemical structure, providing key chemical raw materials and intermediates for organic synthesis, drug research and development, material preparation and dye synthesis.
What are 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene synthesis methods?
1 - chloro - 4 - mercaptobenzene is p-chlorothiophenol, and the synthesis methods are as follows.
First, p-chlorobrombenzene is used as the starting material. First, p-chlorobrombenzene is reacted with magnesium chips in anhydrous ether to make Grignard's reagent. This process requires careful operation to ensure that the reaction system is anhydrous and oxygen-free, because Grignard's reagent is easily decomposed in contact with water. Subsequently, dry hydrogen sulfide gas is introduced into the Grignard's reagent, and after careful reaction, p-chlorothiophenol can be obtained. This method is relatively clear in steps, but it requires strict reaction conditions. Hydrogen sulfide gas is also toxic and irritating to a certain extent, so be careful when operating.
Second, p-chloroaniline is used as the starting material. First, p-chloroaniline is diazotized, and sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid are used as reagents to make diazonium salts at low temperature. This diazotization process requires strict temperature control to prevent the decomposition of diazonium salts. After that, the diazonium salt is co-heated with potassium thiocyanate solution to form p-chlorophenyl thiocyanate. Then the thiocyanate is reduced with a suitable reducing agent, such as zinc powder and hydrochloric acid, and the final product is p-chlorothiophenol. Although this path has a little more steps, the raw materials are relatively easy to obtain, and the operation is also within the scope of general laboratory conditions.
Third, p-chlorophenol is used as the starting material. First, p-chlorophenol is reacted with phosphorus pentasulfide to produce p-chlorothiophenol. In this reaction, phosphorus pentasulfide is a vulcanizing agent, and the reaction conditions are relatively mild. However, phosphorus pentasulfide has a foul odor and has certain pollution to the environment. During operation, attention should be paid to ventilation and waste treatment.
Synthesis of p-chlorothiophenol has advantages and disadvantages. Experimenters should choose a suitable synthesis path according to their own conditions, raw material availability, product purity requirements and other factors.
First, p-chlorobrombenzene is used as the starting material. First, p-chlorobrombenzene is reacted with magnesium chips in anhydrous ether to make Grignard's reagent. This process requires careful operation to ensure that the reaction system is anhydrous and oxygen-free, because Grignard's reagent is easily decomposed in contact with water. Subsequently, dry hydrogen sulfide gas is introduced into the Grignard's reagent, and after careful reaction, p-chlorothiophenol can be obtained. This method is relatively clear in steps, but it requires strict reaction conditions. Hydrogen sulfide gas is also toxic and irritating to a certain extent, so be careful when operating.
Second, p-chloroaniline is used as the starting material. First, p-chloroaniline is diazotized, and sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid are used as reagents to make diazonium salts at low temperature. This diazotization process requires strict temperature control to prevent the decomposition of diazonium salts. After that, the diazonium salt is co-heated with potassium thiocyanate solution to form p-chlorophenyl thiocyanate. Then the thiocyanate is reduced with a suitable reducing agent, such as zinc powder and hydrochloric acid, and the final product is p-chlorothiophenol. Although this path has a little more steps, the raw materials are relatively easy to obtain, and the operation is also within the scope of general laboratory conditions.
Third, p-chlorophenol is used as the starting material. First, p-chlorophenol is reacted with phosphorus pentasulfide to produce p-chlorothiophenol. In this reaction, phosphorus pentasulfide is a vulcanizing agent, and the reaction conditions are relatively mild. However, phosphorus pentasulfide has a foul odor and has certain pollution to the environment. During operation, attention should be paid to ventilation and waste treatment.
Synthesis of p-chlorothiophenol has advantages and disadvantages. Experimenters should choose a suitable synthesis path according to their own conditions, raw material availability, product purity requirements and other factors.
What are the precautions in storage and transportation of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene?
1-Chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is also an organic compound. When storing and transporting, many matters must be paid attention to.
The first to bear the brunt is related to storage. This compound is quite sensitive to environmental factors and should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Due to high temperature, or its volatilization may be intensified, which may even cause chemical reactions and damage the quality. If the humidity is high, it is easy to cause it to be damp and deteriorate, affecting subsequent use. And it should be kept away from fire and heat sources, because it is flammable, in case of open flame, hot topic or risk of combustion and explosion.
