Linshang Chemical
PRODUCTS
4-Chloro-1-Hydroxybenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
501327 |
| Chemical Formula | C6H5ClO |
| Molar Mass | 128.555 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless to light yellow solid |
| Melting Point | 43 - 45 °C |
| Boiling Point | 213 - 214 °C |
| Density | 1.379 g/cm³ (at 20 °C) |
| Solubility In Water | Slightly soluble |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene |
| Odor | Phenolic odor |
| Pka | 9.28 |
As an accredited 4-Chloro-1-Hydroxybenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 500g of 4 - chloro - 1 - hydroxybenzene packaged in a sealed, chemical - resistant plastic bottle. |
| Storage | 4 - chloro - 1 - hydroxybenzene, also known as 4 - chlorophenol, should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area away from heat sources and ignition sources. Keep it in a tightly sealed container, preferably in a corrosion - resistant material due to its potential reactivity. Store separately from oxidizing agents and incompatible substances to prevent chemical reactions. |
| Shipping | 4 - chloro - 1 - hydroxybenzene is shipped in sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It must comply with hazardous chemical shipping regulations, ensuring proper labeling and secure packaging to prevent leakage during transit. |
Competitive 4-Chloro-1-Hydroxybenzene prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
For samples, pricing, or more information, please call us at +8615365006308 or mail to info@alchemist-chem.com.
We will respond to you as soon as possible.
Tel: +8615365006308
Email: info@alchemist-chem.com
Where to Buy 4-Chloro-1-Hydroxybenzene in China?
As a trusted 4-Chloro-1-Hydroxybenzene manufacturer, we deliver:
Factory-Direct Value: Competitive pricing with no middleman markups, tailored for bulk orders and project-scale requirements.
Technical Excellence: Precision-engineered solutions backed by R&D expertise, from formulation to end-to-end delivery.
Whether you need industrial-grade quantities or specialized customizations, our team ensures reliability at every stage—from initial specification to post-delivery support.
As a leading 4-Chloro-1-Hydroxybenzene supplier, we deliver high-quality products across diverse grades to meet evolving needs, empowering global customers with safe, efficient, and compliant chemical solutions.
What is the Chinese name of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4 - chloro - 1 - hydroxybenzene is the English name of an organic compound. According to the organic chemistry naming rules, its corresponding Chinese name is p-chlorophenol. The following is explained by the classical Chinese style:
The person with "4 - chloro - 1 - hydroxybenzene", in the field of organic chemistry, has a phenyl ring as a group, one hydroxy group on the ring, and four chlorine atoms. According to the Chinese chemical naming rules, the hydroxyl group is called phenol in the phenyl ring, and the chlorine atom is in the opposite position of the hydroxyl group, so it is named p-chlorophenol. Phenols have the characteristics of hydroxyl groups attached to benzene rings, and this p-chlorophenol, because of its chlorine atom position, is different from o-chlorophenol, m-chlorophenol and other isomers. It is used in chemical, pharmaceutical, pesticide and other fields. In the chemical industry, it can be used as a raw material to produce a variety of organic compounds; in medicine, it may have the functions of sterilization and disinfection; in the field of pesticides, it may also be a key intermediate for the synthesis of high-efficiency pesticides.
The person with "4 - chloro - 1 - hydroxybenzene", in the field of organic chemistry, has a phenyl ring as a group, one hydroxy group on the ring, and four chlorine atoms. According to the Chinese chemical naming rules, the hydroxyl group is called phenol in the phenyl ring, and the chlorine atom is in the opposite position of the hydroxyl group, so it is named p-chlorophenol. Phenols have the characteristics of hydroxyl groups attached to benzene rings, and this p-chlorophenol, because of its chlorine atom position, is different from o-chlorophenol, m-chlorophenol and other isomers. It is used in chemical, pharmaceutical, pesticide and other fields. In the chemical industry, it can be used as a raw material to produce a variety of organic compounds; in medicine, it may have the functions of sterilization and disinfection; in the field of pesticides, it may also be a key intermediate for the synthesis of high-efficiency pesticides.
What are the main uses of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, that is, p-chlorophenol, has a wide range of uses and is found in many fields.
First, in the field of medicine, it is an important pharmaceutical intermediate. Through a series of chemical reactions, it can be converted into a variety of pharmaceutical ingredients. For example, in the synthesis of some antibacterial drugs, p-chlorophenol is a key starting material. Due to its structural characteristics, it can introduce specific functional groups and gradually react to build complex drug molecular structures to achieve antibacterial effect.
