Linshang Chemical
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1-Chlorome-Thylbenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
941247 |
| Chemical Formula | C7H7Cl |
| Molar Mass | 126.58 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid |
| Odor | Pungent, irritating odor |
| Density | 1.100 g/cm³ at 20 °C |
| Boiling Point | 179 - 181 °C |
| Melting Point | -43 °C |
| Solubility In Water | Insoluble |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in most organic solvents |
| Flash Point | 65 °C |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.13 kPa at 20 °C |
| Refractive Index | 1.526 - 1.529 at 20 °C |
As an accredited 1-Chlorome-Thylbenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 1 - Chloromethylbenzene packaged in 5 - liter drums for convenient handling. |
| Storage | 1 - Chloromethylbenzene should be stored in a cool, well - ventilated area, away from sources of heat, sparks, and open flames as it is flammable. Keep it in a tightly closed container, preferably made of corrosion - resistant materials, to prevent leakage. Store it separately from oxidizing agents and reactive chemicals to avoid potential dangerous reactions. |
| Shipping | 1 - Chloromethylbenzene is a hazardous chemical. Shipping requires proper packaging in accordance with regulations, using containers suitable for its corrosive and flammable nature. It must be labeled clearly and transported by carriers licensed for such chemicals. |
Competitive 1-Chlorome-Thylbenzene prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
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What are the physical properties of 1-chloromethylbenzene?
1 - chloromethylbenzene is benzyl chloride. Its physical properties are as follows:
Benzyl chloride is a colorless to light yellow transparent liquid with a strong pungent odor. Its boiling point is about 179.4 ° C and its melting point is -43 ° C. The relative density (water = 1) is 1.100. At room temperature and pressure, the density is slightly larger than that of water. It can form an explosive mixture with air. In case of open flame, hot topic or contact with oxidant, there is a danger of combustion and explosion.
Benzyl chloride is slightly soluble in water and can be miscible in most organic solvents such as ethanol, chloroform, and ether. Because its molecular structure contains benzene ring and chloromethyl, it has a certain chemical activity and is an important intermediate in the field of organic synthesis.
This liquid has strong refractive properties. When it is illuminated or left for a long time, the color gradually changes yellow. Due to the action of air, it is hydrogen chloride and benzaldehyde. Its vapor is extremely toxic, and if inhaled a little, it will cause a headache, and even more, it can make people lethargic. Therefore, when using it, take care to protect it and do not allow it to be inhaled.
Benzyl chloride is a colorless to light yellow transparent liquid with a strong pungent odor. Its boiling point is about 179.4 ° C and its melting point is -43 ° C. The relative density (water = 1) is 1.100. At room temperature and pressure, the density is slightly larger than that of water. It can form an explosive mixture with air. In case of open flame, hot topic or contact with oxidant, there is a danger of combustion and explosion.
Benzyl chloride is slightly soluble in water and can be miscible in most organic solvents such as ethanol, chloroform, and ether. Because its molecular structure contains benzene ring and chloromethyl, it has a certain chemical activity and is an important intermediate in the field of organic synthesis.
This liquid has strong refractive properties. When it is illuminated or left for a long time, the color gradually changes yellow. Due to the action of air, it is hydrogen chloride and benzaldehyde. Its vapor is extremely toxic, and if inhaled a little, it will cause a headache, and even more, it can make people lethargic. Therefore, when using it, take care to protect it and do not allow it to be inhaled.
What are the chemical properties of 1-chloromethylbenzene?
1 - chloromethylbenzene, that is, benzyl chloride, is a kind of organic compound. It has the following chemical properties:
1. ** Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction **: In this compound, the chlorine atom of chloromethylbenzene is highly active and easily replaced by nucleophilic reagents. In case of water, under basic conditions, the chlorine atom can be replaced by a hydroxyl group to form benzyl alcohol. The mechanism of the reaction is that the hydroxide ion acts as a nucleophilic reagent to attack the carbon atom connected to the chlorine in the chlorine methyl group, and the chlorine atom leaves with a pair of electrons to form benzyl alcohol. If it reacts with alcohols in an alkaline environment, the alkoxy group will replace the chlorine atom to form the corresponding ether compound.
2. ** Hydrolysis Reaction **: In a strong alkali aqueous solution, benzyl chloride can be hydrolyzed, and chlorine atoms are replaced by hydroxyl groups to form benzyl alcohol and corresponding salts. During this reaction, hydroxide ions attack the chlorine methyl of benzyl chloride nucleophilically, causing chlorine to leave, achieving the purpose of hydrolysis.