Furthermore, when storing, it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, etc., and must not be mixed. When 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene meets the oxidant, it is prone to oxidation reaction, or cause violent reaction; contact with acids may also cause adverse reactions and endanger safety.
As for transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the packaging is complete and the loading is secure. If the packaging is damaged, the compound may leak out, polluting the environment and posing a hazard to the transportation personnel. During transportation, the driving speed should not be too fast, and violent actions such as sudden braking and sharp turning should be avoided to prevent the packaging from crashing and breaking. Transportation vehicles should also be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment for emergencies.
In addition, transportation and storage personnel need to undergo professional training to be familiar with the characteristics, hazards and preventive measures of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, and strictly follow relevant procedures when operating, so as to ensure the safety of storage and transportation.
The first to bear the brunt is related to storage. This compound is quite sensitive to environmental factors and should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Due to high temperature, or its volatilization may be intensified, which may even cause chemical reactions and damage the quality. If the humidity is high, it is easy to cause it to be damp and deteriorate, affecting subsequent use. And it should be kept away from fire and heat sources, because it is flammable, in case of open flame, hot topic or risk of combustion and explosion.
Furthermore, when storing, it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, etc., and must not be mixed. When 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene meets the oxidant, it is prone to oxidation reaction, or cause violent reaction; contact with acids may also cause adverse reactions and endanger safety.
As for transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the packaging is complete and the loading is secure. If the packaging is damaged, the compound may leak out, polluting the environment and posing a hazard to the transportation personnel. During transportation, the driving speed should not be too fast, and violent actions such as sudden braking and sharp turning should be avoided to prevent the packaging from crashing and breaking. Transportation vehicles should also be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment for emergencies.
In addition, transportation and storage personnel need to undergo professional training to be familiar with the characteristics, hazards and preventive measures of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, and strictly follow relevant procedures when operating, so as to ensure the safety of storage and transportation.
What are the main uses of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene?
1-Chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, also known as p-chlorothiophenol, is a crucial raw material in the field of organic compounds and has shown indispensable functions in many fields.
In the field of medicinal chemistry, it plays a pivotal role. Because sulfur-containing compounds often have unique biological activities in the molecular structure of drugs, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene can be used as a key intermediate for the synthesis of a series of drugs with specific pharmacological activities. For example, in the synthesis of some antibacterial drugs, the introduction of sulfur-containing groups by this compound can effectively enhance the interaction between drugs and targets, improve antibacterial effects, and optimize the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs.
In the field of materials science, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is also widely used. For example, in the preparation of some functional polymer materials, this compound can participate in the polymerization reaction as a functional monomer. Its thio and chloro groups can undergo specific chemical reactions with other monomers, giving polymer materials unique properties, such as improving the conductivity, optical properties or enhancing the stability of materials, so as to meet the needs of different fields for special materials.
Furthermore, in the field of organic synthetic chemistry, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is an extremely important synthetic building block. Its chlorine atom and sulfhydryl group are active reaction check points, and can participate in a variety of classical organic reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution reactions, coupling reactions, etc. With these reactions, chemists can ingeniously construct complex and diverse organic compounds, providing a rich material basis and diverse synthesis strategies for the development of organic synthetic chemistry.
In short, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, with its unique chemical structure, plays a key role in many fields such as medicine, materials and organic synthesis, and has made great contributions to promoting technological progress and innovation in related fields.
In the field of medicinal chemistry, it plays a pivotal role. Because sulfur-containing compounds often have unique biological activities in the molecular structure of drugs, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene can be used as a key intermediate for the synthesis of a series of drugs with specific pharmacological activities. For example, in the synthesis of some antibacterial drugs, the introduction of sulfur-containing groups by this compound can effectively enhance the interaction between drugs and targets, improve antibacterial effects, and optimize the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs.
