Linshang Chemical
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2-Fluorochlorobenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
971790 |
| Chemical Formula | C6H4ClF |
| Molar Mass | 130.55 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless to light yellow liquid |
| Odor | Characteristic aromatic odor |
| Density | 1.254 g/cm³ (at 20°C) |
| Boiling Point | 139 - 141°C |
| Melting Point | -21°C |
| Flash Point | 39°C |
| Solubility In Water | Insoluble |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in common organic solvents like ethanol, ether |
As an accredited 2-Fluorochlorobenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 250 - gram bottle of 2 - fluorochlorobenzene, securely packaged for safe transport. |
| Storage | 2 - Fluorochlorobenzene should be stored in a cool, well - ventilated area, away from heat sources and open flames. Keep it in a tightly - sealed container to prevent vapor leakage. Store it separately from oxidizing agents, strong acids, and bases to avoid chemical reactions. Follow local safety regulations for proper storage to ensure safety. |
| Shipping | 2 - Fluorochlorobenzene is shipped in tightly - sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It follows strict regulations for hazardous chemicals during transport, ensuring proper labeling, handling, and storage to prevent leakage and environmental or safety risks. |
Competitive 2-Fluorochlorobenzene prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
For samples, pricing, or more information, please call us at +8615365006308 or mail to info@alchemist-chem.com.
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What are the main uses of 2-fluorochlorobenzene?
2-Fluorochlorobenzene, as well as organic compounds, has many uses in chemical industry.
First, it is a raw material for organic synthesis. Chemists can perform various chemical reactions with its unique structure to produce a variety of complex organic molecules. For example, through nucleophilic substitution reaction, other functional groups can be introduced to derive other compounds, which are important starting materials in the fields of drug synthesis and materials science.
Second, it has made great contributions to the pharmaceutical industry. Many drug research and development rely on it as the basis. Because of its structural characteristics, it can participate in the construction of molecular structures with specific biological activities, or be a key part of the active ingredients of drugs, helping drugs to act on specific targets and achieve the purpose of treating diseases.
Third, it also plays a role in the field of materials. It can participate in the synthesis of polymer materials with special properties. After polymerization and other means, its structure is integrated into the polymer skeleton, so that the material has specific properties such as weather resistance and chemical stability, which is applied to the improvement of coatings, plastics and other materials.
Fourth, it is also involved in the manufacture of pesticides. Pesticides made from it as raw materials may have high insecticidal and bactericidal properties, providing assistance for the prevention and control of pests and diseases in agricultural production, and ensuring the yield and quality of crops.
In short, although 2-fluorochlorobenzene is an organic compound, it plays an important role in various branches of chemical industry due to its characteristics, and has a profound impact on human production and life.
First, it is a raw material for organic synthesis. Chemists can perform various chemical reactions with its unique structure to produce a variety of complex organic molecules. For example, through nucleophilic substitution reaction, other functional groups can be introduced to derive other compounds, which are important starting materials in the fields of drug synthesis and materials science.
Second, it has made great contributions to the pharmaceutical industry. Many drug research and development rely on it as the basis. Because of its structural characteristics, it can participate in the construction of molecular structures with specific biological activities, or be a key part of the active ingredients of drugs, helping drugs to act on specific targets and achieve the purpose of treating diseases.
Third, it also plays a role in the field of materials. It can participate in the synthesis of polymer materials with special properties. After polymerization and other means, its structure is integrated into the polymer skeleton, so that the material has specific properties such as weather resistance and chemical stability, which is applied to the improvement of coatings, plastics and other materials.
Fourth, it is also involved in the manufacture of pesticides. Pesticides made from it as raw materials may have high insecticidal and bactericidal properties, providing assistance for the prevention and control of pests and diseases in agricultural production, and ensuring the yield and quality of crops.
In short, although 2-fluorochlorobenzene is an organic compound, it plays an important role in various branches of chemical industry due to its characteristics, and has a profound impact on human production and life.
What are the physical properties of 2-fluorochlorobenzene?
2-Fluorochlorobenzene is also an organic compound. It has specific physical properties, which are described in detail by you.
First of all, its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is a colorless and transparent liquid, clear and clear. Viewed, it can be seen that its flowing state is like water in a stream, without the disturbance of impurities, and it is pure.
