Benzene, (1-Chloroethyl)-

Linshang Chemical

Specifications

HS Code

592334

Chemical Formula C8H9Cl
Molar Mass 140.61 g/mol
Appearance Colorless to light - yellow liquid
Odor Aromatic odor
Density 1.06 g/cm³ (approximate)
Boiling Point 195 - 198 °C
Melting Point -45 °C (approximate)
Solubility In Water Insoluble
Solubility In Organic Solvents Soluble in many organic solvents like ethanol, ether
Flash Point 72 °C (closed - cup, approximate)

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Packing & Storage
Packing 100g of (1 - chloroethyl) - benzene in a tightly - sealed glass bottle.
Storage (1 - chloroethyl) - benzene should be stored in a cool, well - ventilated area, away from heat, sparks, and open flames. Keep it in a tightly - sealed container, preferably made of materials resistant to corrosion. Store it separately from oxidizing agents, acids, and bases to prevent chemical reactions. Ensure proper labeling for easy identification and safety.
Shipping "(1 - chloroethyl) - benzene" is a potentially hazardous chemical. Shipping requires compliance with strict regulations. It must be properly packaged in suitable containers, labeled clearly, and transported by carriers licensed for such chemicals.
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Benzene, (1-Chloroethyl)- Benzene, (1-Chloroethyl)-
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Frequently Asked Questions