In the field of materials science, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is also widely used. For example, in the preparation of some functional polymer materials, this compound can participate in the polymerization reaction as a functional monomer. Its thio and chloro groups can undergo specific chemical reactions with other monomers, giving polymer materials unique properties, such as improving the conductivity, optical properties or enhancing the stability of materials, so as to meet the needs of different fields for special materials.
Furthermore, in the field of organic synthetic chemistry, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene is an extremely important synthetic building block. Its chlorine atom and sulfhydryl group are active reaction check points, and can participate in a variety of classical organic reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution reactions, coupling reactions, etc. With these reactions, chemists can ingeniously construct complex and diverse organic compounds, providing a rich material basis and diverse synthesis strategies for the development of organic synthetic chemistry.
In short, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, with its unique chemical structure, plays a key role in many fields such as medicine, materials and organic synthesis, and has made great contributions to promoting technological progress and innovation in related fields.
What are the physical properties of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene?
1-Chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, or p-chlorothiophenol, is an organic compound. Its physical properties are quite characteristic, and it is closely related to many aspects of chemical industry. It is of great significance in industrial practice and academic research.
Looking at its properties, p-chlorothiophenol mostly shows a light yellow to brown liquid shape at room temperature. This color feature is convenient for preliminary identification. In the process of material observation and quality control in chemical production, color and physical state are the basic judgment factors. If the color is too dark or the physical state is abnormal, it may suggest that the purity of the product is poor or there is a deviation in the production process.
When it comes to odor, it emits a strong and special pungent smell. Although this smell is significant, it can be used as an identification mark, but it also brings drawbacks. Due to its irritation, it poses a great threat to the working environment and human health during production, storage and use. Strict ventilation and protective measures are required to avoid respiratory discomfort and even poisoning caused by inhalation.
The melting point of p-chlorothiophenol is about 15 ° C, and the boiling point is in the range of 165-166 ° C. The melting point determines its phase transition under specific temperature conditions. In a low temperature environment, it may solidify from liquid to solid, affecting material transportation and reaction. The boiling point is related to chemical operations such as distillation and separation. In the purification process, the temperature can be precisely controlled according to the boiling point to achieve effective separation of p-chlorothiophenol and other substances.
The relative density of this compound is about 1.34g/cm ³, which is heavier than water. This property is crucial in operations involving liquid-liquid separation. For example, in the post-treatment stage of the reaction product, p-chlorothiophenol and aqueous substances can be initially separated by stratification by taking advantage of the density difference.
Its solubility also has characteristics, slightly soluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. In chemical synthesis and formulation design, it is necessary to choose an appropriate solvent according to the solubility to meet the reaction requirements or product application requirements. For example, when preparing some organic solution products, ethanol is selected as the solvent, which can fully dissolve p-chlorothiophenol and ensure the homogeneity and stability of the product.
Looking at its properties, p-chlorothiophenol mostly shows a light yellow to brown liquid shape at room temperature. This color feature is convenient for preliminary identification. In the process of material observation and quality control in chemical production, color and physical state are the basic judgment factors. If the color is too dark or the physical state is abnormal, it may suggest that the purity of the product is poor or there is a deviation in the production process.
When it comes to odor, it emits a strong and special pungent smell. Although this smell is significant, it can be used as an identification mark, but it also brings drawbacks. Due to its irritation, it poses a great threat to the working environment and human health during production, storage and use. Strict ventilation and protective measures are required to avoid respiratory discomfort and even poisoning caused by inhalation.
The melting point of p-chlorothiophenol is about 15 ° C, and the boiling point is in the range of 165-166 ° C. The melting point determines its phase transition under specific temperature conditions. In a low temperature environment, it may solidify from liquid to solid, affecting material transportation and reaction. The boiling point is related to chemical operations such as distillation and separation. In the purification process, the temperature can be precisely controlled according to the boiling point to achieve effective separation of p-chlorothiophenol and other substances.
The relative density of this compound is about 1.34g/cm ³, which is heavier than water. This property is crucial in operations involving liquid-liquid separation. For example, in the post-treatment stage of the reaction product, p-chlorothiophenol and aqueous substances can be initially separated by stratification by taking advantage of the density difference.
