Linshang Chemical
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M-Chlorofluorobenzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
856524 |
| Chemical Formula | C6H4ClF |
| Molar Mass | 128.546 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Characteristic aromatic odor |
| Density | 1.21 g/cm³ (at 20 °C) |
| Boiling Point | 129 - 131 °C |
| Melting Point | -48 °C |
| Solubility In Water | Insoluble |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in common organic solvents like ethanol, ether |
| Vapor Pressure | 1.33 kPa at 20.4 °C |
| Flash Point | 33 °C |
As an accredited M-Chlorofluorobenzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 100 - gram bottle of M - chlorofluorobenzene, securely sealed for chemical storage. |
| Storage | M - chlorofluorobenzene should be stored in a cool, well - ventilated area, away from heat and ignition sources. It should be stored in a tightly - sealed container, preferably made of materials resistant to corrosion. Keep it separated from oxidizing agents, reducing agents, and reactive chemicals to prevent potential reactions. Ensure the storage area has proper spill - containment measures. |
| Shipping | M - chlorofluorobenzene is shipped in tightly - sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It's transported in accordance with hazardous chemical regulations, ensuring proper labeling, secure handling during transit to prevent spills and risks. |
Competitive M-Chlorofluorobenzene prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
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What are the main uses of M-chlorofluorobenzene?
M-chlorofluorobenzene (M-chlorofluorobenzene) has a wide range of uses and is important in various fields of chemical industry.
First, it is often a key intermediate in the synthesis of medicine. Through specific reactions, chlorine and fluorine atoms can be introduced. This diatom has unique properties and can greatly change the physical, chemical properties and biological activities of compounds. For example, in the preparation of some antibacterial drugs, M-chlorofluorobenzene is converted through a series of reactions. The resulting product exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against specific bacteria due to the presence of chlorine and fluorine atoms, and the pharmacokinetic properties are also optimized.
Second, it has a significant position in the creation of pesticides. As a starting material, pesticides with high insecticidal, bactericidal or herbicidal effects can be synthesized. The introduction of fluorine atoms can often enhance the affinity and effect of pesticides on target organisms. Chlorine atoms can adjust the fat solubility of compounds, help them better adhere to plant surfaces or penetrate the epidermis of pests, and then improve the efficacy. Like some new herbicides containing fluorochlorine, the herbicide effect is good and the environment is low.
Third, in the field of materials science, it also plays a role. In the synthesis of special polymer materials, M-chlorofluorobenzene participates in the reaction, which can give the material special properties. For example, in the preparation of high-performance engineering plastics, it is introduced into the polymer backbone as a structural unit, which can enhance the intermolecular force due to the high electronegativity of chlorine and fluorine atoms, significantly improving the heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance of plastics, and can be applied to aerospace, electronics, and other fields that require strict material properties.
First, it is often a key intermediate in the synthesis of medicine. Through specific reactions, chlorine and fluorine atoms can be introduced. This diatom has unique properties and can greatly change the physical, chemical properties and biological activities of compounds. For example, in the preparation of some antibacterial drugs, M-chlorofluorobenzene is converted through a series of reactions. The resulting product exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against specific bacteria due to the presence of chlorine and fluorine atoms, and the pharmacokinetic properties are also optimized.
Second, it has a significant position in the creation of pesticides. As a starting material, pesticides with high insecticidal, bactericidal or herbicidal effects can be synthesized. The introduction of fluorine atoms can often enhance the affinity and effect of pesticides on target organisms. Chlorine atoms can adjust the fat solubility of compounds, help them better adhere to plant surfaces or penetrate the epidermis of pests, and then improve the efficacy. Like some new herbicides containing fluorochlorine, the herbicide effect is good and the environment is low.
Third, in the field of materials science, it also plays a role. In the synthesis of special polymer materials, M-chlorofluorobenzene participates in the reaction, which can give the material special properties. For example, in the preparation of high-performance engineering plastics, it is introduced into the polymer backbone as a structural unit, which can enhance the intermolecular force due to the high electronegativity of chlorine and fluorine atoms, significantly improving the heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance of plastics, and can be applied to aerospace, electronics, and other fields that require strict material properties.