3. ** Reaction with ammonia and amines **: Benzyl chloride can react with ammonia or amines. When ammonia reacts with benzyl chloride, the lone pair of electrons of nitrogen atoms in ammonia attacks the chlorine methyl of benzyl chloride, and the chlorine atoms leave to form benzyl amines. If reacted with secondary amines or tertiary amines, corresponding substituted benzyl amines will be formed. This is the category of nucleophilic substitution reactions.
4. ** Reaction with sodium cyanide **: Under appropriate conditions, benzyl chloride reacts with sodium cyanide, and the cyanyl group will replace the chlorine atom to form benzyl nitrile. This reaction can grow the carbon chain, and the generated benzyl nitrile can be converted into benzoic acid after further reactions, such as hydrolysis.
5. ** Reaction of benzene ring **: Although the main reaction of benzyl chloride occurs in chloromethyl, because it is connected to the benzene ring, the benzene ring will also affect its reactivity. At the same time, the benzene ring itself can also undergo some common reactions. For example, in the presence of a suitable catalyst, an electrophilic substitution reaction can occur. However, since chloromethyl is an ortho-para-site group, the electrophilic reagents mainly attack the ortho
1. ** Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction **: In this compound, the chlorine atom of chloromethylbenzene is highly active and easily replaced by nucleophilic reagents. In case of water, under basic conditions, the chlorine atom can be replaced by a hydroxyl group to form benzyl alcohol. The mechanism of the reaction is that the hydroxide ion acts as a nucleophilic reagent to attack the carbon atom connected to the chlorine in the chlorine methyl group, and the chlorine atom leaves with a pair of electrons to form benzyl alcohol. If it reacts with alcohols in an alkaline environment, the alkoxy group will replace the chlorine atom to form the corresponding ether compound.
2. ** Hydrolysis Reaction **: In a strong alkali aqueous solution, benzyl chloride can be hydrolyzed, and chlorine atoms are replaced by hydroxyl groups to form benzyl alcohol and corresponding salts. During this reaction, hydroxide ions attack the chlorine methyl of benzyl chloride nucleophilically, causing chlorine to leave, achieving the purpose of hydrolysis.
3. ** Reaction with ammonia and amines **: Benzyl chloride can react with ammonia or amines. When ammonia reacts with benzyl chloride, the lone pair of electrons of nitrogen atoms in ammonia attacks the chlorine methyl of benzyl chloride, and the chlorine atoms leave to form benzyl amines. If reacted with secondary amines or tertiary amines, corresponding substituted benzyl amines will be formed. This is the category of nucleophilic substitution reactions.
4. ** Reaction with sodium cyanide **: Under appropriate conditions, benzyl chloride reacts with sodium cyanide, and the cyanyl group will replace the chlorine atom to form benzyl nitrile. This reaction can grow the carbon chain, and the generated benzyl nitrile can be converted into benzoic acid after further reactions, such as hydrolysis.
5. ** Reaction of benzene ring **: Although the main reaction of benzyl chloride occurs in chloromethyl, because it is connected to the benzene ring, the benzene ring will also affect its reactivity. At the same time, the benzene ring itself can also undergo some common reactions. For example, in the presence of a suitable catalyst, an electrophilic substitution reaction can occur. However, since chloromethyl is an ortho-para-site group, the electrophilic reagents mainly attack the ortho
What are the main uses of 1-chloromethylbenzene?
1-Chloromethylbenzene, commonly known as benzyl chloride, is a crucial raw material in organic synthesis, and its main uses are extensive. It is described as follows:
First, it is used to prepare benzyl alcohol. Benzyl chloride is hydrolyzed and reacted with alkali solutions such as sodium hydroxide, and the chlorine atom is replaced by hydroxyl groups to obtain benzyl alcohol. Benzyl alcohol can be used as a setting agent in the fragrance industry; in the field of medicine, it can be used as a solvent and preservative, and it is widely used. Its chemical reaction formula is roughly:\ (C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} Cl + NaOH\ longrightarrow C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} OH + NaCl\).
Second, it is used to prepare phenylacetonitrile. Benzyl chloride and cyanides such as sodium cyanide undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction, and the chlorine atom is replaced by cyanyl group to form phenylacetonitrile. Phenylacetonitrile is a key intermediate in the synthesis of many drugs and fragrances. For example, in the synthesis of many cardiovascular drugs, phenylacetonitrile is an important starting material. The reaction process is roughly:\ (C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} Cl + NaCN\ longrightarrow C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} CN + NaCl\).
