Linshang Chemical
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2-Chloro-4-Nitro-1-Methylbenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
563131 |
| Chemical Formula | C7H6ClNO2 |
| Molar Mass | 171.58 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellowish solid |
| Odor | Typical aromatic odor |
| Melting Point | 43 - 45 °C |
| Boiling Point | 256 - 258 °C |
| Density | 1.38 g/cm³ |
| Solubility In Water | Insoluble |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in common organic solvents like ethanol, ether |
| Flash Point | 116 °C |
| Stability | Stable under normal conditions, but may react with strong oxidizing agents |
As an accredited 2-Chloro-4-Nitro-1-Methylbenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 250 - gram bottle packaging for 2 - chloro - 4 - nitro - 1 - methylbenzene chemical. |
| Storage | 2 - chloro - 4 - nitro - 1 - methylbenzene should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area, away from sources of ignition and heat. Keep it in a tightly sealed container to prevent vapor leakage. Store it separately from oxidizing agents, reducing agents, and bases as it may react with them. Use appropriate storage cabinets made for hazardous chemicals. |
| Shipping | 2 - chloro - 4 - nitro - 1 - methylbenzene is a hazardous chemical. It should be shipped in well - sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. Follow all relevant regulations, with proper labeling indicating its hazardous nature for safe transportation. |
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What is the Chinese name of 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene?
2-Chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene is one of the organic compounds. Its naming follows chemical naming rules. "2-chloro" means that the carbon atom attached to the methyl group on the benzene ring is No. 1 carbon, with a chlorine atom substituted at the second position; "4-nitro" means that there is a nitro substitution at the fourth position; "1-methyl" means that the carbon at the first position is connected with a methyl group.
Looking at the name of this compound, its structural characteristics can be seen. The benzene ring is the parent, and the substituents at different positions on it give it unique chemical properties. Chlorine atoms, nitro groups and methyl groups each have their own characteristics and interact with each other, so that the compound exhibits special reactivity.
In the field of organic chemistry, it is essential to accurately name the compound. This name allows chemists to accurately describe and communicate the substance, whether in research, synthesis, or analysis of its properties, they can clearly know the structure of the compound involved, and then infer its possible behavior and reaction path. It is named 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene, which is an indispensable symbol for chemical research and practice.
Looking at the name of this compound, its structural characteristics can be seen. The benzene ring is the parent, and the substituents at different positions on it give it unique chemical properties. Chlorine atoms, nitro groups and methyl groups each have their own characteristics and interact with each other, so that the compound exhibits special reactivity.
In the field of organic chemistry, it is essential to accurately name the compound. This name allows chemists to accurately describe and communicate the substance, whether in research, synthesis, or analysis of its properties, they can clearly know the structure of the compound involved, and then infer its possible behavior and reaction path. It is named 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene, which is an indispensable symbol for chemical research and practice.
What are the chemical properties of 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene?
2-Chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene, this is an organic compound. Its chemical properties are particularly important, and it is related to many chemical reactions and practical applications.
The substitution reaction is first discussed. Because of the chlorine atom, nitro group and methyl group on the benzene ring, these groups have different effects on the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, causing the activity of the benzene ring to change. Methyl is the driving radical, which increases the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, and the electrophilic substitution reaction easily occurs in the ortho and para-position of the methyl group; while the nitro and chlorine atoms are electron-absorbing groups, which decreases the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, and the Therefore, when 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction, the new group mainly introduces methyl ortho-and para-sites.
Let's talk about its oxidation reaction. Methyl groups have certain reducing properties. When encountering strong oxidants, such as acidic potassium permanganate solution, methyl groups can be oxidized to carboxyl groups to obtain 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid.
It also has its reduction reaction. Nitro groups can be reduced, and iron and hydrochloric acid are used as reducing agents. Nitro groups can be reduced to amino groups to generate 2-chloro-4-amino-1-methylbenzene. This product is of great significance in the synthesis of amino-containing organic compounds.