Second, in the field of pesticides, it is also an important raw material. Efficient pesticides, fungicides and other pesticide products can be prepared. In the synthesis of pesticides, it can endow pesticides with specific chemical properties and biological activities, enhance the inhibition and killing ability of pesticides to pests and bacteria, ensure the healthy growth of crops, and improve agricultural yield and quality.
Third, it plays an important role in the dye industry. Can be used as an intermediate for synthetic dyes. By reacting with other compounds, dyes with specific colors and dyeing properties are generated. Due to the presence of benzene ring and functional groups such as chlorine and hydroxyl, dyes can have good stability and color, and are widely used in textiles, printing and dyeing and other industries to impart rich and diverse colors to fabrics.
Fourth, in the fragrance industry, p-chlorophenol also has certain uses. Can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of certain fragrances. With its unique chemical structure, it imparts a special smell to the fragrance or improves the stability, durability and other properties of the fragrance, and is used in the production of perfumes, flavors and other products to add a unique aroma.
In addition, p-chlorophenol is used in the field of organic synthesis as a basic raw material to participate in the synthesis of various organic compounds. Through chemical modification of its chlorine atom and hydroxyl group, organic molecules with different structures can be constructed, providing an important material basis for the development of organic synthesis chemistry.
First, in the field of medicine, it is an important pharmaceutical intermediate. Through a series of chemical reactions, it can be converted into a variety of pharmaceutical ingredients. For example, in the synthesis of some antibacterial drugs, p-chlorophenol is a key starting material. Due to its structural characteristics, it can introduce specific functional groups and gradually react to build complex drug molecular structures to achieve antibacterial effect.
Second, in the field of pesticides, it is also an important raw material. Efficient pesticides, fungicides and other pesticide products can be prepared. In the synthesis of pesticides, it can endow pesticides with specific chemical properties and biological activities, enhance the inhibition and killing ability of pesticides to pests and bacteria, ensure the healthy growth of crops, and improve agricultural yield and quality.
Third, it plays an important role in the dye industry. Can be used as an intermediate for synthetic dyes. By reacting with other compounds, dyes with specific colors and dyeing properties are generated. Due to the presence of benzene ring and functional groups such as chlorine and hydroxyl, dyes can have good stability and color, and are widely used in textiles, printing and dyeing and other industries to impart rich and diverse colors to fabrics.
Fourth, in the fragrance industry, p-chlorophenol also has certain uses. Can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of certain fragrances. With its unique chemical structure, it imparts a special smell to the fragrance or improves the stability, durability and other properties of the fragrance, and is used in the production of perfumes, flavors and other products to add a unique aroma.
In addition, p-chlorophenol is used in the field of organic synthesis as a basic raw material to participate in the synthesis of various organic compounds. Through chemical modification of its chlorine atom and hydroxyl group, organic molecules with different structures can be constructed, providing an important material basis for the development of organic synthesis chemistry.
What are the physical properties of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, also known as p-chlorophenol, has the following physical properties:
This substance is a white to light yellow needle-like crystal or powder at room temperature, with a pungent odor characteristic of phenols. The melting point is critical, reaching 42-43 ° C, at which the solid and liquid states are transformed into each other. The boiling point is 217 ° C, indicating that at this temperature, p-chlorophenol changes from liquid to gaseous state.
Its relative density (water = 1) is about 1.30, which means that at the same volume, it is slightly heavier than water. The vapor pressure is also worthy of attention, about 0.04kPa at 20 ° C, reflecting its volatility.
P-chlorophenol is slightly soluble in water, only a small amount can be dissolved in water, but it is easily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and sodium hydroxide aqueous solutions. This solubility difference is widely used in chemical separation and reaction.
In addition, it is easily oxidized in air, and its color may gradually become darker, which affects its quality and application. These physical properties determine the special requirements of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene in storage, transportation, and use, and play a key role in its application in many fields such as chemical industry, medicine, and pesticides.
This substance is a white to light yellow needle-like crystal or powder at room temperature, with a pungent odor characteristic of phenols. The melting point is critical, reaching 42-43 ° C, at which the solid and liquid states are transformed into each other. The boiling point is 217 ° C, indicating that at this temperature, p-chlorophenol changes from liquid to gaseous state.