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Benzene, (1-chloroethyl) - what are the chemical properties
(1-Chloroethyl) benzene is also an organic compound. Its unique properties are related to changes in all ends of chemistry, and it has many applications in the field of chemical industry.
This substance has the properties of aromatic hydrocarbons, because it contains benzene rings. The benzene ring is a conjugated system with relatively stable properties and has a special electron cloud distribution, which makes (1-chloroethyl) benzene different from normal substances.
Its chlorine atom is attached to the ethyl group, while the ethyl group is connected to the benzene ring. The chlorine atom is electronegative, and the electron effect is significant. This electronic effect makes the molecular charge distribution uneven, and the reactive activity is different from that of simple benzene. If the nucleophilic substitution reaction, the chlorine atom is the reaction check point. Due to the deviation of the electron cloud, the chlorine atom is vulnerable to the attack of the nucleophilic reagent and leaves to form a new compound.
In the electrophilic substitution reaction, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring also changes due to the influence of chloroethyl. Chloroethyl is an ortho-para locator. Although the electron cloud density of the benzene ring is reduced, the ortho-para is still relatively rich in electrons, so the electrophilic reagents are easy to attack the ortho-para.
Furthermore, (1-chloroethyl) benzene can undergo free radical reactions under light or heating conditions. Hydrogen atoms on the ethyl group can be grabbed by free radicals, triggering a series of chain
Its physical properties cannot be ignored. At room temperature, (1-chloroethyl) benzene may be a liquid, with a certain volatility and a special odor. Its boiling point, melting point and other physical parameters are determined by intermolecular forces, such as Van der Waals force, dipole-dipole force, etc. And its solubility is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, but insoluble in water, which is due to its non-polar molecular structure.
What are the physical properties of Benzene, (1-chloroethyl)?
(1-chloroethyl) benzene is an organic compound. It has unique physical properties and is mostly in a liquid state under normal temperature and pressure. Looking at its color, it is often colorless and transparent, just like a crystal clear liquid, pure and free of variegated colors.
Smell it, (1-chloroethyl) benzene emits an aromatic gas, but this fragrance also contains a little special smell, which gives people a unique feeling. Its density is greater than that of water, and it is placed in water, like a stone sinking into the abyss, slowly sinking.
When it comes to volatility, (1-chloroethyl) benzene has a certain volatility. In an open environment, its molecules are like active sprites, gradually escaping into the air. Boiling point is also one of its important physical properties. At a specific temperature, (1-chloroethyl) benzene will change from liquid to gaseous state, achieving a phase transition.
In terms of solubility, (1-chloroethyl) benzene is insoluble in water, and water and it are like two different paths, making it difficult to blend. However, in organic solvents, (1-chloroethyl) benzene is like a duck to water, can be well dissolved, and is closely related to organic solvents, showing its unique solubility characteristics in organic systems. These physical properties are the key to understanding and studying (1-chloroethyl) benzene, and are of great significance in many fields such as chemical industry and scientific research.
Benzene, (1-chloroethyl) - what is the main use of
(1-Chloroethyl) benzene has a wide range of uses. In the field of organic synthesis, it is often used as a key raw material. Due to its unique structure, it can be derived from other organic compounds through many chemical reactions.
In the fine chemical industry, (1-chloroethyl) benzene is often used as a starting material for the synthesis of fragrances and pharmaceutical intermediates. Due to the synthesis of fragrances, organic molecules with specific structures are often required as motifs. The structure of this compound can be skillfully transformed to meet the special functional groups and skeleton requirements required for the synthesis of fragrances. In the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, specific groups can be introduced through halogenation, substitution and other reactions to lay the foundation for the preparation of various drugs.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, it can also be seen. It can participate in the synthesis reaction of polymer materials and give the material specific properties. For example, by polymerizing with other monomers, the structure and properties of the polymer chain are changed, so that the resulting material has better solubility, thermal stability or mechanical properties.
In addition, (1-chloroethyl) benzene can sometimes be used as a solvent or ligand in organic catalytic reactions, which affects the rate and selectivity of the reaction. Due to the electronic and spatial effects of the benzene ring and chloroethyl group, it can adjust the electron cloud density and spatial environment of the reactive center, which in turn affects the process and results of the catalytic reaction. Overall, (1-chloroethyl) benzene has important uses in many fields of chemical industry, and is indispensable for the development of organic synthesis, fine chemicals, and materials science.
Benzene, (1-chloroethyl) - what is the synthesis method
The method for preparing (1-chloroethyl) benzene can follow the following steps.