What are the physical properties of M-chlorofluorobenzene?
M-chlorofluorobenzene is also an organic compound. It has unique physical properties, which are described in detail by you.
Looking at its properties, under room temperature and pressure, M-chlorofluorobenzene is a colorless and transparent liquid. Under sunlight, it can be seen that it has a bright luster, like jade dew. Its smell is special and fragrant, but it can be smelled carefully, and it is also slightly irritating. Although it is not very strong, it can be felt strange when smelled.
As for the melting boiling point, the melting point is -57.7 ° C, and the boiling point is between 128-129 ° C. This melting point boiling point characteristic makes M-chlorofluorobenzene mostly exist in liquid state in normal temperature environments. If the external temperature drops sharply, to below -57.7 ° C, the square solidifies into a solid state; if the temperature gradually rises, reaching 128-129 ° C, it turns into gaseous rising.
Its density is about 1.22 g/mL, which is heavier than water. If M-chlorofluorobenzene is mixed with water, it can be seen that it sinks in the bottom of the water, like a pearl of water, with a clear boundary with water. And M-chlorofluorobenzene is extremely insoluble in water, and the two are like business, and it is difficult to blend. However, it can be soluble in a variety of organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, acetone, etc., and it can be miscible and fused with other solvents, just like fish get water.
In addition, the vapor pressure of M-chlorofluorobenzene is about 1.33 kPa at 20 ° C, indicating that it has a certain volatility. In an open environment, its molecules gradually escape from the liquid surface and disperse in the surrounding air. However, compared with other substances, the volatility is not extreme. Its flash point is 34 ° C. In case of open flame and hot topic, there is a risk of combustion and explosion. When using and storing, do not be careless.
Looking at its properties, under room temperature and pressure, M-chlorofluorobenzene is a colorless and transparent liquid. Under sunlight, it can be seen that it has a bright luster, like jade dew. Its smell is special and fragrant, but it can be smelled carefully, and it is also slightly irritating. Although it is not very strong, it can be felt strange when smelled.
As for the melting boiling point, the melting point is -57.7 ° C, and the boiling point is between 128-129 ° C. This melting point boiling point characteristic makes M-chlorofluorobenzene mostly exist in liquid state in normal temperature environments. If the external temperature drops sharply, to below -57.7 ° C, the square solidifies into a solid state; if the temperature gradually rises, reaching 128-129 ° C, it turns into gaseous rising.
Its density is about 1.22 g/mL, which is heavier than water. If M-chlorofluorobenzene is mixed with water, it can be seen that it sinks in the bottom of the water, like a pearl of water, with a clear boundary with water. And M-chlorofluorobenzene is extremely insoluble in water, and the two are like business, and it is difficult to blend. However, it can be soluble in a variety of organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, acetone, etc., and it can be miscible and fused with other solvents, just like fish get water.
In addition, the vapor pressure of M-chlorofluorobenzene is about 1.33 kPa at 20 ° C, indicating that it has a certain volatility. In an open environment, its molecules gradually escape from the liquid surface and disperse in the surrounding air. However, compared with other substances, the volatility is not extreme. Its flash point is 34 ° C. In case of open flame and hot topic, there is a risk of combustion and explosion. When using and storing, do not be careless.
What is the chemistry of M-chlorofluorobenzene?
M-chlorofluorobenzene is also an organic compound. Its molecule contains chlorine and fluorine atoms connected to the benzene ring. This substance has unique properties and is related to its chemical behavior and application.