When it comes to the boiling point, it is about 139-141 ° C. When the temperature gradually rises, 2-fluorochlorobenzene molecules are energized and active, breaking free from each other's attractive force, and changing from liquid to gaseous state. This is the key node of material state transition. The characteristics of boiling point are of great significance in chemical operations such as separation and purification, and can be used to separate the required substances.
In addition to the melting point, its value is about -27 ° C. When the ambient temperature drops to this temperature, the thermal motion of the molecules slows down, the distance between each other is reduced, and the interaction is enhanced. Then it solidifies from a liquid state to a solid state, just like time solidification, and the molecular arrangement is regular and orderly.
In terms of density, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is about 1.26g/cm ³, which is heavier than water. If it is co-placed with water, it can be seen that it sinks to the bottom of the water, such as stone entering water. According to this characteristic, it can be used in some separation operations.
Solubility is also an important property. 2-Fluorochlorobenzene is slightly soluble in water. In the polar environment of water molecules, it is difficult to dissolve with water due to the non-polar characteristics of its own structure. The two seem to be distinct. However, it is soluble in most organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc., and can be uniformly dispersed and fused in them. This is the embodiment of the principle of similar compatibility. In the field of organic synthesis, the solubility of organic solvents provides a suitable environment for material reactions.
In addition, 2-fluorochlorobenzene has a certain volatility. In the air, its molecules continue to escape from the liquid surface and emit odor. Although its unique odor is difficult to describe accurately, it is irritating to a certain extent, and its existence can be known by smell. This volatility needs to be paid attention to during storage and use to prevent it from escaping and affecting the environment and the human body.
First of all, its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is a colorless and transparent liquid, clear and clear. Viewed, it can be seen that its flowing state is like water in a stream, without the disturbance of impurities, and it is pure.
When it comes to the boiling point, it is about 139-141 ° C. When the temperature gradually rises, 2-fluorochlorobenzene molecules are energized and active, breaking free from each other's attractive force, and changing from liquid to gaseous state. This is the key node of material state transition. The characteristics of boiling point are of great significance in chemical operations such as separation and purification, and can be used to separate the required substances.
In addition to the melting point, its value is about -27 ° C. When the ambient temperature drops to this temperature, the thermal motion of the molecules slows down, the distance between each other is reduced, and the interaction is enhanced. Then it solidifies from a liquid state to a solid state, just like time solidification, and the molecular arrangement is regular and orderly.
In terms of density, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is about 1.26g/cm ³, which is heavier than water. If it is co-placed with water, it can be seen that it sinks to the bottom of the water, such as stone entering water. According to this characteristic, it can be used in some separation operations.
Solubility is also an important property. 2-Fluorochlorobenzene is slightly soluble in water. In the polar environment of water molecules, it is difficult to dissolve with water due to the non-polar characteristics of its own structure. The two seem to be distinct. However, it is soluble in most organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc., and can be uniformly dispersed and fused in them. This is the embodiment of the principle of similar compatibility. In the field of organic synthesis, the solubility of organic solvents provides a suitable environment for material reactions.
In addition, 2-fluorochlorobenzene has a certain volatility. In the air, its molecules continue to escape from the liquid surface and emit odor. Although its unique odor is difficult to describe accurately, it is irritating to a certain extent, and its existence can be known by smell. This volatility needs to be paid attention to during storage and use to prevent it from escaping and affecting the environment and the human body.
What is the chemistry of 2-fluorochlorobenzene?
2-Fluorochlorobenzene is also an organic compound. It is active and has unique chemical properties due to the presence of fluorine and chlorine two halogen atoms.
Fluorine atoms have strong electronegativity, which can reduce the density of benzene ring electron clouds, making it difficult for electrophilic substitution reactions to occur, but also endows molecules with special stability. Although chlorine atoms are less electronegative than fluorine, they also affect the distribution of benzene ring electron clouds.
In electrophilic substitution reactions, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is dominated by meta-substitution. Because fluorine and chlorine atoms are both adjacent and para-localized groups, the electronic effects of the two are superimposed, resulting in relatively high density of meta-electron clouds and easier substitution.