Its relative density (water = 1) is about 1.30, which means that at the same volume, it is slightly heavier than water. The vapor pressure is also worthy of attention, about 0.04kPa at 20 ° C, reflecting its volatility.
P-chlorophenol is slightly soluble in water, only a small amount can be dissolved in water, but it is easily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and sodium hydroxide aqueous solutions. This solubility difference is widely used in chemical separation and reaction.
In addition, it is easily oxidized in air, and its color may gradually become darker, which affects its quality and application. These physical properties determine the special requirements of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene in storage, transportation, and use, and play a key role in its application in many fields such as chemical industry, medicine, and pesticides.
What are the chemical properties of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, also known as p-chlorophenol, has unique chemical properties and is of great interest to you.
This compound has the typical characteristics of phenolic substances. The activity of phenolic hydroxyl groups is quite high. Due to the conjugation effect of benzene ring and hydroxyl group, the electron cloud density of oxygen atoms in the hydroxyl group decreases, resulting in enhanced hydrogen-oxygen bond polarity. Hydrogen atoms are easily dissociated in the form of protons, so they are weakly acidic. Its acidity is weaker than carbonate, but stronger than alcohols. It can react with strong bases such as sodium hydroxide to form corresponding phenolates and water, which is one of its important chemical properties.
Furthermore, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring increases due to the influence of hydroxyl groups, especially the adjacent and para-site electron cloud density of the hydroxyl group increases more significantly, which makes 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene prone to electrophilic substitution reactions. Among them, halogenation reactions, nitration reactions, sulfonation reactions, etc. are quite common. Taking the halogenation reaction as an example, under appropriate conditions, halogen atoms can be introduced into the adjacent and para-sites of the benzene ring; during nitration reactions, nitro groups also tend to enter the adjacent and para-sites of the hydroxyl group.
The chlorine atom in 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, although directly attached to the benzene ring, is less active than the chlorine atom in aliphatic hydrocarbons due to the conjugation of the benz However, under certain conditions, such as high temperature, strong base or the presence of a catalyst, the chlorine atom can also undergo a substitution reaction and be replaced by other groups.
In addition, 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene can also participate in the oxidation reaction. Phenol hydroxyl groups are easily oxidized, and different oxidants can cause them to form different oxidation products, such as quinones. These oxidation reactions not only enrich its chemical properties, but also have important significance in the field of organic synthesis.
In short, 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene has diverse chemical properties and is widely used in many fields such as organic synthesis, medicine, pesticides, etc. In-depth investigation of it is of great value in chemical research and the development of related industries.
This compound has the typical characteristics of phenolic substances. The activity of phenolic hydroxyl groups is quite high. Due to the conjugation effect of benzene ring and hydroxyl group, the electron cloud density of oxygen atoms in the hydroxyl group decreases, resulting in enhanced hydrogen-oxygen bond polarity. Hydrogen atoms are easily dissociated in the form of protons, so they are weakly acidic. Its acidity is weaker than carbonate, but stronger than alcohols. It can react with strong bases such as sodium hydroxide to form corresponding phenolates and water, which is one of its important chemical properties.
Furthermore, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring increases due to the influence of hydroxyl groups, especially the adjacent and para-site electron cloud density of the hydroxyl group increases more significantly, which makes 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene prone to electrophilic substitution reactions. Among them, halogenation reactions, nitration reactions, sulfonation reactions, etc. are quite common. Taking the halogenation reaction as an example, under appropriate conditions, halogen atoms can be introduced into the adjacent and para-sites of the benzene ring; during nitration reactions, nitro groups also tend to enter the adjacent and para-sites of the hydroxyl group.
The chlorine atom in 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, although directly attached to the benzene ring, is less active than the chlorine atom in aliphatic hydrocarbons due to the conjugation of the benz However, under certain conditions, such as high temperature, strong base or the presence of a catalyst, the chlorine atom can also undergo a substitution reaction and be replaced by other groups.
In addition, 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene can also participate in the oxidation reaction. Phenol hydroxyl groups are easily oxidized, and different oxidants can cause them to form different oxidation products, such as quinones. These oxidation reactions not only enrich its chemical properties, but also have important significance in the field of organic synthesis.
In short, 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene has diverse chemical properties and is widely used in many fields such as organic synthesis, medicine, pesticides, etc. In-depth investigation of it is of great value in chemical research and the development of related industries.
