Linshang Chemical
PRODUCTS
Para Nitrochloro Benzene
Linshang Chemical
|
HS Code |
305439 |
| Name | Para Nitrochloro Benzene |
| Chemical Formula | C6H4ClNO2 |
| Molar Mass | 157.55 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellowish crystalline solid |
| Odor | Characteristic odor |
| Melting Point | 83 - 84 °C |
| Boiling Point | 242 °C |
| Density | 1.52 g/cm³ |
| Solubility In Water | Insoluble |
| Solubility In Organic Solvents | Soluble in many organic solvents like ethanol, ether |
| Flash Point | 127 °C |
| Stability | Stable under normal conditions |
As an accredited Para Nitrochloro Benzene factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | 50 - kg bags of Para Nitrochloro Benzene, well - sealed for chemical protection. |
| Storage | Para Nitrochloro Benzene should be stored in a cool, dry, well - ventilated area, away from sources of ignition and heat. Keep it in tightly - sealed containers to prevent leakage. Store it separately from oxidizing agents, reducing agents, and bases due to potential chemical reactions. Regularly inspect storage areas for any signs of deterioration or leakage. |
| Shipping | Para Nitrochloro Benzene is shipped in tightly - sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It's transported under strict regulations due to its hazardous nature, ensuring safe handling during transit to prevent spills and environmental harm. |
Competitive Para Nitrochloro Benzene prices that fit your budget—flexible terms and customized quotes for every order.
For samples, pricing, or more information, please call us at +8615365006308 or mail to info@alchemist-chem.com.
We will respond to you as soon as possible.
Tel: +8615365006308
Email: info@alchemist-chem.com
Where to Buy Para Nitrochloro Benzene in China?
As a trusted Para Nitrochloro Benzene manufacturer, we deliver:
Factory-Direct Value: Competitive pricing with no middleman markups, tailored for bulk orders and project-scale requirements.
Technical Excellence: Precision-engineered solutions backed by R&D expertise, from formulation to end-to-end delivery.
Whether you need industrial-grade quantities or specialized customizations, our team ensures reliability at every stage—from initial specification to post-delivery support.
As a leading Para Nitrochloro Benzene supplier, we deliver high-quality products across diverse grades to meet evolving needs, empowering global customers with safe, efficient, and compliant chemical solutions.
What are the main uses of Para Nitrochloro Benzene?
For nitrochlorobenzene, it is also an important material for organic synthesis. It has a wide range of uses and is widely used in dyes, medicine, pesticides, rubber additives and other fields.
In the dye industry, it is often the key intermediate for the preparation of various azo dyes. From it, it can be reacted in multiple steps to obtain colorful and high-performance dyes, which can be used for dyeing fabrics, leather, etc., making it bright and lasting.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it is an important starting material for the synthesis of several drugs. After clever chemical transformation, it can obtain compounds with specific pharmacological activities, such as some antibacterial, anti-inflammatory drugs, etc., which contribute a lot to human health.
In the field of pesticides, p-nitrochlorobenzene is also indispensable. Many efficient pesticide varieties can be derived, such as insecticides, fungicides, etc., which can effectively control crop diseases and pests, ensure a bumper harvest of food, and greatly assist agricultural production.
In the rubber additive industry, the additives made from it can improve the properties of rubber, such as improving the wear resistance and aging resistance of rubber, so that the quality and service life of rubber products can be improved.
In summary, p-nitrochlorobenzene plays a key role in many industrial fields due to its unique chemical properties, providing important support for the development of modern industry.
In the dye industry, it is often the key intermediate for the preparation of various azo dyes. From it, it can be reacted in multiple steps to obtain colorful and high-performance dyes, which can be used for dyeing fabrics, leather, etc., making it bright and lasting.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it is an important starting material for the synthesis of several drugs. After clever chemical transformation, it can obtain compounds with specific pharmacological activities, such as some antibacterial, anti-inflammatory drugs, etc., which contribute a lot to human health.