And because of its halogen atoms, halogenated hydrocarbons can occur common reactions. For example, under the action of strong bases, hydrolysis reactions can occur, and halogen atoms are replaced by hydroxyl groups. React with metal reagents to form corresponding organometallic compounds, which can be used to construct carbon-carbon bonds, etc.
2-Fluorochlorobenzene also has certain chemical stability. Under normal temperature and pressure, it can be stored for a long time without decomposition. In case of extreme conditions such as strong oxidants and high temperatures, chemical reactions can still occur and cause structural changes.
2-Fluorochlorobenzene has unique chemical properties, is active and stable, and has wide uses in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and other fields. It is an important intermediate in organic synthesis.
Fluorine atoms have strong electronegativity, which can reduce the density of benzene ring electron clouds, making it difficult for electrophilic substitution reactions to occur, but also endows molecules with special stability. Although chlorine atoms are less electronegative than fluorine, they also affect the distribution of benzene ring electron clouds.
In electrophilic substitution reactions, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is dominated by meta-substitution. Because fluorine and chlorine atoms are both adjacent and para-localized groups, the electronic effects of the two are superimposed, resulting in relatively high density of meta-electron clouds and easier substitution.
And because of its halogen atoms, halogenated hydrocarbons can occur common reactions. For example, under the action of strong bases, hydrolysis reactions can occur, and halogen atoms are replaced by hydroxyl groups. React with metal reagents to form corresponding organometallic compounds, which can be used to construct carbon-carbon bonds, etc.
2-Fluorochlorobenzene also has certain chemical stability. Under normal temperature and pressure, it can be stored for a long time without decomposition. In case of extreme conditions such as strong oxidants and high temperatures, chemical reactions can still occur and cause structural changes.
2-Fluorochlorobenzene has unique chemical properties, is active and stable, and has wide uses in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and other fields. It is an important intermediate in organic synthesis.
What is 2-fluorochlorobenzene production method?
For 2-fluorochlorobenzene, organic compounds are also prepared by various methods. The common ones are as follows.
One is the halogen exchange method. This is to use chlorobenzene as the initial material, and under specific reaction conditions, the chlorobenzene interacts with the fluorinating agent. The fluorinating agent used is often potassium fluoride, etc. During the reaction, there must be a suitable solvent, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), to facilitate the dissolution of potassium fluoride and promote the progress of the reaction. And the reaction needs to be carried out under certain temperature and pressure conditions, the temperature is about 150-250 ° C, and the pressure is also adjusted as needed. During this process, the chlorine atom of the chlorobenzene is exchanged with the fluorine atom of the fluorinating agent, resulting in the formation of 2-fluorochlorobenzene.
The second is the direct fluorination method. This is to use benzene as the starting material, first chlorinated to obtain chlorobenzene, and then the chlorobenzene is directly reacted with fluorine gas to generate 2-fluorochlorobenzene. However, this reaction is quite difficult, because fluorine gas is very active, the reaction is extremely difficult to control, and it is easy to cause side reactions such as polyfluoride substitution. Therefore, special catalysts and reaction devices are required to regulate the reaction process. Commonly used catalysts, or metal halides, etc., the reaction device needs to have good heat dissipation and temperature control performance to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction and improve the yield and selectivity of 2-fluorochlorobenzene.
The third is the aryl diazonium salt method. First, the corresponding aniline compounds are diazotized to form an aryl diazonium salt. This diazotization reaction needs to be carried out in a low temperature and acidic environment, usually with reagents such as sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid. Then, the aryl diazonium salt reacts with fluoroborate acid to form diazofluoroborate. After heating and decomposition, the diazofluoroborate can be converted into 2-fluorochlorobenzene. This method is a little complicated, but the position of the substituent can be precisely controlled, which is advantageous for the preparation of 2-fluorochlorobenzene with specific substitution.
One is the halogen exchange method. This is to use chlorobenzene as the initial material, and under specific reaction conditions, the chlorobenzene interacts with the fluorinating agent. The fluorinating agent used is often potassium fluoride, etc. During the reaction, there must be a suitable solvent, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), to facilitate the dissolution of potassium fluoride and promote the progress of the reaction. And the reaction needs to be carried out under certain temperature and pressure conditions, the temperature is about 150-250 ° C, and the pressure is also adjusted as needed. During this process, the chlorine atom of the chlorobenzene is exchanged with the fluorine atom of the fluorinating agent, resulting in the formation of 2-fluorochlorobenzene.