What are 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene synthesis methods?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, that is, p-chlorophenol, has various synthesis methods, which are described in detail below.
One is the direct chlorination of phenol. The phenol is placed in a suitable reaction vessel and chlorine gas is introduced as a chlorination agent. This process requires precise control of the reaction temperature and chlorine gas entry rate. If the temperature is too high, it is easy to form polychlorinated by-products; if the rate is not appropriate, it will also affect the reaction process. Usually start at a lower temperature and gradually heat up to a suitable range, so that chlorine gas and phenol can fully react to obtain the target product. However, this method has many side reactions, and the separation and purification of the product is slightly complicated.
The second is the hydrolysis of p-chloroaniline by diazotization. First, p-chloroaniline is used as the starting material to react with sodium nitrite in an acidic medium to form diazonium salts. This step requires strict control of the temperature in the low temperature range, generally 0-5 ° C, to prevent the decomposition of diazonium salts. Subsequently, the diazonium salt is hydrolyzed to produce 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene. This method has good selectivity and high product purity. However, the raw material has certain toxicity to chloroaniline, and careful protection is required during operation.
The third is the hydrolysis of chlorobenzene. Using chlorobenzene as the raw material, under high temperature, high pressure and the presence of a catalyst, the hydrolysis reaction occurs with sodium hydroxide solution. This reaction condition is harsh, and specific reaction equipment is required to withstand high temperature and high pressure. The choice of catalyst is also critical. Commonly used catalysts can promote the reaction and improve the reaction efficiency. This method is easy to obtain raw materials, but requires high equipment and high energy consumption.
The above synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, the appropriate method should be carefully selected according to factors such as specific needs, availability of raw materials, cost considerations and equipment conditions.
One is the direct chlorination of phenol. The phenol is placed in a suitable reaction vessel and chlorine gas is introduced as a chlorination agent. This process requires precise control of the reaction temperature and chlorine gas entry rate. If the temperature is too high, it is easy to form polychlorinated by-products; if the rate is not appropriate, it will also affect the reaction process. Usually start at a lower temperature and gradually heat up to a suitable range, so that chlorine gas and phenol can fully react to obtain the target product. However, this method has many side reactions, and the separation and purification of the product is slightly complicated.
The second is the hydrolysis of p-chloroaniline by diazotization. First, p-chloroaniline is used as the starting material to react with sodium nitrite in an acidic medium to form diazonium salts. This step requires strict control of the temperature in the low temperature range, generally 0-5 ° C, to prevent the decomposition of diazonium salts. Subsequently, the diazonium salt is hydrolyzed to produce 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene. This method has good selectivity and high product purity. However, the raw material has certain toxicity to chloroaniline, and careful protection is required during operation.
The third is the hydrolysis of chlorobenzene. Using chlorobenzene as the raw material, under high temperature, high pressure and the presence of a catalyst, the hydrolysis reaction occurs with sodium hydroxide solution. This reaction condition is harsh, and specific reaction equipment is required to withstand high temperature and high pressure. The choice of catalyst is also critical. Commonly used catalysts can promote the reaction and improve the reaction efficiency. This method is easy to obtain raw materials, but requires high equipment and high energy consumption.
The above synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, the appropriate method should be carefully selected according to factors such as specific needs, availability of raw materials, cost considerations and equipment conditions.
What is the Chinese name of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene is a chemical naming convention, and its Chinese name is p-chlorophenol. The name is derived from the fact that on the benzene ring, the hydroxyl group (-OH) and the chlorine atom (-Cl) are in one place each, and the two are distributed in the opposite position.
p-chlorophenol is widely used in the chemical industry. It has unique chemical properties and can be used as a raw material for organic synthesis. It has its own influence in the pharmaceutical, dye, pesticide and other industries. For example, it can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of specific drugs. With its structural characteristics, it can obtain the required pharmaceutical ingredients through a series of chemical reactions.
Looking at its physical properties, at room temperature, it is mostly white to light yellow crystalline solid with a certain odor. Its melting point, boiling point and other physical parameters also depend on the molecular structure. In chemical operations, these parameters are the key basis for separation and purification steps.
The preparation of p-chlorophenol is often achieved by a specific chemical reaction. Or from benzene derivatives, through halogenation, hydroxylation and other reaction processes, the desired molecular structure is gradually constructed. However, the preparation process requires fine control of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and catalyst use, to obtain pure products.