First, benzene is used as the substrate, and the (1-chloroethyl) group is to be introduced. The Fu-gram alkylation reaction is often carried out with chloroethane and benzene. This reaction requires a suitable catalyst, such as anhydrous aluminum trichloride. The reaction mechanism is that the chlorine atom complexes with aluminum trichloride under the action of aluminum trichloride, so that the ethyl carbon is partially positively charged to form a carbon-positive ion intermediate. This carbon positive ion acts as an electrophilic reagent to attack the electron cloud of the benzene ring, and an electrophilic substitution reaction occurs. The hydrogen atom on the benzene ring is replaced by (1-chloroethyl) to form (1-chloroethyl) benzene, and hydrogen chloride gas is generated at the same time. During the reaction process, attention should be paid to the control of the reaction conditions. The temperature should not be too high, otherwise side reactions are prone to occur, such as the formation of polyalkylation products. Because the Fu-gram alkylation reaction is a reversible reaction, the (1-chloroethyl) benzene that has been generated at high temperature may interact with the carbon positive ion to introduce more ethyl groups. The reaction system needs to maintain an anhydrous environment, because water will react with aluminum trichloride, making it inactive and unable The amount of aluminum trichloride also needs to be considered. If the amount is too small, the catalytic effect is not good, and the reaction rate is slow. If the amount is too large, although the reaction can be accelerated, the subsequent treatment is troublesome and the cost is increased. After the reaction is completed, the mixture contains the product (1-chloroethyl) benzene, unreacted benzene, catalyst and by-products. It can be washed with water to remove some impurities dissolved in water and residual catalyst complexes. Then washed with alkali solution to neutralize unreacted acidic substances such as hydrogen chloride. After that, it is dried to remove the water in the system. Finally, by distillation, the difference in boiling points of each component is used to separate pure (1-chloroethyl) benzene. By this method, (1-chloroethyl) benzene can be effectively prepared.
Benzene, (1-chloroethyl) - what are the precautions in use
For (1-chloroethyl) benzene, all precautions should be carefully observed when using it.
First, this substance is toxic and can be harmful if it comes into contact with the human body or inhales its vapor. When using it, be sure to prepare proper protective equipment, such as gas masks, protective gloves and protective clothing, to prevent it from coming into contact with the skin and respiratory tract. If you accidentally touch it, rinse it with plenty of water immediately and seek medical attention as appropriate.
Second, (1-chloroethyl) benzene is a flammable product, which is highly flammable and explosive in case of open flames and hot topics. Storage and use must be kept away from fire and heat sources, and fireworks are strictly prohibited. Electrical devices should also be explosion-proof to prevent accidents caused by electric sparks.
Third, it is necessary to use it in a well-ventilated place. Because of its volatilization, the vapor can accumulate in the space, causing the concentration to rise, increasing the risk of danger. Good ventilation can make the vapor dissipate in time, reducing the risk of explosion and poisoning.
Fourth, when operating, the action should be steady and careful to avoid container collision and dumping to prevent leakage. If there is a leak, the scene should be isolated immediately, unrelated people should be evacuated, and fire should be strictly prohibited from entering. Small leaks can be adsorbed and collected by inert materials such as sand and vermiculite; if there are large leaks, they need to build a dike or dig a pit to contain them, and transfer them to a special container with an explosion-proof pump for professional disposal.
Fifth, the storage of (1-chloroethyl) benzene should be placed in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place, and stored separately from oxidants, acids, and bases. It should not be mixed and stored to prevent chemical reactions. The storage container should also be tightly sealed and checked regularly to see if there is any leakage.
In short, the use of (1-chloroethyl) benzene must be operated in accordance with specifications, with heavy safety protection, so as to ensure the safety of personnel and the smooth production.
Benzene, (1-chloroethyl) - what are the chemical properties
(1-Chloroethyl) benzene is also an organic compound. Its chemical properties are unique and valuable to explore.
On reactivity, the chlorine atom in (1-chloroethyl) benzene is active. Because the chlorine atom has an electron-absorbing effect, the electron cloud density of the carbon atom connected to it decreases, and the carbon atom is vulnerable to attack by nucleophiles, which in turn triggers a nucleophilic substitution reaction. For example, when encountering hydroxyl anions (OH), chlorine atoms can be replaced by hydroxyl groups to form (1-hydroxyethyl) benzene. The reaction equation is roughly as follows: (1-chloroethyl) benzene + OH → (1-hydroxyethyl) benzene + Cl.
Furthermore, (1-chloroethyl) benzene can also participate in the elimination reaction. When in an alkaline environment and under appropriate heating conditions, the chlorine atom and the hydrogen atom on the adjacent carbon atom can be removed to form a carbon-carbon double bond, resulting in vinyl benzene and hydrogen chloride. This reaction requires a suitable base and temperature to promote its smooth occurrence.
In addition, the benzene ring of (1-chloroethyl) benzene also has important chemical properties. The benzene ring has a conjugated π electron system and is electron-rich. It is easily attacked by electrophilic reagents and undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions. If in the presence of appropriate catalysts, bromine can react with bromine and introduce bromine atoms into the benzene ring.
The existence of (1-chloroethyl) benzene chloride atoms and the benzene ring shows a variety of chemical properties. It is widely used in the field of organic synthesis and can be converted into various organic compounds through many reactions. It is of great significance in the field of chemical engineering and chemical research.
What are the physical properties of Benzene, (1-chloroethyl)?
(1-Chloroethyl) benzene is an organic compound. It has unique physical properties, which are described in detail by you.
Looking at its physical state, under room temperature and pressure, (1-chloroethyl) benzene is a colorless and transparent liquid. Under sunlight, it can be seen that it is bright and bright, like a mirror.
Smell its smell, this substance emits aromatic gas, but its fragrance is not pleasant, but slightly pungent. If people smell it for a long time, it may hurt the nose and damage the lungs.
When it comes to the boiling point, the boiling point of (1-chloroethyl) benzene is quite high, about 179 ° C - 184 ° C. This property allows it to exist as a liquid at ordinary temperatures. If it wants to boil into a gaseous state, it must be applied to a higher temperature to provide sufficient energy to make its molecules break free from each other and escape into the air.