The second is the direct fluorination method. This is to use benzene as the starting material, first chlorinated to obtain chlorobenzene, and then the chlorobenzene is directly reacted with fluorine gas to generate 2-fluorochlorobenzene. However, this reaction is quite difficult, because fluorine gas is very active, the reaction is extremely difficult to control, and it is easy to cause side reactions such as polyfluoride substitution. Therefore, special catalysts and reaction devices are required to regulate the reaction process. Commonly used catalysts, or metal halides, etc., the reaction device needs to have good heat dissipation and temperature control performance to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction and improve the yield and selectivity of 2-fluorochlorobenzene.
The third is the aryl diazonium salt method. First, the corresponding aniline compounds are diazotized to form an aryl diazonium salt. This diazotization reaction needs to be carried out in a low temperature and acidic environment, usually with reagents such as sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid. Then, the aryl diazonium salt reacts with fluoroborate acid to form diazofluoroborate. After heating and decomposition, the diazofluoroborate can be converted into 2-fluorochlorobenzene. This method is a little complicated, but the position of the substituent can be precisely controlled, which is advantageous for the preparation of 2-fluorochlorobenzene with specific substitution.
What are the precautions in storage and transportation of 2-fluorochlorobenzene?
2-Fluorochlorobenzene is also an organic compound. When storing and transporting, many matters must be paid attention to.
First words storage. This substance should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Because of the cool and ventilated place, it can avoid the danger caused by high temperature. Under high temperature, 2-fluorochlorobenzene may cause increased volatilization, and there is a risk of fire and explosion. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within a specific range and should not be too high. In addition, it should be stored separately from oxidants and food chemicals, and must not be mixed. Because of its chemical nature, if it is mixed with oxidants, under suitable conditions, it may cause severe chemical reactions, resulting in accidents. And it is necessary to stay away from fire and heat sources. Fire heat sources are also the source of danger. If there is a slight carelessness, it may cause combustion and explosion.
Times and transportation. When transporting, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage. Because of its certain toxicity and volatility, if the container is damaged and leaked, it will not only pollute the environment, but also pose a threat to the health of transporters. Transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire-fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. In case of emergencies on the way, such as leakage, etc., they can be dealt with in time. Summer transportation should be carried out in the morning and evening to avoid high temperature periods. High temperature is easy to cause its volatilization to accelerate, increasing the risk factor. Road transportation should be carried on the prescribed route, and do not stop in residential areas and densely populated areas to avoid When transporting by rail, we also comply with relevant regulations and ship properly. In this way, when storing and transporting 2-fluorochlorobenzene, pay attention to all matters to ensure safety.
First words storage. This substance should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Because of the cool and ventilated place, it can avoid the danger caused by high temperature. Under high temperature, 2-fluorochlorobenzene may cause increased volatilization, and there is a risk of fire and explosion. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within a specific range and should not be too high. In addition, it should be stored separately from oxidants and food chemicals, and must not be mixed. Because of its chemical nature, if it is mixed with oxidants, under suitable conditions, it may cause severe chemical reactions, resulting in accidents. And it is necessary to stay away from fire and heat sources. Fire heat sources are also the source of danger. If there is a slight carelessness, it may cause combustion and explosion.
Times and transportation. When transporting, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage. Because of its certain toxicity and volatility, if the container is damaged and leaked, it will not only pollute the environment, but also pose a threat to the health of transporters. Transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire-fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. In case of emergencies on the way, such as leakage, etc., they can be dealt with in time. Summer transportation should be carried out in the morning and evening to avoid high temperature periods. High temperature is easy to cause its volatilization to accelerate, increasing the risk factor. Road transportation should be carried on the prescribed route, and do not stop in residential areas and densely populated areas to avoid When transporting by rail, we also comply with relevant regulations and ship properly. In this way, when storing and transporting 2-fluorochlorobenzene, pay attention to all matters to ensure safety.
What are the main uses of 2-fluorochlorobenzene?
2-Fluorochlorobenzene is also an organic compound. It has a wide range of uses and is used in various fields of chemical industry.