As far as its chemical activity is concerned, the benzene ring has a conjugated system, resulting in a certain stability. However, the introduction of chlorine and fluorine atoms changes the electron cloud distribution and makes the electron cloud density of the benzene ring change. Both chlorine and fluorine are electron-withdrawing groups, which can reduce the electron cloud density of the benzene ring and make the electrophilic substitution reaction less active than benzene. During the electrophilic substitution reaction, the localization effect of chlorine and fluorine is significant. Chlorine and fluorine belong to ortho and para-localizers. Because lone pairs of electrons can be conjugated with the benzene ring, electrophilic reagents are easy to attack the ortho and para-sites of the benzene ring. This characteristic is very important in the design of organic synthesis.
In terms of chemical reactivity, M-chlorofluorobenzene can undergo a variety of reactions. One is the nucleophilic substitution reaction. Although the electrophilic substitution of the benzene ring is common, under certain conditions, chlorine or fluorine atoms can be replaced by nucleophilic reagents. If a strong base or a strong nucleophilic reagent exists, such reactions can be initiated, which is the way to construct new carbon-hetero Second, it can participate in the coupling reaction of metal catalysis. If it is combined with metal-containing reagents under the action of suitable catalysts, it can realize the formation of carbon-carbon bonds or carbon-heteroatomic bonds. This is widely used in the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
Furthermore, the physical properties of M-chlorofluorobenzene are also related to its chemical properties. It has a certain volatility, and its boiling point and melting point are within a specific range due to the relative molecular weight and intermolecular forces. In terms of solubility, due to the hydrophobicity of the benzene ring and the influence of chlorine and fluorine atoms, it has good solubility in organic solvents and poor solubility in water. This physical property also affects its behavior in the reaction system and the separation and purification process.
As far as its chemical activity is concerned, the benzene ring has a conjugated system, resulting in a certain stability. However, the introduction of chlorine and fluorine atoms changes the electron cloud distribution and makes the electron cloud density of the benzene ring change. Both chlorine and fluorine are electron-withdrawing groups, which can reduce the electron cloud density of the benzene ring and make the electrophilic substitution reaction less active than benzene. During the electrophilic substitution reaction, the localization effect of chlorine and fluorine is significant. Chlorine and fluorine belong to ortho and para-localizers. Because lone pairs of electrons can be conjugated with the benzene ring, electrophilic reagents are easy to attack the ortho and para-sites of the benzene ring. This characteristic is very important in the design of organic synthesis.
In terms of chemical reactivity, M-chlorofluorobenzene can undergo a variety of reactions. One is the nucleophilic substitution reaction. Although the electrophilic substitution of the benzene ring is common, under certain conditions, chlorine or fluorine atoms can be replaced by nucleophilic reagents. If a strong base or a strong nucleophilic reagent exists, such reactions can be initiated, which is the way to construct new carbon-hetero Second, it can participate in the coupling reaction of metal catalysis. If it is combined with metal-containing reagents under the action of suitable catalysts, it can realize the formation of carbon-carbon bonds or carbon-heteroatomic bonds. This is widely used in the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
Furthermore, the physical properties of M-chlorofluorobenzene are also related to its chemical properties. It has a certain volatility, and its boiling point and melting point are within a specific range due to the relative molecular weight and intermolecular forces. In terms of solubility, due to the hydrophobicity of the benzene ring and the influence of chlorine and fluorine atoms, it has good solubility in organic solvents and poor solubility in water. This physical property also affects its behavior in the reaction system and the separation and purification process.
What are M-chlorofluorobenzene synthesis methods?
M-chlorofluorobenzene is also an organic compound. The method of its synthesis is mostly followed. Common methods are roughly as follows:
First, it starts with m-chloroaniline, and can be prepared by diazotization and Sandmeier reaction. M-chloroaniline reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid to form diazonium salt, and then reacts with fluoroboronic acid to obtain m-chlorobenzene fluoroboronic acid diazonium salt, which is decomposed by heat to obtain m-chlorofluorobenzene. There are many steps in this way, but it can be obtained accurately.