In the field of pesticides, p-nitrochlorobenzene is also indispensable. Many efficient pesticide varieties can be derived, such as insecticides, fungicides, etc., which can effectively control crop diseases and pests, ensure a bumper harvest of food, and greatly assist agricultural production.
In the rubber additive industry, the additives made from it can improve the properties of rubber, such as improving the wear resistance and aging resistance of rubber, so that the quality and service life of rubber products can be improved.
In summary, p-nitrochlorobenzene plays a key role in many industrial fields due to its unique chemical properties, providing important support for the development of modern industry.
What are the physical properties of Para Nitrochloro Benzene?
Among nitrochlorobenzene, p-nitrochlorobenzene is a common thing. It has specific physical properties, so let me tell you one by one.
p-nitrochlorobenzene, under normal conditions, shows a light yellow crystalline state, which is quite delicate. Its melting point is quite high, about 83 degrees Celsius, and a higher temperature is required to melt it into a liquid state. This melting point characteristic has an important impact in many chemical operations. If separated and purified, it can be separated according to its melting point and appropriate temperature changes.
Its boiling point is also not low, about 242 degrees Celsius. When heated to such a high temperature, p-nitrochlorobenzene turns into a gaseous state. The level of boiling point depends on its performance in distillation and other operations, which can help craftsmen to precisely control the temperature and separate or purify the substance as needed.
The solubility of p-nitrochlorobenzene in water is very small, which can be said to be difficult to dissolve in water. This characteristic makes it often exist in a solid phase in an aqueous system and is easy to separate. However, it is soluble in some organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc. In the field of organic synthesis, this solubility characteristic allows it to be fully mixed and reacted with other organic substances in suitable solvents, which can help the preparation of various fine chemicals.
The density of p-nitrochlorobenzene is greater than that of water. If it is placed in water, it will slowly sink. This density characteristic can be used as an important basis for judging the distribution of substances in liquid-liquid separation and other operations, and can help craftsmen clarify the distribution of substances and properly handle the mixed system.
In addition, p-nitrochlorobenzene has a certain odor, although it is not strong and pungent, it cannot be ignored. In the production, storage and use, it is necessary to pay attention to ventilation to prevent odor accumulation and affect the environment and human health.
These are all the physical properties of p-nitrochlorobenzene. They are closely related to all things in the chemical industry, such as production and application. Practitioners need to know in detail and handle them carefully.
p-nitrochlorobenzene, under normal conditions, shows a light yellow crystalline state, which is quite delicate. Its melting point is quite high, about 83 degrees Celsius, and a higher temperature is required to melt it into a liquid state. This melting point characteristic has an important impact in many chemical operations. If separated and purified, it can be separated according to its melting point and appropriate temperature changes.
Its boiling point is also not low, about 242 degrees Celsius. When heated to such a high temperature, p-nitrochlorobenzene turns into a gaseous state. The level of boiling point depends on its performance in distillation and other operations, which can help craftsmen to precisely control the temperature and separate or purify the substance as needed.
The solubility of p-nitrochlorobenzene in water is very small, which can be said to be difficult to dissolve in water. This characteristic makes it often exist in a solid phase in an aqueous system and is easy to separate. However, it is soluble in some organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc. In the field of organic synthesis, this solubility characteristic allows it to be fully mixed and reacted with other organic substances in suitable solvents, which can help the preparation of various fine chemicals.
The density of p-nitrochlorobenzene is greater than that of water. If it is placed in water, it will slowly sink. This density characteristic can be used as an important basis for judging the distribution of substances in liquid-liquid separation and other operations, and can help craftsmen clarify the distribution of substances and properly handle the mixed system.
In addition, p-nitrochlorobenzene has a certain odor, although it is not strong and pungent, it cannot be ignored. In the production, storage and use, it is necessary to pay attention to ventilation to prevent odor accumulation and affect the environment and human health.
These are all the physical properties of p-nitrochlorobenzene. They are closely related to all things in the chemical industry, such as production and application. Practitioners need to know in detail and handle them carefully.