First, it can be used as a raw material for pharmaceutical synthesis. In the creation of various drugs, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can be embedded in the molecular structure of the drug through a specific chemical reaction, thus giving the drug unique pharmacological activities and properties. For example, in the synthesis of some antibacterial drugs and drugs for the treatment of nervous system diseases, 2-fluorochlorobenzene may be a key starting material to help the drug to accurately act on the lesion and exert therapeutic effect.
Second, it also plays an important role in the field of pesticides. It can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of new pesticides, and the prepared pesticides have the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental After ingenious chemical modification, pesticides derived from 2-fluorochlorobenzene can effectively kill pests, control weed growth, and ensure a bumper crop harvest, with little impact on the environment, meeting the current needs of green agriculture development.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can participate in the synthesis of high-performance materials. Such as the synthesis of polymers with special functions, such polymers may have good thermal stability, mechanical properties and electrical properties, etc., which have great potential for application in high-end fields such as electronic devices and aerospace, and help related industries to upgrade their technologies.
In addition, in the dye industry, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can be used to synthesize dyes with bright colors and excellent fastness. After chemical reaction, its structure can be closely combined with the dye molecules, so that the dye can show excellent color and dyeing properties in the process of fabric dyeing, and improve the quality and market competitiveness of dye products.
In short, 2-fluorochlorobenzene, with its unique chemical structure, plays an important role in many industries such as medicine, pesticides, materials, dyes, etc., and promotes technological innovation and industrial development in various fields.
First, it can be used as a raw material for pharmaceutical synthesis. In the creation of various drugs, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can be embedded in the molecular structure of the drug through a specific chemical reaction, thus giving the drug unique pharmacological activities and properties. For example, in the synthesis of some antibacterial drugs and drugs for the treatment of nervous system diseases, 2-fluorochlorobenzene may be a key starting material to help the drug to accurately act on the lesion and exert therapeutic effect.
Second, it also plays an important role in the field of pesticides. It can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of new pesticides, and the prepared pesticides have the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity and environmental After ingenious chemical modification, pesticides derived from 2-fluorochlorobenzene can effectively kill pests, control weed growth, and ensure a bumper crop harvest, with little impact on the environment, meeting the current needs of green agriculture development.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can participate in the synthesis of high-performance materials. Such as the synthesis of polymers with special functions, such polymers may have good thermal stability, mechanical properties and electrical properties, etc., which have great potential for application in high-end fields such as electronic devices and aerospace, and help related industries to upgrade their technologies.
In addition, in the dye industry, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can be used to synthesize dyes with bright colors and excellent fastness. After chemical reaction, its structure can be closely combined with the dye molecules, so that the dye can show excellent color and dyeing properties in the process of fabric dyeing, and improve the quality and market competitiveness of dye products.
In short, 2-fluorochlorobenzene, with its unique chemical structure, plays an important role in many industries such as medicine, pesticides, materials, dyes, etc., and promotes technological innovation and industrial development in various fields.
What are the physical properties of 2-fluorochlorobenzene?
2-Fluorochlorobenzene is also an organic compound. Its physical properties are quite specific, and I will describe them in detail for you today.
First of all, under normal temperature and pressure, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is in the form of a colorless and transparent liquid. The appearance is clear, like clear water, but its properties are very different from water.
When it comes to odor, this substance emits a special aromatic smell. Although it has aromatic meaning, it cannot be smelled close to it, because it has a certain toxicity.
As for the boiling point, it is between 138 ° C and 140 ° C. At this temperature, 2-fluorochlorobenzene gradually changes from liquid to gaseous state, and the molecular movement intensifies, breaking free from the liquid phase. The boiling point characteristic is crucial when separating and purifying this compound. It can be precipitated from the mixture by distillation according to its boiling point.
Its melting point is about -27 ° C. When the temperature drops below the melting point, the movement of 2-fluorochlorobenzene molecules slows down, close to each other, and the arrangement gradually becomes orderly, solidifying from liquid to solid.
2-fluorochlorobenzene has a slightly higher density than water, about 1.25g/cm ³. If it is mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom due to its density, and the two will be stratified and well-defined.
In terms of solubility, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is insoluble in water. This is due to the existence of fluorine and chlorine atoms in its molecular structure, which makes the molecular polarity quite different from water. According to the principle of "similar miscibility", it is insoluble in water. However, it is soluble in many organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, benzene, etc. In the field of organic synthesis, this solubility can provide a good medium for the reaction.