Second, using m-dichlorobenzene as raw material, potassium fluoride is used for nucleophilic substitution reaction. Under specific solvents and catalysts, fluorine ions in potassium fluoride attack the chlorine atom of m-dichlorobenzene and replace it with monochlorine to The raw materials of this method are common, but suitable conditions are required to promote the anterograde reaction, such as high temperature, appropriate solvent and catalyst, to increase the activity of fluoride ions and improve the yield of the reaction.
Third, m-fluorobenzoic acid is started and prepared by decarboxylation and halogenation reaction. M-fluorobenzoic acid is first decarboxylated by specific reagents, and then chlorine atoms are introduced to obtain m-chlorofluorobenzene. This approach requires fine control of the reaction conditions. Both decarboxylation and halogenation steps affect the purity and yield of the product.
The above synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, they are selected according to factors such as raw material availability, cost, and product purity.
First, it starts with m-chloroaniline, and can be prepared by diazotization and Sandmeier reaction. M-chloroaniline reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid to form diazonium salt, and then reacts with fluoroboronic acid to obtain m-chlorobenzene fluoroboronic acid diazonium salt, which is decomposed by heat to obtain m-chlorofluorobenzene. There are many steps in this way, but it can be obtained accurately.
Second, using m-dichlorobenzene as raw material, potassium fluoride is used for nucleophilic substitution reaction. Under specific solvents and catalysts, fluorine ions in potassium fluoride attack the chlorine atom of m-dichlorobenzene and replace it with monochlorine to The raw materials of this method are common, but suitable conditions are required to promote the anterograde reaction, such as high temperature, appropriate solvent and catalyst, to increase the activity of fluoride ions and improve the yield of the reaction.
Third, m-fluorobenzoic acid is started and prepared by decarboxylation and halogenation reaction. M-fluorobenzoic acid is first decarboxylated by specific reagents, and then chlorine atoms are introduced to obtain m-chlorofluorobenzene. This approach requires fine control of the reaction conditions. Both decarboxylation and halogenation steps affect the purity and yield of the product.
The above synthesis methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical application, they are selected according to factors such as raw material availability, cost, and product purity.
M-chlorofluorobenzene What are the precautions during storage and transportation?
M-chlorofluorobenzene is also an organic compound. In the process of storage and transportation, many matters need to be paid attention to.
The first word of storage should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Because the substance is prone to danger when heated, a cool and ventilated place can ensure its stability. The temperature of the warehouse should be strictly controlled and not too high to prevent its volatilization or chemical reaction. And it needs to be kept away from fire and heat sources. Open flames and hot topics can cause it to explode, which is the most important thing.
Furthermore, it should be stored separately from oxidants and edible chemicals. Because of its active chemical properties, it encounters with oxidants or causes violent reactions; it is stored with edible chemicals. If there is leakage, it may cause food safety. At the same time, the storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks to prevent the spread of contaminants during leakage.
As for transportation, the transportation vehicle must be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and no other chemicals should be left to avoid adverse reactions with M-chlorofluorobenzene. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage. During driving, drivers should drive slowly and avoid intense operations such as sudden braking and sharp turns to prevent packaging damage.
During transportation, also pay attention to sun protection and rain protection. Sunlight exposure can increase the temperature and accelerate the evaporation of substances; if the packaging is damaged due to rain, it can also cause leakage. And transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire-fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment for emergencies. Escorts should also be familiar with the nature of the chemical and emergency disposal methods, and always pay attention to the transportation situation to ensure the safety of transportation.
The first word of storage should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Because the substance is prone to danger when heated, a cool and ventilated place can ensure its stability. The temperature of the warehouse should be strictly controlled and not too high to prevent its volatilization or chemical reaction. And it needs to be kept away from fire and heat sources. Open flames and hot topics can cause it to explode, which is the most important thing.
Furthermore, it should be stored separately from oxidants and edible chemicals. Because of its active chemical properties, it encounters with oxidants or causes violent reactions; it is stored with edible chemicals. If there is leakage, it may cause food safety. At the same time, the storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks to prevent the spread of contaminants during leakage.