What are the chemical properties of Para Nitrochloro Benzene?
Para - Nitrochloro - Benzene (p-nitrochlorobenzene) is also an organic compound. It has unique chemical properties.
First of all, p-nitrochlorobenzene has considerable stability. Because of its benzene ring structure is relatively stable, and the presence of nitro and chlorine atoms, although the electron cloud density of the benzene ring changes, it does not easily decompose.
Secondly, in terms of its reactivity, nitro is a strong electron-absorbing group, which reduces the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, making the electrophilic substitution reaction more difficult to occur than benzene itself. However, under appropriate conditions, electrophilic substitution can still occur. For example, under specific catalyst and temperature conditions, it can react with electrophilic reagents. The electron cloud density of the neighboring and para-sites of nitro groups is relatively high, and the substitution reaction is more inclined to occur at these positions.
Furthermore, although the chlorine atom is an ortho-para-site group, its localization effect will be affected in some reactions due to the strong electron-absorbing action of the nitro group. P-nitrochlorobenzene can undergo hydrolysis reaction. Under alkaline conditions, the chlorine atom can be replaced by a hydroxyl group to form p-nitrophenol. This reaction requires a suitable temperature and alkali concentration. Due to excessive alkalinity or high temperature, side reactions may be triggered.
In addition, p-nitrochlorobenzene can participate in the reduction reaction, and the nitro group can be reduced to an amino group, thereby preparing important chemical raw materials such as p-chloroaniline. This reduction reaction is often achieved by metal and acid or catalytic hydrogenation. In short, the synergistic action of p-nitrochlorobenzene ring, nitro and chlorine atoms exhibits diverse and unique chemical properties and is widely used in the field of organic synthesis.
First of all, p-nitrochlorobenzene has considerable stability. Because of its benzene ring structure is relatively stable, and the presence of nitro and chlorine atoms, although the electron cloud density of the benzene ring changes, it does not easily decompose.
Secondly, in terms of its reactivity, nitro is a strong electron-absorbing group, which reduces the electron cloud density of the benzene ring, making the electrophilic substitution reaction more difficult to occur than benzene itself. However, under appropriate conditions, electrophilic substitution can still occur. For example, under specific catalyst and temperature conditions, it can react with electrophilic reagents. The electron cloud density of the neighboring and para-sites of nitro groups is relatively high, and the substitution reaction is more inclined to occur at these positions.
Furthermore, although the chlorine atom is an ortho-para-site group, its localization effect will be affected in some reactions due to the strong electron-absorbing action of the nitro group. P-nitrochlorobenzene can undergo hydrolysis reaction. Under alkaline conditions, the chlorine atom can be replaced by a hydroxyl group to form p-nitrophenol. This reaction requires a suitable temperature and alkali concentration. Due to excessive alkalinity or high temperature, side reactions may be triggered.
In addition, p-nitrochlorobenzene can participate in the reduction reaction, and the nitro group can be reduced to an amino group, thereby preparing important chemical raw materials such as p-chloroaniline. This reduction reaction is often achieved by metal and acid or catalytic hydrogenation. In short, the synergistic action of p-nitrochlorobenzene ring, nitro and chlorine atoms exhibits diverse and unique chemical properties and is widely used in the field of organic synthesis.
What is the production method of Para Nitrochloro Benzene?
The process of making p-nitrochlorobenzene often begins with chlorobenzene and is obtained by nitrification. Its details are as follows:
The first chlorobenzene is taken and placed in a corrosion-resistant vessel. Chlorobenzene, an organic compound with an aromatic ring, is the base material for making p-nitrochlorobenzene.
Second, prepare a nitrifying agent. Concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid are often mixed to form mixed acids. Concentrated sulfuric acid has catalytic energy here, and helps nitric acid to form nitroyl positive ions (NO 2), which is the active particle of nitrification.
Mixed acid and chlorobenzene are gradually mixed, and the temperature is controlled at an appropriate temperature. If the temperature is high, the by-product will increase, and o-nitrochlorobenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene will be obtained; if it is low, Usually, the temperature is controlled at 30 to 40 degrees Celsius.