In industrial production and practical applications, the storage and transportation of p-chlorophenol also need to be cautious. Because of its certain chemical activity, it is necessary to avoid high temperature and open flames to prevent contact with incompatible substances to avoid safety accidents. And because of its impact on the environment, waste treatment after use also needs to be carried out in accordance with relevant environmental regulations.
p-chlorophenol is widely used in the chemical industry. It has unique chemical properties and can be used as a raw material for organic synthesis. It has its own influence in the pharmaceutical, dye, pesticide and other industries. For example, it can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of specific drugs. With its structural characteristics, it can obtain the required pharmaceutical ingredients through a series of chemical reactions.
Looking at its physical properties, at room temperature, it is mostly white to light yellow crystalline solid with a certain odor. Its melting point, boiling point and other physical parameters also depend on the molecular structure. In chemical operations, these parameters are the key basis for separation and purification steps.
The preparation of p-chlorophenol is often achieved by a specific chemical reaction. Or from benzene derivatives, through halogenation, hydroxylation and other reaction processes, the desired molecular structure is gradually constructed. However, the preparation process requires fine control of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and catalyst use, to obtain pure products.
In industrial production and practical applications, the storage and transportation of p-chlorophenol also need to be cautious. Because of its certain chemical activity, it is necessary to avoid high temperature and open flames to prevent contact with incompatible substances to avoid safety accidents. And because of its impact on the environment, waste treatment after use also needs to be carried out in accordance with relevant environmental regulations.
What are the main uses of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, also known as p-chlorophenol, is a widely used substance. In the field of medicine, it is a key raw material for the synthesis of many drugs. Because p-chlorophenol has a specific chemical structure and activity, it can participate in many organic synthesis reactions. After a series of reaction steps, drugs with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects can be prepared.
In pesticides, p-chlorophenol also plays an important role. It is an intermediate for the synthesis of a variety of pesticides. By means of chemical synthesis, it can be converted into pesticide products with insecticidal, weeding and other properties, which can help agricultural control pests and diseases, and improve crop yield and quality.
Furthermore, in the dye industry, p-chlorophenol is indispensable. Because it can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of specific dyes, by reacting with other compounds, dyes with diverse colors and excellent properties are generated to meet the needs of textile, printing and dyeing industries for dyes.
In addition, p-chlorophenol is also used in rubber, plastics and other industries. In the rubber processing process, it can act as a raw material for additives such as antioxidants to enhance the anti-oxidation and anti-aging properties of rubber products; in the plastics industry, it can participate in the synthesis of certain plastic additives and improve the performance of plastic products.
In short, 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene has important uses in many fields of chemical industry and plays a key role in promoting the development of various industries.
In pesticides, p-chlorophenol also plays an important role. It is an intermediate for the synthesis of a variety of pesticides. By means of chemical synthesis, it can be converted into pesticide products with insecticidal, weeding and other properties, which can help agricultural control pests and diseases, and improve crop yield and quality.
Furthermore, in the dye industry, p-chlorophenol is indispensable. Because it can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of specific dyes, by reacting with other compounds, dyes with diverse colors and excellent properties are generated to meet the needs of textile, printing and dyeing industries for dyes.
In addition, p-chlorophenol is also used in rubber, plastics and other industries. In the rubber processing process, it can act as a raw material for additives such as antioxidants to enhance the anti-oxidation and anti-aging properties of rubber products; in the plastics industry, it can participate in the synthesis of certain plastic additives and improve the performance of plastic products.
In short, 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene has important uses in many fields of chemical industry and plays a key role in promoting the development of various industries.
What are the physical properties of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, also known as p-chlorophenol, is a type of organic compound. Its physical properties are unique and relevant to many practical applications. Details are as follows:
1. ** Properties **: Under normal conditions, 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene exhibits a colorless to pale yellow needle-like crystalline state, and its morphology is stable and can be maintained in this state for a long time under specific environments. This crystalline form is easy to store and transport, and is easy to handle in many chemical processes.
2. ** Odor **: Has a rather strong and unique phenol odor. This odor is distinct and can be detected even at low concentrations. This property can be used as a simple basis for distinguishing the presence or absence of the substance in some scenarios.