As for transportation, the transportation vehicle must be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and no other chemicals should be left to avoid adverse reactions with M-chlorofluorobenzene. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall or damage. During driving, drivers should drive slowly and avoid intense operations such as sudden braking and sharp turns to prevent packaging damage.
During transportation, also pay attention to sun protection and rain protection. Sunlight exposure can increase the temperature and accelerate the evaporation of substances; if the packaging is damaged due to rain, it can also cause leakage. And transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire-fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment for emergencies. Escorts should also be familiar with the nature of the chemical and emergency disposal methods, and always pay attention to the transportation situation to ensure the safety of transportation.
What are the main uses of M-chlorofluorobenzene?
M-chlorofluorobenzene (m-chlorofluorobenzene) is widely used. In the field of pharmaceutical synthesis, it is often an important starting material. Due to its unique chemical structure, various functional groups can be introduced through many chemical reactions, and then complex drug molecular structures can be constructed. For example, in the synthesis of some antibacterial drugs, the chlorine and fluorine atoms of M-chlorofluorobenzene can significantly affect the binding ability of the drug to the target, and improve the drug activity and selectivity.
M-chlorofluorobenzene also plays a key role in the manufacture of pesticides. With its chemical properties, efficient and low-toxic pesticide products can be prepared. The introduction of fluorine atoms usually enhances the stability and biological activity of pesticides, while chlorine atoms help to regulate the fat solubility of pesticides, making them easier to function in pests and achieve good insecticidal, bactericidal or weeding effects.
In the field of materials science, M-chlorofluorobenzene can be used to synthesize special polymer materials. By polymerizing with other monomers, polymer materials can be endowed with special properties, such as excellent heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. These properties are of great application value in fields such as aerospace and electronics that require strict material properties.
In addition, in the study of organic synthesis chemistry, M-chlorofluorobenzene, as a commonly used organic intermediate, provides an important basic raw material for chemists to explore new reaction paths and develop novel synthesis methods. Due to its diverse reactivity checking points, it can carry out halogenation reactions, nucleophilic substitution reactions, metal catalysis reactions and other types of reactions, providing rich possibilities for the synthesis of various organic compounds.
M-chlorofluorobenzene also plays a key role in the manufacture of pesticides. With its chemical properties, efficient and low-toxic pesticide products can be prepared. The introduction of fluorine atoms usually enhances the stability and biological activity of pesticides, while chlorine atoms help to regulate the fat solubility of pesticides, making them easier to function in pests and achieve good insecticidal, bactericidal or weeding effects.
In the field of materials science, M-chlorofluorobenzene can be used to synthesize special polymer materials. By polymerizing with other monomers, polymer materials can be endowed with special properties, such as excellent heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. These properties are of great application value in fields such as aerospace and electronics that require strict material properties.
In addition, in the study of organic synthesis chemistry, M-chlorofluorobenzene, as a commonly used organic intermediate, provides an important basic raw material for chemists to explore new reaction paths and develop novel synthesis methods. Due to its diverse reactivity checking points, it can carry out halogenation reactions, nucleophilic substitution reactions, metal catalysis reactions and other types of reactions, providing rich possibilities for the synthesis of various organic compounds.
What are the physical properties of M-chlorofluorobenzene?
M-chlorofluorobenzene is an organic compound. It has unique physical properties, detailed as follows:
Looking at its properties, under room temperature and pressure, M-chlorofluorobenzene is a colorless and transparent liquid, with a clear appearance and a shiny luster. Smell it, it has an aromatic smell, but this fragrance is not pleasant, but has a certain irritation, and people feel uncomfortable when smelling it.
When it comes to the melting point, its melting point is about -57.7 ° C, and the boiling point is about 129-131 ° C. The melting point is very low, so it is a liquid at room temperature, and the boiling point is not very high. It can be boiled into a gaseous state under moderate heating conditions.
When it comes to density, its density is higher than that of water, about 1.26 g/cm ³. If it is mixed with water, it will sink underwater, and the two are clearly defined, just like a vermilion.