When mixing, stir well to make the reactants fully contact and promote the homogeneity of the reaction.
After the reaction is completed, the product is separated and purified. First add water to reduce the concentration of mixed acid, so that the stratification is made, and the organic layer is taken. Then wash with alkali to remove the residual acid. Then wash with water to remove salt. Following distillation, according to the difference in boiling point, pure p-nitrochlorobenzene is obtained.
This is a common method for industrial production of p-nitrochlorobenzene. After various steps, high-quality products can be obtained, which should be used in dyes, medicine and other industries.
The first chlorobenzene is taken and placed in a corrosion-resistant vessel. Chlorobenzene, an organic compound with an aromatic ring, is the base material for making p-nitrochlorobenzene.
Second, prepare a nitrifying agent. Concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid are often mixed to form mixed acids. Concentrated sulfuric acid has catalytic energy here, and helps nitric acid to form nitroyl positive ions (NO 2), which is the active particle of nitrification.
Mixed acid and chlorobenzene are gradually mixed, and the temperature is controlled at an appropriate temperature. If the temperature is high, the by-product will increase, and o-nitrochlorobenzene and m-nitrochlorobenzene will be obtained; if it is low, Usually, the temperature is controlled at 30 to 40 degrees Celsius.
When mixing, stir well to make the reactants fully contact and promote the homogeneity of the reaction.
After the reaction is completed, the product is separated and purified. First add water to reduce the concentration of mixed acid, so that the stratification is made, and the organic layer is taken. Then wash with alkali to remove the residual acid. Then wash with water to remove salt. Following distillation, according to the difference in boiling point, pure p-nitrochlorobenzene is obtained.
This is a common method for industrial production of p-nitrochlorobenzene. After various steps, high-quality products can be obtained, which should be used in dyes, medicine and other industries.
What are the precautions for Para Nitrochloro Benzene during storage and transportation?
For nitrochlorobenzene, as well as chemical materials, many matters need to be paid attention to during storage and transportation.
First word storage. It must be stored in a cool and well-ventilated place. The cover is more active, and if it is in a place with high temperature or poor ventilation, it may cause accidents. And it is necessary to keep away from fire and heat sources, both of which are causes of danger. The lighting, ventilation and other facilities in the storage place must be explosion-proof, and the electrical equipment must also be set up according to the explosion-proof requirements to prevent static electricity from accumulating and causing harm. P-nitrochlorobenzene should be stored separately from oxidants, edible chemicals, etc., and must not be mixed. When it encounters with oxidants, it is easy to react violently and endanger safety; when mixed with edible chemicals, there is a risk of pollution.
Then transport. When transporting, the vehicle must ensure that it is in good condition and all safety facilities are complete. The escort personnel must be professionally trained and familiar with the characteristics of p-nitrochlorobenzene and emergency treatment methods. During the handling process, it must be handled lightly. Beware of damage to the packaging and containers. If the packaging is damaged and the material leaks, the consequences will be unimaginable. During transportation, it should be protected from sun exposure, rain, and high temperature. Summer transportation should be selected in the morning and evening to avoid the heat during the day. Road transport should be carried out along the prescribed route. Do not stop in residential areas and densely populated areas, so as to avoid accidents and harm to many lives. When transporting by rail, relevant regulations must also be followed to ensure the safety of transportation. In short, the storage and transportation of p-nitrochlorobenzene must be based on safety and strictly abide by the regulations to ensure safety.
First word storage. It must be stored in a cool and well-ventilated place. The cover is more active, and if it is in a place with high temperature or poor ventilation, it may cause accidents. And it is necessary to keep away from fire and heat sources, both of which are causes of danger. The lighting, ventilation and other facilities in the storage place must be explosion-proof, and the electrical equipment must also be set up according to the explosion-proof requirements to prevent static electricity from accumulating and causing harm. P-nitrochlorobenzene should be stored separately from oxidants, edible chemicals, etc., and must not be mixed. When it encounters with oxidants, it is easy to react violently and endanger safety; when mixed with edible chemicals, there is a risk of pollution.