Third, it plays a significant role in the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts. Benzyl chloride can react with tertiary amines to form quaternary ammonium salts. Quaternary ammonium salts are widely used in the field of surfactants, such as detergents and softeners for daily chemical products. With their unique surface activity, they can reduce the surface tension of liquids and achieve cleaning, emulsification, and dispersion.
Fourth, it can be used to synthesize benzyl benzoate. Benzyl benzoate can be obtained by reacting benzyl chloride with sodium benzoate. Benzyl benzoate is used as a plasticizer in the plastics industry to improve the flexibility and plasticity of plastic products; in medicine, it can also be used as a scabies treatment drug.
In short, 1-chloromethylbenzene has active chemical properties and plays an indispensable role in many fields of organic synthesis, promoting the development of chemical, pharmaceutical, fragrance and many other industries.
First, it is used to prepare benzyl alcohol. Benzyl chloride is hydrolyzed and reacted with alkali solutions such as sodium hydroxide, and the chlorine atom is replaced by hydroxyl groups to obtain benzyl alcohol. Benzyl alcohol can be used as a setting agent in the fragrance industry; in the field of medicine, it can be used as a solvent and preservative, and it is widely used. Its chemical reaction formula is roughly:\ (C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} Cl + NaOH\ longrightarrow C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} OH + NaCl\).
Second, it is used to prepare phenylacetonitrile. Benzyl chloride and cyanides such as sodium cyanide undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction, and the chlorine atom is replaced by cyanyl group to form phenylacetonitrile. Phenylacetonitrile is a key intermediate in the synthesis of many drugs and fragrances. For example, in the synthesis of many cardiovascular drugs, phenylacetonitrile is an important starting material. The reaction process is roughly:\ (C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} Cl + NaCN\ longrightarrow C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} CN + NaCl\).
Third, it plays a significant role in the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts. Benzyl chloride can react with tertiary amines to form quaternary ammonium salts. Quaternary ammonium salts are widely used in the field of surfactants, such as detergents and softeners for daily chemical products. With their unique surface activity, they can reduce the surface tension of liquids and achieve cleaning, emulsification, and dispersion.
Fourth, it can be used to synthesize benzyl benzoate. Benzyl benzoate can be obtained by reacting benzyl chloride with sodium benzoate. Benzyl benzoate is used as a plasticizer in the plastics industry to improve the flexibility and plasticity of plastic products; in medicine, it can also be used as a scabies treatment drug.
In short, 1-chloromethylbenzene has active chemical properties and plays an indispensable role in many fields of organic synthesis, promoting the development of chemical, pharmaceutical, fragrance and many other industries.
What is the preparation method of 1-chloromethylbenzene?
The method of preparation of 1-chloromethylbenzene, that is, benzyl chloride, has never been heard of in ancient times, but now it is the technology of chemistry.
First, using toluene as raw material, light chlorination can be obtained. Cover toluene and chlorine under the condition of light, radical substitution reaction occurs. Under the action of light, the covalent bond of chlorine molecules cleaves to produce chlorine free radicals. The methyl hydrogen of toluene is affected by the benzene ring and has a certain activity. The chlorine radical can capture a hydrogen atom on the methyl group to form a benzyl radical. The benzyl radical reacts with the chlorine molecule to generate 1-chloromethylbenzene and hydrogen chloride. This reaction needs to be carried out under specific light intensity and temperature. If the temperature is too high or the light is too strong, it is easy to generate polychlorinated compounds, which affects the purity of the product.
Second, it is prepared by the reaction of benzyl alcohol and thionyl chloride. Benzyl alcohol and thionyl chloride undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction. The chlorine atom in thionyl chloride nucleophilically attacks the hydroxyl carbon atom of benzyl alcohol, and the hydroxyl oxygen binds to the sulfur atom of thionyl chloride. Then the oxygen-sulfur bond in thionyl chloride breaks, and sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride gas escape to form 1-chloromethylbenzene. This reaction condition is relatively mild, the product is easy to separate and purify, and the by-product is a gas, which is environmentally friendly, so it is often selected for laboratory preparation.
Or, using benzaldehyde as a raw material, benzyl alcohol is first reduced, and then reacted with thionyl chloride according to the previous method, and 1-chloromethylbenzene can also be obtained. However, this path step is slightly more complex and the cost may increase, so it is not as widely used as the previous two.