In terms of solubility, M-chlorofluorobenzene is insoluble in water, and it is difficult to blend in water like oil floats in water. However, it is soluble in many organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, acetone, etc., and can be uniformly dispersed and immiscible in such solvents.
In terms of volatility, M-chlorofluorobenzene is volatile to a certain extent. In an open environment, it will slowly transform from liquid to gaseous and dissipate in the air. Although its volatilization rate is not extremely fast, it can still evaporate over time.
In addition, the vapor pressure of M-chlorofluorobenzene has a specific value within a certain temperature range, and the vapor pressure reflects its volatilization tendency. This value indicates that it has a certain volatilization ability at the corresponding temperature, and the vapor is heavier than air, and it accumulates at a low place. In case of open flame, hot topic or risk of combustion and explosion.
Looking at its properties, under room temperature and pressure, M-chlorofluorobenzene is a colorless and transparent liquid, with a clear appearance and a shiny luster. Smell it, it has an aromatic smell, but this fragrance is not pleasant, but has a certain irritation, and people feel uncomfortable when smelling it.
When it comes to the melting point, its melting point is about -57.7 ° C, and the boiling point is about 129-131 ° C. The melting point is very low, so it is a liquid at room temperature, and the boiling point is not very high. It can be boiled into a gaseous state under moderate heating conditions.
When it comes to density, its density is higher than that of water, about 1.26 g/cm ³. If it is mixed with water, it will sink underwater, and the two are clearly defined, just like a vermilion.
In terms of solubility, M-chlorofluorobenzene is insoluble in water, and it is difficult to blend in water like oil floats in water. However, it is soluble in many organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, acetone, etc., and can be uniformly dispersed and immiscible in such solvents.
In terms of volatility, M-chlorofluorobenzene is volatile to a certain extent. In an open environment, it will slowly transform from liquid to gaseous and dissipate in the air. Although its volatilization rate is not extremely fast, it can still evaporate over time.
In addition, the vapor pressure of M-chlorofluorobenzene has a specific value within a certain temperature range, and the vapor pressure reflects its volatilization tendency. This value indicates that it has a certain volatilization ability at the corresponding temperature, and the vapor is heavier than air, and it accumulates at a low place. In case of open flame, hot topic or risk of combustion and explosion.
What is the chemistry of M-chlorofluorobenzene?
M-chlorofluorobenzene is also an organic compound. In its molecular structure, the chlorine atom and the fluorine atom above the benzene ring are in an interposition. The chemical properties of this substance are very interesting and have important application value.
First talk about its stability. The benzene ring structure gives M-chlorofluorobenzene equivalent stability. The π electron cloud forms a conjugated system, which reduces the molecular energy and makes it less prone to violent reactions such as ring opening. However, the stability of the benzene ring is not absolute. Due to the uneven distribution of electron cloud density, when encountering electrophilic reagents, it can initiate electrophilic substitution reactions.
As far as electrophilic substitution reactions are concerned, although both chlorine and fluorine atoms have electron-absorbing induction effects, they also have electron-giving conjugation effects. Under the combined influence of the two, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring decreases, and the electrophilic substitution reactivity is slightly lower than that of benzene. And in terms of localization effect, chlorine and fluorine are both ortho and para-localization groups. Therefore, when electrophilic reagents attack the benzene ring, they mainly generate ortho and para-substitution products.
M - The halogen atom of chlorofluorobenzene also has special reactivity. Chlorine atoms and fluorine atoms can undergo substitution reactions. In case of nucleophiles, chlorine or fluorine atoms can be replaced by other groups under suitable conditions. However, due to the large bond energy of C-F, the substitution reaction conditions of fluorine atoms are often harsh, and conditions such as stronger nucleophiles or higher temperatures are required
Because of its chlorine, fluorine and other halogen atoms, it can participate in many transformation reactions in organic synthesis, such as the construction of complex organic molecular structures, the preparation of intermediates in drugs, pesticides, materials and other fields.