In addition, the reaction of halogen atom chlorine should not be underestimated. Under the condition of nucleophilic substitution reaction, chlorine atoms can be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents, such as co-heating with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, chlorine atoms are replaced by hydroxyl groups to form 2-hydroxy-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene; when reacted with sodium alcohol, chlorine atoms are replaced by alkoxy groups.
2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylphenyl contains different functional groups, which exhibit diverse chemical properties and are widely used in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used to prepare various organic compounds.
The substitution reaction is first discussed. Because of the chlorine atom, nitro group and methyl group on the benzene ring, these groups have different effects on the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, causing the activity of the benzene ring to change. Methyl is the driving radical, which increases the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, and the electrophilic substitution reaction easily occurs in the ortho and para-position of the methyl group; while the nitro and chlorine atoms are electron-absorbing groups, which decreases the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, and the Therefore, when 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction, the new group mainly introduces methyl ortho-and para-sites.
Let's talk about its oxidation reaction. Methyl groups have certain reducing properties. When encountering strong oxidants, such as acidic potassium permanganate solution, methyl groups can be oxidized to carboxyl groups to obtain 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid.
It also has its reduction reaction. Nitro groups can be reduced, and iron and hydrochloric acid are used as reducing agents. Nitro groups can be reduced to amino groups to generate 2-chloro-4-amino-1-methylbenzene. This product is of great significance in the synthesis of amino-containing organic compounds.
In addition, the reaction of halogen atom chlorine should not be underestimated. Under the condition of nucleophilic substitution reaction, chlorine atoms can be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents, such as co-heating with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, chlorine atoms are replaced by hydroxyl groups to form 2-hydroxy-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene; when reacted with sodium alcohol, chlorine atoms are replaced by alkoxy groups.
2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylphenyl contains different functional groups, which exhibit diverse chemical properties and are widely used in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used to prepare various organic compounds.
What are the common uses of 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene?
2-Chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene is often obtained by chemical synthesis. The synthesis method is based on the principle of organic chemistry, and various chemical reactions and steps are used to achieve the purpose of preparing this substance.
Common preparation methods, one is to use toluene as the initial raw material. On toluene, the nitro group is introduced first. This process requires specific reaction conditions, such as in the mixed acid system of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, the temperature, ratio and other factors are controlled, so that the nitro group precisely falls at a specific position in the toluene-benzene ring to form the nitrotoluene isomer. Among them, 4-nitrotoluene is one of the required intermediates.
Then, for 4-nitrotoluene, chlorine atoms are introduced. At this time, the halogenation reaction is often used, with suitable chlorination reagents, such as chlorine gas, thionyl chloride, etc., under the catalytic action of catalysts, in an appropriate reaction environment, the chlorine atom replaces the hydrogen atom at a specific position on the benzene ring, and finally obtains 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene.
Or, the toluene is chlorinated first to obtain chlorotoluene, and then nitrified to obtain the target product. However, this path requires fine control of the reaction conditions. Due to the reactivity and localization effect of chlorination and nitrification, the selectivity and purity of the product will be affected.
In addition, in the process of organic synthesis, it is necessary to pay attention to the precise control of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, reactant concentration, reaction time, etc. If there is a slight difference, side reactions will easily occur, affecting the yield and quality of the product. And the post-processing steps are also crucial, including the separation and purification of the product. It is often necessary to use distillation, extraction, recrystallization and other means to obtain high-purity 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene.
Common preparation methods, one is to use toluene as the initial raw material. On toluene, the nitro group is introduced first. This process requires specific reaction conditions, such as in the mixed acid system of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, the temperature, ratio and other factors are controlled, so that the nitro group precisely falls at a specific position in the toluene-benzene ring to form the nitrotoluene isomer. Among them, 4-nitrotoluene is one of the required intermediates.
Then, for 4-nitrotoluene, chlorine atoms are introduced. At this time, the halogenation reaction is often used, with suitable chlorination reagents, such as chlorine gas, thionyl chloride, etc., under the catalytic action of catalysts, in an appropriate reaction environment, the chlorine atom replaces the hydrogen atom at a specific position on the benzene ring, and finally obtains 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene.