Then transport. When transporting, the vehicle must ensure that it is in good condition and all safety facilities are complete. The escort personnel must be professionally trained and familiar with the characteristics of p-nitrochlorobenzene and emergency treatment methods. During the handling process, it must be handled lightly. Beware of damage to the packaging and containers. If the packaging is damaged and the material leaks, the consequences will be unimaginable. During transportation, it should be protected from sun exposure, rain, and high temperature. Summer transportation should be selected in the morning and evening to avoid the heat during the day. Road transport should be carried out along the prescribed route. Do not stop in residential areas and densely populated areas, so as to avoid accidents and harm to many lives. When transporting by rail, relevant regulations must also be followed to ensure the safety of transportation. In short, the storage and transportation of p-nitrochlorobenzene must be based on safety and strictly abide by the regulations to ensure safety.
What are the main uses of Para Nitrochloro Benzene?
P-nitrochlorobenzene is an essential material for organic synthesis. It has a wide range of uses and is indispensable in dyes, medicine, and pesticides.
In the dye industry, it is a key intermediate for the production of various azo dyes. Azo dyes are rich and strong in color, and are widely used in fabric printing and dyeing. After various chemical changes, p-nitrochlorobenzene can be converted into compounds with specific structures and properties, and then combined into dyes.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it is also an important raw material for the production of specific drugs. Nitro and chlorine atoms in its molecular structure can participate in the reaction of drug synthesis. After modification and transformation, pharmacologically active substances can be obtained for the production of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and other drugs.
In the agricultural industry, it can be used as a raw material for the production of pesticides and fungicides. Based on it, through chemical synthesis, efficient and specific target pesticides can be produced to protect crops from pests and pathogens and increase agricultural production.
In short, p-nitrochlorobenzene, with its unique chemistry, plays an important role in the field of industrial synthesis. It is the basis for the development of many industries and has a huge impact on social economy and production and life.
In the dye industry, it is a key intermediate for the production of various azo dyes. Azo dyes are rich and strong in color, and are widely used in fabric printing and dyeing. After various chemical changes, p-nitrochlorobenzene can be converted into compounds with specific structures and properties, and then combined into dyes.
In the pharmaceutical industry, it is also an important raw material for the production of specific drugs. Nitro and chlorine atoms in its molecular structure can participate in the reaction of drug synthesis. After modification and transformation, pharmacologically active substances can be obtained for the production of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and other drugs.
In the agricultural industry, it can be used as a raw material for the production of pesticides and fungicides. Based on it, through chemical synthesis, efficient and specific target pesticides can be produced to protect crops from pests and pathogens and increase agricultural production.
In short, p-nitrochlorobenzene, with its unique chemistry, plays an important role in the field of industrial synthesis. It is the basis for the development of many industries and has a huge impact on social economy and production and life.
What are the physical properties of Para Nitrochloro Benzene?
P-nitrochlorobenzene is a class of organic compounds with unique physical properties. Its properties are usually in a light yellow crystalline state, which is quite stable and has a deeper hue.
As far as the melting point is concerned, it is about 83 degrees Celsius. This temperature characteristic allows it to be cleverly converted from solid to liquid in a specific environment, just like ice melting into warm water. Its boiling point is around 242 degrees Celsius. When the temperature rises to this point, p-nitrochlorobenzene turns into a gaseous state and rises like a cloud.
Furthermore, the density of p-nitrochlorobenzene is about 1.52g/cm ³, which is heavier than the common water. Therefore, when it is put into water, it will sink to the bottom of the water, just like a stone falling into a deep pool. Its solubility is also special, it is extremely difficult to dissolve in water, just like the intolerance of oil and water; however, in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, it can be better dissolved, such as salt dissolving in water, and it is integrated.
In addition, p-nitrochlorobenzene has a certain volatility. Although the degree of volatilization is not very high, under certain conditions, its odor can slowly dissipate and be perceived by people. And its vapor is heavier than air, and it is easy to accumulate in low places. If it is not handled properly, it may pose a safety risk.