In short, M-chlorofluorobenzene has unique chemical properties, coexistence of stability and reactivity, and plays an important role in the field of organic synthesis chemistry. In-depth research on it will help to develop more new organic compounds and related applications.
First talk about its stability. The benzene ring structure gives M-chlorofluorobenzene equivalent stability. The π electron cloud forms a conjugated system, which reduces the molecular energy and makes it less prone to violent reactions such as ring opening. However, the stability of the benzene ring is not absolute. Due to the uneven distribution of electron cloud density, when encountering electrophilic reagents, it can initiate electrophilic substitution reactions.
As far as electrophilic substitution reactions are concerned, although both chlorine and fluorine atoms have electron-absorbing induction effects, they also have electron-giving conjugation effects. Under the combined influence of the two, the electron cloud density of the benzene ring decreases, and the electrophilic substitution reactivity is slightly lower than that of benzene. And in terms of localization effect, chlorine and fluorine are both ortho and para-localization groups. Therefore, when electrophilic reagents attack the benzene ring, they mainly generate ortho and para-substitution products.
M - The halogen atom of chlorofluorobenzene also has special reactivity. Chlorine atoms and fluorine atoms can undergo substitution reactions. In case of nucleophiles, chlorine or fluorine atoms can be replaced by other groups under suitable conditions. However, due to the large bond energy of C-F, the substitution reaction conditions of fluorine atoms are often harsh, and conditions such as stronger nucleophiles or higher temperatures are required
Because of its chlorine, fluorine and other halogen atoms, it can participate in many transformation reactions in organic synthesis, such as the construction of complex organic molecular structures, the preparation of intermediates in drugs, pesticides, materials and other fields.
In short, M-chlorofluorobenzene has unique chemical properties, coexistence of stability and reactivity, and plays an important role in the field of organic synthesis chemistry. In-depth research on it will help to develop more new organic compounds and related applications.
What are M-chlorofluorobenzene synthesis methods?
For M-chlorofluorobenzene, organic compounds are also synthesized by the following methods.
First, fluorobenzene is used as the starting material and obtained by chlorination. Fluorobenzene and chlorine sources, such as chlorine gas, under suitable reaction conditions, such as light or the presence of a catalyst, the chlorine atoms in the chlorine gas can replace the hydrogen atoms on the fluorobenzene ring, and the meta-substitution products are the main ones, so M-chlorofluorobenzene is obtained. The key to this reaction lies in precise temperature control, proper catalyst selection and adjustment of the proportion of reactants, so that the reaction proceeds in the direction of generating meta-products.
Second, starting from m-chloroaniline. M-chloroaniline is first reacted by diazotization, with sodium nitrite and inorganic acid (such as hydrochloric acid) to convert the amino group into a diazo salt. Then, the diazo salt is treated with fluoroborate acid to form isochlorobenzene diazo fluoroborate. Finally, the salt is decomposed by heating, nitrogen is released, and the fluorine atom replaces the diazo group to obtain M-chlorofluorobenzene. There are many steps in this route, but the position of the substituent can be effectively controlled to improve the purity of the product.
Third, isochlorobenzoic acid is used as a raw material. First, the isochlorobenzoic acid is converted into isochlorobenzoyl chloride, which is treated with chlorination reagents such as dichlor Then the m-chlorobenzoyl chloride and the fluorinating agent, such as anhydrous hydrogen fluoride or potassium fluoride, are reacted under specific conditions, and the reverse process of Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction is decarboxylated and fluorinated to obtain M-chlorofluorobenzene. This method requires attention to the harsh reaction conditions and the characteristics of the fluorinating agent to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction.
All these synthesis methods have advantages and disadvantages, and must be carefully selected according to actual needs, such as the availability of raw materials, cost considerations, and product purity requirements.