Its solubility also has characteristics, slightly soluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. In chemical synthesis and formulation design, it is necessary to choose an appropriate solvent according to the solubility to meet the reaction requirements or product application requirements. For example, when preparing some organic solution products, ethanol is selected as the solvent, which can fully dissolve p-chlorothiophenol and ensure the homogeneity and stability of the product.
What is the chemistry of 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene?
1 - chloro - 4 - mercaptobenzene is also an organic compound. Its molecular structure contains chlorine atoms and thiol groups, which are connected to the benzene ring para. This structure gives it unique chemical properties.
In terms of reactivity, chlorine atoms have nucleophilic substitution reactivity. Because of its electronegativity, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is reduced, and the ortho and para-sites are more susceptible to attack by nucleophiles. Nucleophiles such as hydroxyl anions and amino compounds can replace chlorine atoms to form corresponding phenols or amine derivatives. This reaction is carried out under mild conditions and is often carried out in alkaline solutions. The base can promote the formation of nucleophilic reagents and accelerate the reaction.
The presence of mercapto groups also gives the compound special properties. The thiol group has strong reducing property and is easy to be oxidized. In case of oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, etc., disulfide bonds can be formed. Disulfide bonds play a key role in the stability of protein structures in organisms. In organic synthesis, disulfide bonds can be used to form complex molecular structures. And the thiol group has weak acidity and can coordinate with metal ions to form stable complexes. This property has application potential in the field of metal ion detection and separation.
Furthermore, the conjugation system of benzene ring affects the molecular electron delocalization. It makes 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene have certain stability and participates in the electron transfer process. In photochemical reactions or electrochemical processes, benzene ring conjugated systems can absorb photons or transfer electrons, initiating various reactions and opening up new avenues for organic synthesis and materials science.
In addition, the solubility of the compound is affected by chlorine atoms and sulfhydryl groups. Chlorine atoms give molecules a certain polarity and are slightly soluble in polar solvents; sulfhydryl groups can form hydrogen bonds, increasing their solubility in hydrogen-bonding solvents such as water and alcohols. This solubility characteristic needs to be considered in the separation, purification and selection of reaction systems of compounds.
In summary, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene has broad application prospects in organic synthesis, materials science, biochemistry and other fields due to its unique structure and diverse chemical properties such as nucleophilic substitution, redox, coordination and photochemistry.
In terms of reactivity, chlorine atoms have nucleophilic substitution reactivity. Because of its electronegativity, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is reduced, and the ortho and para-sites are more susceptible to attack by nucleophiles. Nucleophiles such as hydroxyl anions and amino compounds can replace chlorine atoms to form corresponding phenols or amine derivatives. This reaction is carried out under mild conditions and is often carried out in alkaline solutions. The base can promote the formation of nucleophilic reagents and accelerate the reaction.
The presence of mercapto groups also gives the compound special properties. The thiol group has strong reducing property and is easy to be oxidized. In case of oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, etc., disulfide bonds can be formed. Disulfide bonds play a key role in the stability of protein structures in organisms. In organic synthesis, disulfide bonds can be used to form complex molecular structures. And the thiol group has weak acidity and can coordinate with metal ions to form stable complexes. This property has application potential in the field of metal ion detection and separation.
Furthermore, the conjugation system of benzene ring affects the molecular electron delocalization. It makes 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene have certain stability and participates in the electron transfer process. In photochemical reactions or electrochemical processes, benzene ring conjugated systems can absorb photons or transfer electrons, initiating various reactions and opening up new avenues for organic synthesis and materials science.
In addition, the solubility of the compound is affected by chlorine atoms and sulfhydryl groups. Chlorine atoms give molecules a certain polarity and are slightly soluble in polar solvents; sulfhydryl groups can form hydrogen bonds, increasing their solubility in hydrogen-bonding solvents such as water and alcohols. This solubility characteristic needs to be considered in the separation, purification and selection of reaction systems of compounds.
In summary, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene has broad application prospects in organic synthesis, materials science, biochemistry and other fields due to its unique structure and diverse chemical properties such as nucleophilic substitution, redox, coordination and photochemistry.
What are 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene synthesis methods?