3. ** Melting point and boiling point **: The melting point is about 43-45 ° C, and the boiling point is 219-221 ° C. The relatively low melting point means that under moderate heating conditions, the substance can be converted from solid to liquid, which helps the mixing and reaction uniformity of the material in various reactions carried out with it as a raw material. A higher boiling point indicates that it is relatively stable at general ambient temperatures and is not easy to volatilize.
4. ** Solubility **: Slightly soluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform. The poor solubility in water limits its application in aqueous systems; while the good solubility of organic solvents makes it widely used in the field of organic synthesis and can be easily mixed and reacted with other organic compounds in organic solvents.
5. ** Density **: about 1.2651 (20/4 ℃), this density value allows it to be separated and purified by physical means such as sedimentation and centrifugation when mixed with other substances, depending on the density difference.
The physical properties of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene determine its application mode and scope in chemical, pharmaceutical and other fields, which is of great significance to the development of related industries.
1. ** Properties **: Under normal conditions, 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene exhibits a colorless to pale yellow needle-like crystalline state, and its morphology is stable and can be maintained in this state for a long time under specific environments. This crystalline form is easy to store and transport, and is easy to handle in many chemical processes.
2. ** Odor **: Has a rather strong and unique phenol odor. This odor is distinct and can be detected even at low concentrations. This property can be used as a simple basis for distinguishing the presence or absence of the substance in some scenarios.
3. ** Melting point and boiling point **: The melting point is about 43-45 ° C, and the boiling point is 219-221 ° C. The relatively low melting point means that under moderate heating conditions, the substance can be converted from solid to liquid, which helps the mixing and reaction uniformity of the material in various reactions carried out with it as a raw material. A higher boiling point indicates that it is relatively stable at general ambient temperatures and is not easy to volatilize.
4. ** Solubility **: Slightly soluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform. The poor solubility in water limits its application in aqueous systems; while the good solubility of organic solvents makes it widely used in the field of organic synthesis and can be easily mixed and reacted with other organic compounds in organic solvents.
5. ** Density **: about 1.2651 (20/4 ℃), this density value allows it to be separated and purified by physical means such as sedimentation and centrifugation when mixed with other substances, depending on the density difference.
The physical properties of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene determine its application mode and scope in chemical, pharmaceutical and other fields, which is of great significance to the development of related industries.
What are the chemical properties of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, also known as p-chlorophenol, has unique and rich chemical properties.
This substance is acidic because its phenolic hydroxyl group can ionize hydrogen ions. Although this acidity is weaker than that of common inorganic acids, it can react with bases to form corresponding phenols. For example, when it meets sodium hydroxide, sodium p-chlorophenol and water are formed, which is a typical reaction of acid-base neutralization.
The phenyl ring of p-chlorophenol is rich in electrons, so it exhibits electrophilic substitution reaction activity. Among them, halogenation, nitrification, sulfonation and other reactions are prone to occur. In the halogenation reaction, the hydrogen atom on the benzene ring is easily replaced by other halogen atoms; take the nitration reaction as an example, under certain conditions, the nitro group will replace the hydrogen on the benzene ring to form a nitro-substituted p-chlorophenol derivative.
Its hydroxyl group can participate in many reactions. For example, when it encounters an acid chloride or an acid anhydride, an esterification reaction will occur to form corresponding ester compounds. This property is of great significance in organic synthesis and can be used to prepare a variety of organic compounds with specific functions.
p-chlorophenol can also undergo oxidation reactions. Under moderate oxidation, phenolic hydroxyl groups can be converted into quinone structures. This process is crucial in some biochemical reactions and organic synthesis pathways, and the resulting quinone compounds often have special colors and chemical activities. Due to the presence of chlorine atoms in its structure, p-chlorophenol can also undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions. Chlorine atoms can be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents, such as reacting with sodium alcohol, and chlorine atoms may be replaced by alkoxy groups, resulting in a series of new organic compounds, which greatly expands its application in the field of organic synthesis.
This substance is acidic because its phenolic hydroxyl group can ionize hydrogen ions. Although this acidity is weaker than that of common inorganic acids, it can react with bases to form corresponding phenols. For example, when it meets sodium hydroxide, sodium p-chlorophenol and water are formed, which is a typical reaction of acid-base neutralization.