First, using toluene as raw material, light chlorination can be obtained. Cover toluene and chlorine under the condition of light, radical substitution reaction occurs. Under the action of light, the covalent bond of chlorine molecules cleaves to produce chlorine free radicals. The methyl hydrogen of toluene is affected by the benzene ring and has a certain activity. The chlorine radical can capture a hydrogen atom on the methyl group to form a benzyl radical. The benzyl radical reacts with the chlorine molecule to generate 1-chloromethylbenzene and hydrogen chloride. This reaction needs to be carried out under specific light intensity and temperature. If the temperature is too high or the light is too strong, it is easy to generate polychlorinated compounds, which affects the purity of the product.
Second, it is prepared by the reaction of benzyl alcohol and thionyl chloride. Benzyl alcohol and thionyl chloride undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction. The chlorine atom in thionyl chloride nucleophilically attacks the hydroxyl carbon atom of benzyl alcohol, and the hydroxyl oxygen binds to the sulfur atom of thionyl chloride. Then the oxygen-sulfur bond in thionyl chloride breaks, and sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride gas escape to form 1-chloromethylbenzene. This reaction condition is relatively mild, the product is easy to separate and purify, and the by-product is a gas, which is environmentally friendly, so it is often selected for laboratory preparation.
Or, using benzaldehyde as a raw material, benzyl alcohol is first reduced, and then reacted with thionyl chloride according to the previous method, and 1-chloromethylbenzene can also be obtained. However, this path step is slightly more complex and the cost may increase, so it is not as widely used as the previous two.
1-chloromethylbenzene what are the precautions during use
For 1-chloromethylbenzene, there are several things to pay attention to when using it.
First, this product is toxic and is related to human health and should not be taken lightly. Its gas is pungent, if inhaled too much, it may cause headaches, dizziness, and even damage to the respiratory and nervous systems. And contact with the skin, or cause allergies or burns. When using, you must wear full protection, wear protective clothing, protective gloves and goggles, and a gas mask to keep yourself safe.
Second, 1-chloromethylbenzene is flammable, and it is very easy to explode at high temperatures, open flames or oxidants. Therefore, the place of storage and use must be kept away from fire sources, heat sources, and fireworks are prohibited. It should also be stored separately from oxidizing agents, acids, etc. to prevent dangerous reactions. Store in a cool and ventilated place, control the temperature and humidity, and dispose of according to the specified method.
Third, its chemical reactivity is high, and when participating in the reaction, the reaction conditions need to be precisely controlled. Such as reaction temperature, time, and the proportion of reactants, etc., if there is a slight poor pool, the reaction may be difficult to achieve expectations, or unexpected side reactions may occur. Experiments or industrial production should be conducted in accordance with scientific methods and processes. First, small-scale tests should be conducted to observe the reaction situation, and then amplified.
Fourth, after use, the remaining 1-chloromethylbenzene and waste should not be discarded at will. It needs to be handled properly in accordance with environmental regulations to prevent pollution to the environment. The experimental utensils should also be carefully cleaned to remove residues.
In short, when making 1-chloromethylbenzene, care must be taken to ensure safety, compliance with regulations, and follow the process to ensure personnel safety and smooth production.
First, this product is toxic and is related to human health and should not be taken lightly. Its gas is pungent, if inhaled too much, it may cause headaches, dizziness, and even damage to the respiratory and nervous systems. And contact with the skin, or cause allergies or burns. When using, you must wear full protection, wear protective clothing, protective gloves and goggles, and a gas mask to keep yourself safe.
Second, 1-chloromethylbenzene is flammable, and it is very easy to explode at high temperatures, open flames or oxidants. Therefore, the place of storage and use must be kept away from fire sources, heat sources, and fireworks are prohibited. It should also be stored separately from oxidizing agents, acids, etc. to prevent dangerous reactions. Store in a cool and ventilated place, control the temperature and humidity, and dispose of according to the specified method.
Third, its chemical reactivity is high, and when participating in the reaction, the reaction conditions need to be precisely controlled. Such as reaction temperature, time, and the proportion of reactants, etc., if there is a slight poor pool, the reaction may be difficult to achieve expectations, or unexpected side reactions may occur. Experiments or industrial production should be conducted in accordance with scientific methods and processes. First, small-scale tests should be conducted to observe the reaction situation, and then amplified.
Fourth, after use, the remaining 1-chloromethylbenzene and waste should not be discarded at will. It needs to be handled properly in accordance with environmental regulations to prevent pollution to the environment. The experimental utensils should also be carefully cleaned to remove residues.