In addition, the volatility of 2-fluorochlorobenzene cannot be ignored. Although its boiling point is not extremely low, it will evaporate slowly at room temperature and escape into the air. Therefore, when stored, it needs to be properly sealed to prevent volatilization loss and safety risks.
First of all, under normal temperature and pressure, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is in the form of a colorless and transparent liquid. The appearance is clear, like clear water, but its properties are very different from water.
When it comes to odor, this substance emits a special aromatic smell. Although it has aromatic meaning, it cannot be smelled close to it, because it has a certain toxicity.
As for the boiling point, it is between 138 ° C and 140 ° C. At this temperature, 2-fluorochlorobenzene gradually changes from liquid to gaseous state, and the molecular movement intensifies, breaking free from the liquid phase. The boiling point characteristic is crucial when separating and purifying this compound. It can be precipitated from the mixture by distillation according to its boiling point.
Its melting point is about -27 ° C. When the temperature drops below the melting point, the movement of 2-fluorochlorobenzene molecules slows down, close to each other, and the arrangement gradually becomes orderly, solidifying from liquid to solid.
2-fluorochlorobenzene has a slightly higher density than water, about 1.25g/cm ³. If it is mixed with water, it will sink to the bottom due to its density, and the two will be stratified and well-defined.
In terms of solubility, 2-fluorochlorobenzene is insoluble in water. This is due to the existence of fluorine and chlorine atoms in its molecular structure, which makes the molecular polarity quite different from water. According to the principle of "similar miscibility", it is insoluble in water. However, it is soluble in many organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, benzene, etc. In the field of organic synthesis, this solubility can provide a good medium for the reaction.
In addition, the volatility of 2-fluorochlorobenzene cannot be ignored. Although its boiling point is not extremely low, it will evaporate slowly at room temperature and escape into the air. Therefore, when stored, it needs to be properly sealed to prevent volatilization loss and safety risks.
What is the chemistry of 2-fluorochlorobenzene?
2-Fluorochlorobenzene is also an organic compound. It is active and has unique chemical properties due to the presence of fluorine and chlorine two halogen atoms.
In terms of reactivity, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is changed by the halogen atom. Although the fluorine atom has strong electronegativity, due to the p-π conjugation effect, the electron cloud density in the adjacent and para-position of the benzene ring is slightly increased, and the electrophilic substitution activity is slightly reduced, but the localization effect makes the substituent more into the adjacent and para-position. The chlorine atom also has a similar effect, but the conjugation effect is slightly weaker. The combination of the two makes the electrophilic substitution activity of 2-fluorochlorobenzene different from that of benzene, and the substitution
In the hydrolysis reaction, 2-fluorochlorobenzene meets a strong nucleophilic reagent, and the halogen atom can be replaced by a hydroxyl group. However, the C-F bond energy of the fluorine atom is large, and the hydrolysis is difficult; the chlorine atom is relatively easy to be replaced, and this difference makes the reaction conditions different from the proportion of the product.
When reacting with metal reagents, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can react with metals such as magnesium and lithium to form organometallic compounds. This compound is a key intermediate in organic synthesis and can react with a variety of electrophilic reagents to expand carbon chains or introduce new functional groups.
2-Fluorochlorobenzene Under light or high temperature, halogen atoms can initiate free radical reactions, participate in many complex organic synthesis pathways, and provide pathways for the construction of complex structural molecules. Its unique chemical properties make it widely used in the fields of medicine, pesticides, materials, etc. Chemists can design various synthesis strategies according to its properties to produce desired organic compounds.
In terms of reactivity, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is changed by the halogen atom. Although the fluorine atom has strong electronegativity, due to the p-π conjugation effect, the electron cloud density in the adjacent and para-position of the benzene ring is slightly increased, and the electrophilic substitution activity is slightly reduced, but the localization effect makes the substituent more into the adjacent and para-position. The chlorine atom also has a similar effect, but the conjugation effect is slightly weaker. The combination of the two makes the electrophilic substitution activity of 2-fluorochlorobenzene different from that of benzene, and the substitution
In the hydrolysis reaction, 2-fluorochlorobenzene meets a strong nucleophilic reagent, and the halogen atom can be replaced by a hydroxyl group. However, the C-F bond energy of the fluorine atom is large, and the hydrolysis is difficult; the chlorine atom is relatively easy to be replaced, and this difference makes the reaction conditions different from the proportion of the product.