The phenyl ring of p-chlorophenol is rich in electrons, so it exhibits electrophilic substitution reaction activity. Among them, halogenation, nitrification, sulfonation and other reactions are prone to occur. In the halogenation reaction, the hydrogen atom on the benzene ring is easily replaced by other halogen atoms; take the nitration reaction as an example, under certain conditions, the nitro group will replace the hydrogen on the benzene ring to form a nitro-substituted p-chlorophenol derivative.
Its hydroxyl group can participate in many reactions. For example, when it encounters an acid chloride or an acid anhydride, an esterification reaction will occur to form corresponding ester compounds. This property is of great significance in organic synthesis and can be used to prepare a variety of organic compounds with specific functions.
p-chlorophenol can also undergo oxidation reactions. Under moderate oxidation, phenolic hydroxyl groups can be converted into quinone structures. This process is crucial in some biochemical reactions and organic synthesis pathways, and the resulting quinone compounds often have special colors and chemical activities. Due to the presence of chlorine atoms in its structure, p-chlorophenol can also undergo nucleophilic substitution reactions. Chlorine atoms can be replaced by other nucleophilic reagents, such as reacting with sodium alcohol, and chlorine atoms may be replaced by alkoxy groups, resulting in a series of new organic compounds, which greatly expands its application in the field of organic synthesis.
What are the preparation methods of 4-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene?
4-Chloro-1-hydroxybenzene, that is, p-chlorophenol, is commonly prepared in the following ways:
First, p-chloronitrobenzene is used as the starting material. First, p-chloronitrobenzene is co-heated with iron powder and hydrochloric acid. This is a classic reduction reaction, which can convert the nitro group into an amino group to obtain p-chloroaniline. Then p-chloroaniline is reacted with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature to perform a diazotization reaction to form a diazonium salt. Finally, the diazonium salt is co-heated with dilute sulfuric acid, hydrolyzed, and the hydroxyl group replaces the diazonium group to obtain p-chlorophenol. This step is slightly complicated, but the raw material is easy to obtain, and it is widely used in industry.
Second, phen Phenol and chlorine are chlorinated under specific conditions, such as suitable temperature and the presence of catalyst. Due to the fact that phenolic hydroxyl groups are ortho-and para-localizers, chlorine atoms can be selectively introduced into the para-position to obtain p-chlorophenol. This method is relatively direct, but it is necessary to precisely control the reaction conditions to inhibit the occurrence of side reactions such as ortho-substitution and improve the purity of the product.
Third, p-dichlorobenzene is used as raw material. p-dichlorobenzene and sodium hydroxide undergo hydrolysis under high temperature, high pressure and catalyst action. One chlorine atom is replaced by a hydroxyl group to form p-chlorophenol. This method requires specific reaction equipment to meet high temperature and high pressure conditions, but the product purity is acceptable. When preparing p-chlorophenol, the most suitable preparation method should be selected according to the actual situation, considering many factors such as raw material cost, reaction conditions, equipment requirements and product purity.
First, p-chloronitrobenzene is used as the starting material. First, p-chloronitrobenzene is co-heated with iron powder and hydrochloric acid. This is a classic reduction reaction, which can convert the nitro group into an amino group to obtain p-chloroaniline. Then p-chloroaniline is reacted with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature to perform a diazotization reaction to form a diazonium salt. Finally, the diazonium salt is co-heated with dilute sulfuric acid, hydrolyzed, and the hydroxyl group replaces the diazonium group to obtain p-chlorophenol. This step is slightly complicated, but the raw material is easy to obtain, and it is widely used in industry.
Second, phen Phenol and chlorine are chlorinated under specific conditions, such as suitable temperature and the presence of catalyst. Due to the fact that phenolic hydroxyl groups are ortho-and para-localizers, chlorine atoms can be selectively introduced into the para-position to obtain p-chlorophenol. This method is relatively direct, but it is necessary to precisely control the reaction conditions to inhibit the occurrence of side reactions such as ortho-substitution and improve the purity of the product.
Third, p-dichlorobenzene is used as raw material. p-dichlorobenzene and sodium hydroxide undergo hydrolysis under high temperature, high pressure and catalyst action. One chlorine atom is replaced by a hydroxyl group to form p-chlorophenol. This method requires specific reaction equipment to meet high temperature and high pressure conditions, but the product purity is acceptable. When preparing p-chlorophenol, the most suitable preparation method should be selected according to the actual situation, considering many factors such as raw material cost, reaction conditions, equipment requirements and product purity.
Scan to WhatsApp