In short, when making 1-chloromethylbenzene, care must be taken to ensure safety, compliance with regulations, and follow the process to ensure personnel safety and smooth production.
What are the physical properties of 1-chloromethylbenzene?
1-Chloromethylbenzene, also known as benzyl chloride, has the following physical properties:
This substance is a colorless to yellowish transparent liquid at room temperature and pressure. It has a strong pungent smell, like a pungent fragrance, but its smell is by no means pleasant, and it is uncomfortable to smell.
Its boiling point is about 179.4 ° C. At this temperature, the liquid will turn into a gaseous state and rise. The melting point is -39 ° C. When the temperature drops to that, the substance will condense from liquid to solid.
The density of 1-chloromethylbenzene is higher than that of water, about 1.1004 g/cm ³, so if it is mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom of the water. And it is difficult to dissolve in water, the two are like strangers who are incompatible with each other, and it is difficult to blend. However, it can be miscible with organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform, just like confidants meeting and fusing into one.
In addition, 1-chloromethylbenzene is volatile. In the air, its molecules are easily dissipated, causing its smell in the air. Its vapor is heavier than air and can spread along the ground. In case of open flames and hot topics, it is very easy to burn and explode. It is a dangerous thing and needs to be treated with caution.
This substance is a colorless to yellowish transparent liquid at room temperature and pressure. It has a strong pungent smell, like a pungent fragrance, but its smell is by no means pleasant, and it is uncomfortable to smell.
Its boiling point is about 179.4 ° C. At this temperature, the liquid will turn into a gaseous state and rise. The melting point is -39 ° C. When the temperature drops to that, the substance will condense from liquid to solid.
The density of 1-chloromethylbenzene is higher than that of water, about 1.1004 g/cm ³, so if it is mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom of the water. And it is difficult to dissolve in water, the two are like strangers who are incompatible with each other, and it is difficult to blend. However, it can be miscible with organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform, just like confidants meeting and fusing into one.
In addition, 1-chloromethylbenzene is volatile. In the air, its molecules are easily dissipated, causing its smell in the air. Its vapor is heavier than air and can spread along the ground. In case of open flames and hot topics, it is very easy to burn and explode. It is a dangerous thing and needs to be treated with caution.
What are the chemical properties of 1-chloromethylbenzene?
1 - chloromethylbenzene, or benzyl chloride, is an organic compound with unique chemical properties. Its chemical properties are as follows:
First, nucleophilic substitution reaction. The chlorine atoms in benzyl chloride are highly active due to their connection to benzene rings. When encountering nucleophiles, chlorine atoms are easily replaced. Taking the reaction with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution as an example, the hydroxyl nucleophilic reagent will attack the carbon atoms connected to chlorine in benzyl chloride, and the chlorine atoms leave to form benzyl alcohol. This is a common method for preparing alcohols. If reacted with sodium alcohol, alkoxy groups will replace chlorine atoms to form corresponding ether compounds.
Second, hydrolysis reaction. In the presence of water and a suitable catalyst, benzyl chloride can hydrolyze. This process is actually a nucleophilic attack of the hydroxy-p-benzyl chloride in the water molecule. After the gradual reaction, the chlorine is replaced by the hydroxyl group to form benzyl alcohol and hydrogen chloride. This reaction can be used to introduce hydroxyl functional groups in organic synthesis.
Third, react with ammonia or amines. Benzyl chloride can undergo nucleophilic substitution with ammonia or amine compounds. The nitrogen atom in ammonia has lone pair electrons and is nucleophilic. It can attack the carbon atom connected to chlorine in benzyl chloride, and the chlorine atom leaves to form benzyl amine. If it reacts with secondary or tertiary amines, it can generate corresponding secondary amines or tertiary amine derivatives. This reaction is of great significance for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing organic compounds.
Fourth, elimination reaction. Under the action of strong bases such as sodium alcohol, benzyl chloride can eliminate reaction. The hydrogen atom on the chlorine atom and the adjacent carbon atom is removed under the action of strong base to form styrene, sodium halide and alcohol, which is one of the important ways to prepare styrene derivatives.
Fifth, free radical reaction. Benzyl chloride can undergo free radical reaction in the presence of light or initiator. Benzyl free gene benzyl ring conjugation effect is relatively stable, so under specific conditions, benzyl chloride in carbon-chlorine bond homogenization produces benzyl radical, which then reacts with other free radicals or unsaturated compounds, which is very important in free radical polymerization or the construction of carbon-carbon bond reactions. In conclusion, 1-chloromethylbenzene has active chemical properties and is widely used in organic synthesis, such as nucleophilic substitution, hydrolysis, reaction with ammonia or amine, elimination, and free radical reaction.