When reacting with metal reagents, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can react with metals such as magnesium and lithium to form organometallic compounds. This compound is a key intermediate in organic synthesis and can react with a variety of electrophilic reagents to expand carbon chains or introduce new functional groups.
2-Fluorochlorobenzene Under light or high temperature, halogen atoms can initiate free radical reactions, participate in many complex organic synthesis pathways, and provide pathways for the construction of complex structural molecules. Its unique chemical properties make it widely used in the fields of medicine, pesticides, materials, etc. Chemists can design various synthesis strategies according to its properties to produce desired organic compounds.
What is 2-fluorochlorobenzene production method?
2-Fluorochlorobenzene, as well as organic compounds, has several common methods for its preparation.
First, chlorobenzene is used as the starting material and is prepared by halogenation reaction. Chlorobenzene interacts with fluorine-containing reagents, such as under specific reaction conditions, and with fluorinating agents in the presence of appropriate catalysts, nucleophilic substitution occurs. The fluorinating agent can often be used potassium fluoride, etc., and the catalyst can be selected copper salts, such as cuprous chloride, etc. In high temperature and appropriate solvent environment, the chlorine atom of chlorobenzene can be replaced by fluorine atoms, resulting in 2-fluorochlorobenzene. When reacting, temperature, pressure, solvent properties and the proportion of reactants are all key factors. If the temperature is too high or too low, it may affect the reaction rate and product selectivity; the regulation of pressure is also related to the progress of the reaction; the solvent needs to be able to dissolve the reactants without adverse interference to the reaction, such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and other suitable solvents.
Second, with o-chloroaniline as the starting material, it can be obtained by conversion such as diazotization and Sandmeier reaction. First, the o-chloroaniline undergoes a diazotization reaction, and the amino group is converted into a diazonium salt at low temperature by the action of sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid. Then, the diazonium salt and the fluorine-containing reagent undergo a substitution reaction according to the principle of Sandmeier reaction. When fluoroboronic acid is used as the fluorine-containing reagent, the diazofluoroboronate generated is decomposed by heating to obtain 2-fluorochlorobenzene. In this process, the diazotization reaction needs to be strictly controlled at low temperature to prevent the decomposition of diazosalt, and the subsequent substitution reaction conditions also need to be accurately grasped to improve the yield and purity of the product.
Third, it is prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent. Grignard reagent is first made from halogenated benzene, such as phenyl magnesium chloride by reacting chlorobenzene with magnesium in anhydrous ether and other solvents. After that, this Grignard reagent reacts with fluorinated halogenated hydrocarbons or other suitable fluorinated reagents, and through a series of conversions, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can In this path, the preparation of Grignard reagents requires a harsh environment without water and oxygen, otherwise Grignard reagents are easily destroyed and affect subsequent reactions. And the reaction with fluorinated reagents, its reactivity and selectivity also need to be carefully considered, and the reaction conditions can be adjusted to achieve the best preparation effect.
First, chlorobenzene is used as the starting material and is prepared by halogenation reaction. Chlorobenzene interacts with fluorine-containing reagents, such as under specific reaction conditions, and with fluorinating agents in the presence of appropriate catalysts, nucleophilic substitution occurs. The fluorinating agent can often be used potassium fluoride, etc., and the catalyst can be selected copper salts, such as cuprous chloride, etc. In high temperature and appropriate solvent environment, the chlorine atom of chlorobenzene can be replaced by fluorine atoms, resulting in 2-fluorochlorobenzene. When reacting, temperature, pressure, solvent properties and the proportion of reactants are all key factors. If the temperature is too high or too low, it may affect the reaction rate and product selectivity; the regulation of pressure is also related to the progress of the reaction; the solvent needs to be able to dissolve the reactants without adverse interference to the reaction, such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and other suitable solvents.