These are the physical properties of p-nitrochlorobenzene. In many fields such as chemical industry, its properties determine the use, and it needs to be treated with caution.
As far as the melting point is concerned, it is about 83 degrees Celsius. This temperature characteristic allows it to be cleverly converted from solid to liquid in a specific environment, just like ice melting into warm water. Its boiling point is around 242 degrees Celsius. When the temperature rises to this point, p-nitrochlorobenzene turns into a gaseous state and rises like a cloud.
Furthermore, the density of p-nitrochlorobenzene is about 1.52g/cm ³, which is heavier than the common water. Therefore, when it is put into water, it will sink to the bottom of the water, just like a stone falling into a deep pool. Its solubility is also special, it is extremely difficult to dissolve in water, just like the intolerance of oil and water; however, in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, it can be better dissolved, such as salt dissolving in water, and it is integrated.
In addition, p-nitrochlorobenzene has a certain volatility. Although the degree of volatilization is not very high, under certain conditions, its odor can slowly dissipate and be perceived by people. And its vapor is heavier than air, and it is easy to accumulate in low places. If it is not handled properly, it may pose a safety risk.
These are the physical properties of p-nitrochlorobenzene. In many fields such as chemical industry, its properties determine the use, and it needs to be treated with caution.
What are the chemical properties of Para Nitrochloro Benzene?
Nitrochlorobenzene is also a chemical substance, and it is widely used. Among them, p-nitrochlorobenzene is particularly heterogeneous.
The first property of p-nitrochlorobenzene is its stability. Under normal temperature and pressure, it can be safely placed and does not easily combine with other things. In case of fire and strong oxidants, it will undergo drastic changes, which are dangerous and cannot be ignored.
The number of melting boils is also characteristic. The melting point is about 83 degrees Celsius, and the boiling point can reach 242 degrees Celsius. This number makes it change between the three states of solid, liquid and gas in a specific temperature range.
p-nitrochlorobenzene is an important material for organic synthesis. It can be used to produce dyes, medical products, and pesticides. Due to the properties of chlorine and nitro groups on the benzene ring, it is easy to be replaced by other groups, and the way to synthesize new compounds is initiated.
Nitrochlorobenzene is slightly soluble in water, but it is well-coordinated with organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers. This solubility is very useful in the process of separation, purification and reaction.
Furthermore, this substance is toxic. If people touch it, smell it or eat it, it will harm the health of the body. If it is light, it will be uncomfortable, and if it is heavy, it will endanger life. Therefore, when it comes to this substance, the protective measures should not be relaxed.
Viewing its chemical properties, it is really one of the key points of organic chemistry. Although it has wide benefits, it also exists in danger. Those who use it should be cautious to avoid disasters and take advantage of it to prevent its harm.
The first property of p-nitrochlorobenzene is its stability. Under normal temperature and pressure, it can be safely placed and does not easily combine with other things. In case of fire and strong oxidants, it will undergo drastic changes, which are dangerous and cannot be ignored.
The number of melting boils is also characteristic. The melting point is about 83 degrees Celsius, and the boiling point can reach 242 degrees Celsius. This number makes it change between the three states of solid, liquid and gas in a specific temperature range.
p-nitrochlorobenzene is an important material for organic synthesis. It can be used to produce dyes, medical products, and pesticides. Due to the properties of chlorine and nitro groups on the benzene ring, it is easy to be replaced by other groups, and the way to synthesize new compounds is initiated.
Nitrochlorobenzene is slightly soluble in water, but it is well-coordinated with organic solvents such as alcohols and ethers. This solubility is very useful in the process of separation, purification and reaction.
Furthermore, this substance is toxic. If people touch it, smell it or eat it, it will harm the health of the body. If it is light, it will be uncomfortable, and if it is heavy, it will endanger life. Therefore, when it comes to this substance, the protective measures should not be relaxed.