First, nucleophilic substitution reaction. The chlorine atoms in benzyl chloride are highly active due to their connection to benzene rings. When encountering nucleophiles, chlorine atoms are easily replaced. Taking the reaction with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution as an example, the hydroxyl nucleophilic reagent will attack the carbon atoms connected to chlorine in benzyl chloride, and the chlorine atoms leave to form benzyl alcohol. This is a common method for preparing alcohols. If reacted with sodium alcohol, alkoxy groups will replace chlorine atoms to form corresponding ether compounds.
Second, hydrolysis reaction. In the presence of water and a suitable catalyst, benzyl chloride can hydrolyze. This process is actually a nucleophilic attack of the hydroxy-p-benzyl chloride in the water molecule. After the gradual reaction, the chlorine is replaced by the hydroxyl group to form benzyl alcohol and hydrogen chloride. This reaction can be used to introduce hydroxyl functional groups in organic synthesis.
Third, react with ammonia or amines. Benzyl chloride can undergo nucleophilic substitution with ammonia or amine compounds. The nitrogen atom in ammonia has lone pair electrons and is nucleophilic. It can attack the carbon atom connected to chlorine in benzyl chloride, and the chlorine atom leaves to form benzyl amine. If it reacts with secondary or tertiary amines, it can generate corresponding secondary amines or tertiary amine derivatives. This reaction is of great significance for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing organic compounds.
Fourth, elimination reaction. Under the action of strong bases such as sodium alcohol, benzyl chloride can eliminate reaction. The hydrogen atom on the chlorine atom and the adjacent carbon atom is removed under the action of strong base to form styrene, sodium halide and alcohol, which is one of the important ways to prepare styrene derivatives.
Fifth, free radical reaction. Benzyl chloride can undergo free radical reaction in the presence of light or initiator. Benzyl free gene benzyl ring conjugation effect is relatively stable, so under specific conditions, benzyl chloride in carbon-chlorine bond homogenization produces benzyl radical, which then reacts with other free radicals or unsaturated compounds, which is very important in free radical polymerization or the construction of carbon-carbon bond reactions. In conclusion, 1-chloromethylbenzene has active chemical properties and is widely used in organic synthesis, such as nucleophilic substitution, hydrolysis, reaction with ammonia or amine, elimination, and free radical reaction.
What are the main uses of 1-chloromethylbenzene?
1 - chloromethylbenzene, that is, benzyl chloride, its main uses are as follows:
Benzyl chloride is an important raw material for organic synthesis. In the field of medicine, it is often used as a key intermediate. For example, many drugs can be prepared through a series of reactions, making great contributions to human treatment. In the synthesis path of many antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, benzyl chloride is often one of the starting materials. By substitution and addition reactions with other compounds, the specific structure of drug molecules is gradually constructed.
In the field of pesticides, benzyl chloride also plays an important role. Based on benzyl chloride, a variety of pesticide products can be synthesized. Such pesticides can effectively control crop diseases and pests, improve food yield and quality, ensure a bumper agricultural harvest, and ensure the food supply of the people.
Fragrance synthesis is also an important application direction of benzyl chloride. Through clever chemical reaction, benzyl chloride can be converted into compounds with unique aroma. These fragrances are widely used in perfumes, cosmetics, food additives and other industries to give products a pleasant aroma, improve product quality and attractiveness.
In addition, benzyl chloride can also be used to synthesize resins. By polymerizing with specific monomers, resin materials with different properties are generated. Such resins are widely used in industrial production, plastic product manufacturing, etc., such as the manufacture of various plastic pipes, plates, etc., to meet the material needs of different fields.
To sum up, 1-chloromethylbenzene is indispensable in many fields such as medicine, pesticides, flavors and resin synthesis, and has a profound impact on human life and industrial production.
Benzyl chloride is an important raw material for organic synthesis. In the field of medicine, it is often used as a key intermediate. For example, many drugs can be prepared through a series of reactions, making great contributions to human treatment. In the synthesis path of many antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, benzyl chloride is often one of the starting materials. By substitution and addition reactions with other compounds, the specific structure of drug molecules is gradually constructed.
In the field of pesticides, benzyl chloride also plays an important role. Based on benzyl chloride, a variety of pesticide products can be synthesized. Such pesticides can effectively control crop diseases and pests, improve food yield and quality, ensure a bumper agricultural harvest, and ensure the food supply of the people.