Or, the toluene is chlorinated first to obtain chlorotoluene, and then nitrified to obtain the target product. However, this path requires fine control of the reaction conditions. Due to the reactivity and localization effect of chlorination and nitrification, the selectivity and purity of the product will be affected.
In addition, in the process of organic synthesis, it is necessary to pay attention to the precise control of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, reactant concentration, reaction time, etc. If there is a slight difference, side reactions will easily occur, affecting the yield and quality of the product. And the post-processing steps are also crucial, including the separation and purification of the product. It is often necessary to use distillation, extraction, recrystallization and other means to obtain high-purity 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene.
What are 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene synthesis methods?
To prepare 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene, follow the numerical method.
First, p-methylchlorobenzene is used as the starting material. First, p-methylchlorobenzene is heated with mixed acid (a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid) and nitrified. At this time, nitric acid is catalyzed by sulfuric acid to form nitroyl positive ions (\ (NO_ {2 }^{+}\)）， which have strong electrophilicity and attack the benzene ring. Due to the fact that methyl is an ortho-and para-site group, chlorine is also an ortho-and para-site group, and the activation effect of methyl is stronger than that of chlorine, nitro is mainly introduced into the para-site of methyl to obtain 4-chloro-2-nitro-1-methylbenzene. However, the product or impurities need to be separated and purified, such as distillation and recrystallization to obtain pure 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene.
Second, p-nitrotoluene is used as the starting material. 2-Chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene can be obtained by substituting p-nitrotoluene with chlorine under appropriate conditions, such as light or in the presence of catalysts (such as iron filings and other iron halide). However, in this reaction, the hydrogen atoms on the methyl group can be replaced by chlorine, which is prone to polychlorinated substitutes. Therefore, precise temperature control and chlorine dosage are required to increase the yield of the target product. At the same time, the product also needs to be separated and purified to remove impurities.
Third, m-nitrochlorobenzene is used as the raw material. First, the nitro group of m-nitrochlorobenzene is reduced to an amino group by a reducing agent, such as iron powder and hydrochloric acid, to obtain m-chloroaniline. Then, m-chloroaniline is reacted with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature (usually 0-5 ° C) to obtain diazonium salt. Subsequently, the diazonium salt is treated with a reducing agent such as hypophosphoric acid, so that the diazonium group is replaced by hydrogen to obtain m-chlorobenzene. Then, under the action of a catalyst such as chloromethane and m-chlorobenzene in aluminum trichloride, the diazonium salt is treated with a Fu-gram alkylation reaction, which can introduce methyl groups to generate 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene. This process has many steps, but it can be precisely controlled according to the reaction characteristics of each step to achieve the purpose of preparation. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. When it is implemented, it is necessary to comprehensively weigh the factors such as the availability of raw materials, cost, yield and product purity to choose the appropriate method.
First, p-methylchlorobenzene is used as the starting material. First, p-methylchlorobenzene is heated with mixed acid (a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid) and nitrified. At this time, nitric acid is catalyzed by sulfuric acid to form nitroyl positive ions (\ (NO_ {2 }^{+}\)）， which have strong electrophilicity and attack the benzene ring. Due to the fact that methyl is an ortho-and para-site group, chlorine is also an ortho-and para-site group, and the activation effect of methyl is stronger than that of chlorine, nitro is mainly introduced into the para-site of methyl to obtain 4-chloro-2-nitro-1-methylbenzene. However, the product or impurities need to be separated and purified, such as distillation and recrystallization to obtain pure 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene.
Second, p-nitrotoluene is used as the starting material. 2-Chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene can be obtained by substituting p-nitrotoluene with chlorine under appropriate conditions, such as light or in the presence of catalysts (such as iron filings and other iron halide). However, in this reaction, the hydrogen atoms on the methyl group can be replaced by chlorine, which is prone to polychlorinated substitutes. Therefore, precise temperature control and chlorine dosage are required to increase the yield of the target product. At the same time, the product also needs to be separated and purified to remove impurities.