There are many ways to synthesize 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene. One method can be started with p-chloronitrobenzene. P-chloronitrobenzene is first reduced by iron powder and hydrochloric acid as an agent, or by catalytic hydrogenation to obtain p-chloroaniline. P-chloroaniline is reacted by diazotization with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid to obtain diazonium salt. Then the diazonium salt is reacted with sulfides such as potassium hydrosulfide to obtain 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene.
Another method starts with p-chloroanisole. P-chloroanisole is first reacted with potassium thioacetate, and in a suitable temperature and solvent, p-chlorophenyl thioacetate is obtained. After hydrolysis, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene can be obtained by hydrolysis with alkali solution.
Furthermore, p-dichlorobenzene can also be used as raw material. The reaction of p-dichlorobenzene and sodium sulfide in an alcohol solvent under high temperature and pressure can directly generate 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene. After the reaction, the separation and purification steps, such as distillation, extraction, recrystallization, etc., can obtain pure 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene. All synthesis methods have advantages and disadvantages, and they need to be selected according to various factors such as the availability of raw materials, the level of cost, the difficulty of reaction and the purity of the product.
Another method starts with p-chloroanisole. P-chloroanisole is first reacted with potassium thioacetate, and in a suitable temperature and solvent, p-chlorophenyl thioacetate is obtained. After hydrolysis, 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene can be obtained by hydrolysis with alkali solution.
Furthermore, p-dichlorobenzene can also be used as raw material. The reaction of p-dichlorobenzene and sodium sulfide in an alcohol solvent under high temperature and pressure can directly generate 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene. After the reaction, the separation and purification steps, such as distillation, extraction, recrystallization, etc., can obtain pure 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene. All synthesis methods have advantages and disadvantages, and they need to be selected according to various factors such as the availability of raw materials, the level of cost, the difficulty of reaction and the purity of the product.
1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene What are the precautions during storage and transportation?
1-Chloro-4-mercaptobenzene must be stored and transported with caution. This is because the substance has certain characteristics, which are related to safety and quality, and should not be ignored.
First of all, it should be stored in a cool and well-ventilated place. Because a cool environment can slow down the chemical reactions that may occur, and a good ventilation can prevent the accumulation of gas to prevent danger. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within a specific range, and it must not be too high, otherwise it may cause changes in material properties and even cause danger. At the same time, keep away from fire and heat sources, both of which are potential dangerous factors, prone to fire and even explosion.
Furthermore, the substance must be stored separately from oxidants and acids, and must not be mixed. The edge oxidants and acids are easy to react chemically with 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, or cause violent reactions, endangering safety. And the storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks, in case of leakage, and can be dealt with in time to prevent their spread from causing greater harm.
As for transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the packaging is complete and the loading is secure before transportation. If the packaging is damaged, it may cause leakage during transportation. When transporting, follow the specified route, do not change at will, and do not stop in densely populated areas and residential areas. Transportation tools should also be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and no other chemicals should be left to avoid interaction with 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene. Transportation personnel should also be familiar with its characteristics and emergency treatment methods. In case of emergency, they can respond quickly to ensure transportation safety.
First of all, it should be stored in a cool and well-ventilated place. Because a cool environment can slow down the chemical reactions that may occur, and a good ventilation can prevent the accumulation of gas to prevent danger. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within a specific range, and it must not be too high, otherwise it may cause changes in material properties and even cause danger. At the same time, keep away from fire and heat sources, both of which are potential dangerous factors, prone to fire and even explosion.
Furthermore, the substance must be stored separately from oxidants and acids, and must not be mixed. The edge oxidants and acids are easy to react chemically with 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene, or cause violent reactions, endangering safety. And the storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks, in case of leakage, and can be dealt with in time to prevent their spread from causing greater harm.
As for transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the packaging is complete and the loading is secure before transportation. If the packaging is damaged, it may cause leakage during transportation. When transporting, follow the specified route, do not change at will, and do not stop in densely populated areas and residential areas. Transportation tools should also be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and no other chemicals should be left to avoid interaction with 1-chloro-4-mercaptobenzene. Transportation personnel should also be familiar with its characteristics and emergency treatment methods. In case of emergency, they can respond quickly to ensure transportation safety.
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