Fragrance synthesis is also an important application direction of benzyl chloride. Through clever chemical reaction, benzyl chloride can be converted into compounds with unique aroma. These fragrances are widely used in perfumes, cosmetics, food additives and other industries to give products a pleasant aroma, improve product quality and attractiveness.
In addition, benzyl chloride can also be used to synthesize resins. By polymerizing with specific monomers, resin materials with different properties are generated. Such resins are widely used in industrial production, plastic product manufacturing, etc., such as the manufacture of various plastic pipes, plates, etc., to meet the material needs of different fields.
To sum up, 1-chloromethylbenzene is indispensable in many fields such as medicine, pesticides, flavors and resin synthesis, and has a profound impact on human life and industrial production.
What are 1-chloromethylbenzene synthesis methods?
1-Chloromethylbenzene, also known as benzyl chloride, is synthesized by a variety of methods, which I will describe in detail today.
First, toluene is used as a starting material to react with chlorine under the conditions of light or the presence of an initiator. This reaction process is a radical substitution reaction. When illuminated, chlorine molecules absorb light energy and split into chlorine radicals. The hydrogen atom on the methyl group of toluene is attacked by chlorine radicals to form benzyl radicals, which are then combined with chlorine radicals to obtain 1-chloromethylbenzene. The reaction formula is:\ (C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {3} + Cl_ {2}\ xrightarrow {light or initiator} C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} Cl + HCl\). This method is relatively simple to operate and the raw materials are easy to obtain. However, the reaction selectivity is poor, in addition to generating the target product 1-chloromethylbenzene, it will also produce polychlorinated products, which will make subsequent separation difficult.
Second, it can be prepared by the reaction of benzyl alcohol with chlorination reagents. Commonly used chlorination reagents include sulfoxide chloride (\ (SOCl_ {2}\)), phosphorus trichloride (\ (PCl_ {3}\)), etc. Taking thionyl chloride as an example, during the reaction, the hydroxyl group of benzyl alcohol is replaced by the chlorine atom in thionyl chloride to generate 1-chloromethylbenzene, and the thionyl chloride is converted into sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride gas to escape. The reaction formula is:\ (C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} OH + SOCl_ {2}\ rightarrow C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} Cl + SO_ {2}\ uparrow + HCl\ uparrow\). The advantages of this method are that the reaction conditions are mild, the product purity is high, and the by-products are easy to separate and remove. However, reagents such as thionyl chloride have certain toxicity and corrosiveness, and the operation requirements are stricter.
Third, benzene, formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride are used as raw materials to react under the action of Lewis acid catalysts such as anhydrous zinc chloride. This reaction belongs to Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. The electron cloud density on the benzene ring is high, formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride generate chloromethyl positive ions under the action of the catalyst, and chloromethyl positive ions attack the benzene ring, and an electrophilic substitution reaction occurs to generate 1-chloromethylbenzene. This method has high atomic utilization rate and relatively low raw material cost. However, the reaction requires high catalyst and harsh reaction conditions, which requires an anhydrous environment.
First, toluene is used as a starting material to react with chlorine under the conditions of light or the presence of an initiator. This reaction process is a radical substitution reaction. When illuminated, chlorine molecules absorb light energy and split into chlorine radicals. The hydrogen atom on the methyl group of toluene is attacked by chlorine radicals to form benzyl radicals, which are then combined with chlorine radicals to obtain 1-chloromethylbenzene. The reaction formula is:\ (C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {3} + Cl_ {2}\ xrightarrow {light or initiator} C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} Cl + HCl\). This method is relatively simple to operate and the raw materials are easy to obtain. However, the reaction selectivity is poor, in addition to generating the target product 1-chloromethylbenzene, it will also produce polychlorinated products, which will make subsequent separation difficult.
Second, it can be prepared by the reaction of benzyl alcohol with chlorination reagents. Commonly used chlorination reagents include sulfoxide chloride (\ (SOCl_ {2}\)), phosphorus trichloride (\ (PCl_ {3}\)), etc. Taking thionyl chloride as an example, during the reaction, the hydroxyl group of benzyl alcohol is replaced by the chlorine atom in thionyl chloride to generate 1-chloromethylbenzene, and the thionyl chloride is converted into sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride gas to escape. The reaction formula is:\ (C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} OH + SOCl_ {2}\ rightarrow C_ {6} H_ {5} CH_ {2} Cl + SO_ {2}\ uparrow + HCl\ uparrow\). The advantages of this method are that the reaction conditions are mild, the product purity is high, and the by-products are easy to separate and remove. However, reagents such as thionyl chloride have certain toxicity and corrosiveness, and the operation requirements are stricter.