Third, m-nitrochlorobenzene is used as the raw material. First, the nitro group of m-nitrochlorobenzene is reduced to an amino group by a reducing agent, such as iron powder and hydrochloric acid, to obtain m-chloroaniline. Then, m-chloroaniline is reacted with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature (usually 0-5 ° C) to obtain diazonium salt. Subsequently, the diazonium salt is treated with a reducing agent such as hypophosphoric acid, so that the diazonium group is replaced by hydrogen to obtain m-chlorobenzene. Then, under the action of a catalyst such as chloromethane and m-chlorobenzene in aluminum trichloride, the diazonium salt is treated with a Fu-gram alkylation reaction, which can introduce methyl groups to generate 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene. This process has many steps, but it can be precisely controlled according to the reaction characteristics of each step to achieve the purpose of preparation. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. When it is implemented, it is necessary to comprehensively weigh the factors such as the availability of raw materials, cost, yield and product purity to choose the appropriate method.
2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene impact on the environment
2-Chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene has a significant impact on the environment. This compound contains chlorine, nitro and methyl groups, each of which has its own effects.
Chlorine atoms are attached to the benzene ring, causing it to have certain chemical activity. It can affect the stability and reactivity of the compound, in the environment or participate in various chemical reactions. In case of light, high temperature or specific chemical media, or changes in biodegradation and transformation, the environmental behavior of the produced product is unpredictable, or it is more toxic, or it is easier to migrate and accumulate. The presence of nitro groups increases the toxicity of this compound. Nitrobenzene substances are often toxic and can be ingested into organisms through respiration, skin contact or diet. In the body or interfere with the normal metabolism of cells, damage organ functions, such as liver, kidney, etc., and are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic. If released in water bodies, it can cause water quality deterioration, harm aquatic organisms, and break the ecological balance of aquatic life.
Although methyl is slightly less chemically active than chlorine and nitro, it also affects the physical and chemical properties of molecules. The solubility and volatility of the compound can be modified. In the atmospheric environment, or because of volatility, it can participate in photochemical reactions and disturb atmospheric chemical processes.
This compound is in the soil, or adsorbed on soil particles, or seeped in groundwater. Adsorbers can persist for a long time, affecting soil microbial activities and plant growth; those who infiltrate groundwater can pollute groundwater sources and endanger drinking water safety.
In short, the harm of 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene to the environment involves various aspects of the atmosphere, water body and soil, and because of its complex chemical properties, its environmental behavior and long-term effects still need to be studied in detail to reduce its threat to ecology and human health.
Chlorine atoms are attached to the benzene ring, causing it to have certain chemical activity. It can affect the stability and reactivity of the compound, in the environment or participate in various chemical reactions. In case of light, high temperature or specific chemical media, or changes in biodegradation and transformation, the environmental behavior of the produced product is unpredictable, or it is more toxic, or it is easier to migrate and accumulate. The presence of nitro groups increases the toxicity of this compound. Nitrobenzene substances are often toxic and can be ingested into organisms through respiration, skin contact or diet. In the body or interfere with the normal metabolism of cells, damage organ functions, such as liver, kidney, etc., and are carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic. If released in water bodies, it can cause water quality deterioration, harm aquatic organisms, and break the ecological balance of aquatic life.
Although methyl is slightly less chemically active than chlorine and nitro, it also affects the physical and chemical properties of molecules. The solubility and volatility of the compound can be modified. In the atmospheric environment, or because of volatility, it can participate in photochemical reactions and disturb atmospheric chemical processes.
This compound is in the soil, or adsorbed on soil particles, or seeped in groundwater. Adsorbers can persist for a long time, affecting soil microbial activities and plant growth; those who infiltrate groundwater can pollute groundwater sources and endanger drinking water safety.
In short, the harm of 2-chloro-4-nitro-1-methylbenzene to the environment involves various aspects of the atmosphere, water body and soil, and because of its complex chemical properties, its environmental behavior and long-term effects still need to be studied in detail to reduce its threat to ecology and human health.
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