Viewing its chemical properties, it is really one of the key points of organic chemistry. Although it has wide benefits, it also exists in danger. Those who use it should be cautious to avoid disasters and take advantage of it to prevent its harm.
What are the production methods of Para Nitrochloro Benzene?
The method of making p-nitrochlorobenzene has been around since ancient times, and it is now important for industry. There are probably two methods, and the following is Jun's detailed report.
One is the mixed acid nitrification method. This is a classic method. Using chlorobenzene as the substrate, it is co-placed in the reactor with mixed acids (a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid). Sulfuric acid here is a catalyst that can promote the protonation of nitric acid, causing it to produce nitroyl positive ions (NO 2). This is an electrophilic reagent. The benzene ring in chlorobenzene is rich in electrons, and the positive nitroyl ion attacks the benzene ring, and an electrophilic substitution reaction occurs to generate p-nitrochlorobenzene. During the reaction, the temperature needs to be strictly controlled, generally at 50-60 ° C. If the temperature is too high, the side reaction will increase, and impurities such as o-nitrochlorobenzene will be formed; if the temperature is too low, the reaction rate will be slow and time-consuming. And the ratio of mixed acid also needs to be precisely prepared. The ratio of sulfuric acid to nitric acid is usually about 2:1, in order to obtain a higher yield.
The second is the catalytic chlorination method. This is an emerging method, which has the advantages of green environmental protection and high efficiency. Using nitrobenzene as a raw material, under the action of a specific catalyst, chlorine gas is introduced to carry out the chlorination reaction. Commonly used catalysts include metal chlorides, such as iron chloride, copper chloride, etc. This catalyst can polarize chlorine molecules, making them more prone to heterocracking, generating chlorine positive ions (Cl 🥰), and then attacking the benzene ring of nitrobenz Nitro is the meta-localization group, and chlorine positive ions mainly attack its para-position to produce p-nitrochlorobenzene. This reaction condition is relatively mild, requires slightly less equipment, and has fewer side reactions, resulting in high product purity. However, it also has shortcomings, the cost of catalysts is higher, and the recovery and reuse of catalysts need to be further studied and improved.
The above two methods are the main production methods of p-nitrochlorobenzene, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In industrial production, it is necessary to weigh the advantages and disadvantages according to the actual situation, and choose the appropriate one to use.
One is the mixed acid nitrification method. This is a classic method. Using chlorobenzene as the substrate, it is co-placed in the reactor with mixed acids (a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid). Sulfuric acid here is a catalyst that can promote the protonation of nitric acid, causing it to produce nitroyl positive ions (NO 2). This is an electrophilic reagent. The benzene ring in chlorobenzene is rich in electrons, and the positive nitroyl ion attacks the benzene ring, and an electrophilic substitution reaction occurs to generate p-nitrochlorobenzene. During the reaction, the temperature needs to be strictly controlled, generally at 50-60 ° C. If the temperature is too high, the side reaction will increase, and impurities such as o-nitrochlorobenzene will be formed; if the temperature is too low, the reaction rate will be slow and time-consuming. And the ratio of mixed acid also needs to be precisely prepared. The ratio of sulfuric acid to nitric acid is usually about 2:1, in order to obtain a higher yield.
The second is the catalytic chlorination method. This is an emerging method, which has the advantages of green environmental protection and high efficiency. Using nitrobenzene as a raw material, under the action of a specific catalyst, chlorine gas is introduced to carry out the chlorination reaction. Commonly used catalysts include metal chlorides, such as iron chloride, copper chloride, etc. This catalyst can polarize chlorine molecules, making them more prone to heterocracking, generating chlorine positive ions (Cl 🥰), and then attacking the benzene ring of nitrobenz Nitro is the meta-localization group, and chlorine positive ions mainly attack its para-position to produce p-nitrochlorobenzene. This reaction condition is relatively mild, requires slightly less equipment, and has fewer side reactions, resulting in high product purity. However, it also has shortcomings, the cost of catalysts is higher, and the recovery and reuse of catalysts need to be further studied and improved.