Third, benzene, formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride are used as raw materials to react under the action of Lewis acid catalysts such as anhydrous zinc chloride. This reaction belongs to Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. The electron cloud density on the benzene ring is high, formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride generate chloromethyl positive ions under the action of the catalyst, and chloromethyl positive ions attack the benzene ring, and an electrophilic substitution reaction occurs to generate 1-chloromethylbenzene. This method has high atomic utilization rate and relatively low raw material cost. However, the reaction requires high catalyst and harsh reaction conditions, which requires an anhydrous environment.
1-chloromethylbenzene what are the precautions during use?
1-Chloromethylbenzene, also known as benzyl chloride, is highly toxic and highly irritating. When using it, you must be very cautious and strictly observe the following precautions:
First, it is related to personnel protection. Users must wear protective clothing, protective gloves and goggles to prevent skin contact and eye splashing. Because it is extremely irritating to the skin and eyes, a little inadvertent contact can cause serious consequences such as burns. At the same time, you need to wear a gas mask, because the volatile vapor can invade the human body through the respiratory tract and damage the respiratory system.
Second, it involves the operating environment. The operation should be placed in a well-ventilated place, preferably in a fume hood. This can disperse the volatile steam in time, reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the air, and avoid the risk of poisoning caused by the accumulation of steam. And the operation area should be strictly prohibited from fireworks, 1-chloromethylbenzene is flammable, and it is easy to burn and explode in case of open flames and hot topics, causing serious safety accidents.
Third, it is related to storage management. It should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, away from fires and heat sources. It should be stored separately from oxidants and alkalis, and mixed storage should not be avoided. Due to its active chemical properties, severe reactions may occur in contact with these substances. The storage area should also be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks to prevent accidental leakage from causing greater harm.
Fourth, for emergency treatment. If a leak occurs accidentally, personnel from the contaminated area of the leak should be quickly evacuated to a safe area and quarantined to strictly restrict access. Emergency personnel need to wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and anti-virus clothing. Cut off the source of the leak as much as possible to prevent it from flowing into the restricted space such as sewers and flood ditches. In the case of a small amount of leakage, you can mix it with sand, dry lime or soda ash, and then collect it and transport it to the waste treatment site for disposal. In the case of a large number of leaks, you need to build an embankment or dig a pit for containment, cover it with foam to reduce steam disasters, and then transfer it to a tanker or a special collector with an explosion-proof pump for recycling or transportation to the waste treatment site for disposal. If someone comes into contact with or eats it by mistake, you should take
First, it is related to personnel protection. Users must wear protective clothing, protective gloves and goggles to prevent skin contact and eye splashing. Because it is extremely irritating to the skin and eyes, a little inadvertent contact can cause serious consequences such as burns. At the same time, you need to wear a gas mask, because the volatile vapor can invade the human body through the respiratory tract and damage the respiratory system.
Second, it involves the operating environment. The operation should be placed in a well-ventilated place, preferably in a fume hood. This can disperse the volatile steam in time, reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the air, and avoid the risk of poisoning caused by the accumulation of steam. And the operation area should be strictly prohibited from fireworks, 1-chloromethylbenzene is flammable, and it is easy to burn and explode in case of open flames and hot topics, causing serious safety accidents.
Third, it is related to storage management. It should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, away from fires and heat sources. It should be stored separately from oxidants and alkalis, and mixed storage should not be avoided. Due to its active chemical properties, severe reactions may occur in contact with these substances. The storage area should also be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks to prevent accidental leakage from causing greater harm.
Fourth, for emergency treatment. If a leak occurs accidentally, personnel from the contaminated area of the leak should be quickly evacuated to a safe area and quarantined to strictly restrict access. Emergency personnel need to wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and anti-virus clothing. Cut off the source of the leak as much as possible to prevent it from flowing into the restricted space such as sewers and flood ditches. In the case of a small amount of leakage, you can mix it with sand, dry lime or soda ash, and then collect it and transport it to the waste treatment site for disposal. In the case of a large number of leaks, you need to build an embankment or dig a pit for containment, cover it with foam to reduce steam disasters, and then transfer it to a tanker or a special collector with an explosion-proof pump for recycling or transportation to the waste treatment site for disposal. If someone comes into contact with or eats it by mistake, you should take
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