First, fluorobenzene is used as the starting material and obtained by chlorination. Fluorobenzene and chlorine sources, such as chlorine gas, under suitable reaction conditions, such as light or the presence of a catalyst, the chlorine atoms in the chlorine gas can replace the hydrogen atoms on the fluorobenzene ring, and the meta-substitution products are the main ones, so M-chlorofluorobenzene is obtained. The key to this reaction lies in precise temperature control, proper catalyst selection and adjustment of the proportion of reactants, so that the reaction proceeds in the direction of generating meta-products.
Second, starting from m-chloroaniline. M-chloroaniline is first reacted by diazotization, with sodium nitrite and inorganic acid (such as hydrochloric acid) to convert the amino group into a diazo salt. Then, the diazo salt is treated with fluoroborate acid to form isochlorobenzene diazo fluoroborate. Finally, the salt is decomposed by heating, nitrogen is released, and the fluorine atom replaces the diazo group to obtain M-chlorofluorobenzene. There are many steps in this route, but the position of the substituent can be effectively controlled to improve the purity of the product.
Third, isochlorobenzoic acid is used as a raw material. First, the isochlorobenzoic acid is converted into isochlorobenzoyl chloride, which is treated with chlorination reagents such as dichlor Then the m-chlorobenzoyl chloride and the fluorinating agent, such as anhydrous hydrogen fluoride or potassium fluoride, are reacted under specific conditions, and the reverse process of Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction is decarboxylated and fluorinated to obtain M-chlorofluorobenzene. This method requires attention to the harsh reaction conditions and the characteristics of the fluorinating agent to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction.
All these synthesis methods have advantages and disadvantages, and must be carefully selected according to actual needs, such as the availability of raw materials, cost considerations, and product purity requirements.
What are the precautions in storage and transportation of M-chlorofluorobenzene?
M-chlorofluorobenzene is also an organic compound. During storage and transportation, many matters need to be paid attention to.
First word storage. This substance should be stored in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Because the compound is prone to change in stability or cause danger when heated, it is important to avoid heat. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within an appropriate range, and must not be too high. And it should be kept away from fires and heat sources to prevent it from burning or exploding due to open flames or high temperatures. At the same time, it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, bases, etc. Because M-chlorofluorobenzene is chemically active, contact with them, or cause violent chemical reactions, causing disasters. The storage area should also be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks, just in case of leakage, which can be dealt with in time to prevent its spread from causing greater harm.
As for transportation, it should not be underestimated. Before transportation, ensure that the packaging is complete and well sealed, so that M-chlorofluorobenzene will not leak during transportation. The means of transportation must be clean, dry, and free of other substances that may react with it. When transporting, follow the specified route, do not change at will, and avoid densely populated areas and important places to prevent transportation accidents from endangering people and the environment. During transportation, the escort personnel should pay close attention to the status of the goods. If there is any abnormality, such as leakage, odor, etc., take immediate measures or notify the relevant departments to deal with it. In conclusion, the storage and transportation of M-chlorofluorobenzene must be handled with caution to ensure safety.
First word storage. This substance should be stored in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Because the compound is prone to change in stability or cause danger when heated, it is important to avoid heat. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within an appropriate range, and must not be too high. And it should be kept away from fires and heat sources to prevent it from burning or exploding due to open flames or high temperatures. At the same time, it should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, bases, etc. Because M-chlorofluorobenzene is chemically active, contact with them, or cause violent chemical reactions, causing disasters. The storage area should also be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks, just in case of leakage, which can be dealt with in time to prevent its spread from causing greater harm.
As for transportation, it should not be underestimated. Before transportation, ensure that the packaging is complete and well sealed, so that M-chlorofluorobenzene will not leak during transportation. The means of transportation must be clean, dry, and free of other substances that may react with it. When transporting, follow the specified route, do not change at will, and avoid densely populated areas and important places to prevent transportation accidents from endangering people and the environment. During transportation, the escort personnel should pay close attention to the status of the goods. If there is any abnormality, such as leakage, odor, etc., take immediate measures or notify the relevant departments to deal with it. In conclusion, the storage and transportation of M-chlorofluorobenzene must be handled with caution to ensure safety.
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