Second, with o-chloroaniline as the starting material, it can be obtained by conversion such as diazotization and Sandmeier reaction. First, the o-chloroaniline undergoes a diazotization reaction, and the amino group is converted into a diazonium salt at low temperature by the action of sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid. Then, the diazonium salt and the fluorine-containing reagent undergo a substitution reaction according to the principle of Sandmeier reaction. When fluoroboronic acid is used as the fluorine-containing reagent, the diazofluoroboronate generated is decomposed by heating to obtain 2-fluorochlorobenzene. In this process, the diazotization reaction needs to be strictly controlled at low temperature to prevent the decomposition of diazosalt, and the subsequent substitution reaction conditions also need to be accurately grasped to improve the yield and purity of the product.
Third, it is prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent. Grignard reagent is first made from halogenated benzene, such as phenyl magnesium chloride by reacting chlorobenzene with magnesium in anhydrous ether and other solvents. After that, this Grignard reagent reacts with fluorinated halogenated hydrocarbons or other suitable fluorinated reagents, and through a series of conversions, 2-fluorochlorobenzene can In this path, the preparation of Grignard reagents requires a harsh environment without water and oxygen, otherwise Grignard reagents are easily destroyed and affect subsequent reactions. And the reaction with fluorinated reagents, its reactivity and selectivity also need to be carefully considered, and the reaction conditions can be adjusted to achieve the best preparation effect.
2-fluorochlorobenzene what are the precautions during use
2 - Fluorochlorobenzene, as well as organic compounds, is used in various fields of industry and scientific research. However, during its use, several things should be paid attention to.
First, it is related to safety. 2 - Fluorochlorobenzene is toxic and irritating to a certain extent, and touching or inhaling its vapor can harm human health. Therefore, when handling this substance, protective equipment is indispensable, such as gloves, goggles, gas masks, etc., so that the body is not exposed. And the workplace should be well ventilated to reduce the concentration in the air and avoid poisoning.
Second, it involves storage. It should be stored in a cool, dry and ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. Do not store and transport with oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis, etc., to prevent chemical reactions from occurring and causing danger. Storage containers must be tightly sealed to prevent their leakage.
Third, about use. When using, accurate measurement and standardized operation are essential. According to the needs of experiment or production, measure an appropriate amount of 2-fluorochlorobenzene with suitable equipment, and the operation should be slow to avoid its splashing. If used in the reaction, detailed information on the reaction conditions and precautions, strict temperature control, control time and proportion of reactants to ensure a smooth and safe reaction.
Fourth, discuss leakage treatment. In the event of leakage, the first thing to do is to evacuate unrelated personnel and isolate the leakage area. Emergency responders must wear protective equipment to prevent leakage from spreading. Small leaks can be absorbed by inert materials such as sand and vermiculite and collected in suitable containers; large leaks need to be dammed and contained, transferred to a special collector with an explosion-proof pump, and then disposed of in accordance with regulations.
The use of 2-fluorochlorobenzene is safety first, and all links should be treated with caution and follow regulations to ensure the safety of personnel and the environment.
First, it is related to safety. 2 - Fluorochlorobenzene is toxic and irritating to a certain extent, and touching or inhaling its vapor can harm human health. Therefore, when handling this substance, protective equipment is indispensable, such as gloves, goggles, gas masks, etc., so that the body is not exposed. And the workplace should be well ventilated to reduce the concentration in the air and avoid poisoning.
Second, it involves storage. It should be stored in a cool, dry and ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. Do not store and transport with oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis, etc., to prevent chemical reactions from occurring and causing danger. Storage containers must be tightly sealed to prevent their leakage.
Third, about use. When using, accurate measurement and standardized operation are essential. According to the needs of experiment or production, measure an appropriate amount of 2-fluorochlorobenzene with suitable equipment, and the operation should be slow to avoid its splashing. If used in the reaction, detailed information on the reaction conditions and precautions, strict temperature control, control time and proportion of reactants to ensure a smooth and safe reaction.
Fourth, discuss leakage treatment. In the event of leakage, the first thing to do is to evacuate unrelated personnel and isolate the leakage area. Emergency responders must wear protective equipment to prevent leakage from spreading. Small leaks can be absorbed by inert materials such as sand and vermiculite and collected in suitable containers; large leaks need to be dammed and contained, transferred to a special collector with an explosion-proof pump, and then disposed of in accordance with regulations.
The use of 2-fluorochlorobenzene is safety first, and all links should be treated with caution and follow regulations to ensure the safety of personnel and the environment.
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