As for the melting point, it is about -50 ° C. When the ambient temperature drops below the melting point, (1-chloroethyl) benzene gradually solidifies, changing from a flowing liquid to a solid state. If time is still, its molecular arrangement also tends to be orderly.
(1-chloroethyl) benzene has a density greater than that of water, which is about 1.07g/cm ³. If it is placed in the same place as water, it can be seen that it sinks to the bottom of the water, and the two are distinct, just like the difference between heaven and earth.
In terms of solubility, it is difficult to dissolve in water. Due to the great difference between the molecular structure and the molecular structure of water, the force between the two is weak and difficult to blend with each other. However, in organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc., (1-chloroethyl) benzene can be miscible with it, just like fish get water, because the force between organic solvents and (1-chloroethyl) benzene molecules is similar and compatible with each other.
Benzene, (1-chloroethyl) - What are some common uses?
(1-Chloroethyl) benzene, which has a wide range of uses. In the field of organic synthesis, it is a key intermediate. Due to the active chemical properties of chlorine atoms in molecules, they can interact with various nucleophiles through many chemical reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution reactions, to derive organic compounds with diverse structures. For example, in the process of drug synthesis, it can be used as a starting material to construct a molecular structure with specific pharmacological activities through ingenious reaction steps, which can assist in the creation of new drugs.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, (1-chloroethyl) benzene has also shown important uses. Through appropriate polymerization reactions, it can be introduced into the structure of polymer polymers, giving materials unique properties. Such as improving the solubility, thermal stability or mechanical properties of materials, etc., to meet the needs of different fields for special materials, and has potential applications in coatings, plastics and other industries.
In addition, in the preparation of fine chemical products, (1-chloroethyl) benzene also plays an indispensable role. It can be used to synthesize various fine chemicals, such as fragrances, additives, etc., to add specific functions and characteristics to the product, and improve the quality and value of the product.
Benzene, (1-chloroethyl) - what is the preparation method
The method of preparing (1-chloroethyl) benzene was not described in detail in the ancient "Tiangong Kaiwu", but according to today's chemical method, it can be obtained by the alkylation reaction of benzene and chloroethane by Fu-gram.
First take an appropriate amount of benzene and place it in a clean and dry reaction vessel. The vessel must be able to withstand a certain temperature and pressure, and have good sealing performance. Then, add an appropriate amount of anhydrous aluminum trichloride as a catalyst. Anhydrous aluminum trichloride is crucial in this reaction, which can promote the progress of the reaction and increase the reaction rate.
Slowly drop chloroethane into the reaction vessel containing benzene and anhydrous aluminum trichloride. The process of dropwise addition must be slow and uniform to prevent the reaction from being too violent and out of control. At the same time, the reaction needs to be carried out at an appropriate temperature. Generally, the suitable temperature for this reaction is between room temperature and a slightly higher temperature range, about 30-50 degrees Celsius. During the reaction, it is necessary to continuously stir to make the reactants fully contact, so that the reaction can occur uniformly.
During the reaction, pay close attention to the reaction phenomena, such as temperature changes, gas escape, etc. When the reaction is completed, the resulting product contains the desired (1-chloroethyl) benzene, and may also contain unreacted raw materials and by-products.
In order to obtain pure (1-chloroethyl) benzene, separation and purification operations are required. First, some impurities soluble in water and catalyst residues are removed by washing with water. After that, it is extracted with an organic solvent to enrich the product in the organic phase. Then by distillation, (1-chloroethyl) benzene is separated according to the difference in boiling points of different substances to obtain a pure product.
This preparation method requires fine operation and attention to the control of conditions in each link to obtain higher yield and purity of (1-chloroethyl) benzene.
Benzene, (1-chloroethyl) - What is the environmental impact?
The environmental impact of (1-chloroethyl) benzene is quite important and should be reviewed in detail. The properties of this substance are related to its various effects on the environment. It has certain volatility, in the atmosphere, or can participate in photochemical reactions, interact with many free radicals, affect the chemical balance of the atmosphere, cause changes in air quality, or generate harmful fumes, damage visibility, and disturb the breathing environment of organisms.
If it enters the water body, it will be hydrophobic or adsorbed on suspended particles, settle to the sediment, and remain for a long time. This is significantly harmful to aquatic organisms, or causes their physiological disorders, interfering with their reproduction, development and behavior. In the food chain, there is a risk of bioaccumulation. From low-level organisms to high-level organisms, the concentration gradually increases, endangering the top organisms and destroying the ecological balance.
In soil, (1-chloroethyl) benzene may hinder the normal metabolism of soil microorganisms, affect the activity of soil enzymes, and then hinder the nutrient cycle and material transformation of soil. After vegetation absorption, it may cause growth inhibition, leaf color variation, and yield and quality decline.
Furthermore, this substance degrades slowly in the environment, persists for a long time, accumulates over the years, and gradually erodes the structure and function of the ecosystem. Therefore, its impact on the environment is extensive and far-reaching, and it must be handled with caution to prevent ecological deterioration, protect the tranquility of the environment, and ensure the growth of all things.