The above two methods are the main production methods of p-nitrochlorobenzene, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In industrial production, it is necessary to weigh the advantages and disadvantages according to the actual situation, and choose the appropriate one to use.
What are the precautions for Para Nitrochloro Benzene during use?
Nitrochlorobenzene is commonly used in the chemical industry, and many matters need to be paid attention to when using it.
The first is about safety protection. This substance has certain toxicity and irritation, and complete protective equipment must be worn when it comes into contact. If you wear protective clothing, it needs to be dense and can prevent poisons from getting close to you; if you wear protective gloves on your hands, you should choose materials that are resistant to chemical corrosion to prevent your skin from coming into contact with it and causing poisoning or burns. The face should also be equipped with a protective mask to protect your eyes and prevent toxins to ensure safe breathing and protection from poisons.
The second consideration is the operating environment. It is recommended to operate in a well-ventilated place, and an effective ventilation device should be installed to make the air flow smoothly, and the volatile p-nitrochlorobenzene gas should be discharged in time to prevent it from accumulating in the air and reduce the risk of poisoning and explosion. And the operation area should be far away from fire and heat sources. Because of its flammability, it is easy to cause danger in case of open fire and hot topics. Therefore, flammable materials are prohibited around, and fire extinguishing facilities should be complete and available at any time.
Furthermore, the use process should be strictly operated according to the specifications. The dosage should be precisely controlled, and it should not be increased or decreased at will to achieve the expected effect and avoid waste and pollution. When taking it, the action should be stable and accurate to prevent it from spilling. If there is any spill, clean it up immediately according to the emergency response procedures, collect the residue, and dispose of it in a specific way. Do not discard it at will to avoid polluting the environment.
Repeat, storage also needs to be cautious. It should be placed in a cool, dry and ventilated place, away from oxidants and alkali substances. Because of its active chemical nature, it is easy to cause chemical reactions in contact with it, causing accidental changes. Storage containers must be well sealed, leak-proof, and labeled, with information such as their product name, nature and hazards, for identification and management.
In short, with p-nitrochlorobenzene, safety is the most important, and all links must be operated with caution and compliance with regulations to ensure personal safety and the environment.
The first is about safety protection. This substance has certain toxicity and irritation, and complete protective equipment must be worn when it comes into contact. If you wear protective clothing, it needs to be dense and can prevent poisons from getting close to you; if you wear protective gloves on your hands, you should choose materials that are resistant to chemical corrosion to prevent your skin from coming into contact with it and causing poisoning or burns. The face should also be equipped with a protective mask to protect your eyes and prevent toxins to ensure safe breathing and protection from poisons.
The second consideration is the operating environment. It is recommended to operate in a well-ventilated place, and an effective ventilation device should be installed to make the air flow smoothly, and the volatile p-nitrochlorobenzene gas should be discharged in time to prevent it from accumulating in the air and reduce the risk of poisoning and explosion. And the operation area should be far away from fire and heat sources. Because of its flammability, it is easy to cause danger in case of open fire and hot topics. Therefore, flammable materials are prohibited around, and fire extinguishing facilities should be complete and available at any time.
Furthermore, the use process should be strictly operated according to the specifications. The dosage should be precisely controlled, and it should not be increased or decreased at will to achieve the expected effect and avoid waste and pollution. When taking it, the action should be stable and accurate to prevent it from spilling. If there is any spill, clean it up immediately according to the emergency response procedures, collect the residue, and dispose of it in a specific way. Do not discard it at will to avoid polluting the environment.
Repeat, storage also needs to be cautious. It should be placed in a cool, dry and ventilated place, away from oxidants and alkali substances. Because of its active chemical nature, it is easy to cause chemical reactions in contact with it, causing accidental changes. Storage containers must be well sealed, leak-proof, and labeled, with information such as their product name, nature and hazards, for identification and management.
In short, with p-nitrochlorobenzene, safety is the most important, and all links must be operated with caution and compliance with regulations to ensure personal safety and the environment.
Scan to WhatsApp
